Benzoic acid

RTECS #

DG0875000

CAS #

65-85-0
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

March 2019

Molecular Weight

122.13

Molecular Formula

C₇H₆O₂

Synonyms

Acide benzoique (French)
Acido benzoico (Italian)
Benzenecarboxylic acid
Benzeneformic acid
Benzenemethanoic acid
Benzoate
Benzoesaeure (German)
Carboxybenzene
Dracylic acid
E 210
HA 1 (acid)
Kyselina benzoova (Czech)
Phenylcarboxylic acid
Phenylformic acid
Retarder BA
Retardex
Salvo liquid
Salvo powder
Tenn-Plas

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /human	22 mg/3D- intermittent	moderate	85DKA8 -,127,1977
skin /human	0.25%/1H open irritation test		ADVEA4 26,734,1984
skin /human	0.76%/40M	mild	CODEDG 33,177,1995

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
DNA Damage	lymphocyte/human	5 mmol/L	FCTOD7 48,1239,2010
DNA inhibition	lymphocyte/human	5 mmol/L	PNASA6 79,1171,1982
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	10 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)	ZBPIA9 112,226,1959
other mutation test systems	oral/Drosophila melanogaster	50 mmol/L	FCTOD7 46,1034,2008

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/hpc	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.25 gm/L/30M	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	JOETD7 137,914,2011
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 21 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis	TIVIEQ 3,189,1989
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte	Inhibitor Concentration (30 percent kill): >200 mg/L/45H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.	TIVIEQ 29,901,2015
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >200 mg/L/45H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 29,901,2015
In Vitro/Human, skin	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >2000 µmol/L/48H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TXAPA9 245,281,2010
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lowest published lethal dose: 1400 mg/kg		HBTXAC 5,23,1959
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1460 mg/kg		CRSBAW 160,1097,1966
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1600 mg/kg		BCFAAI 112,53,1973
intravenous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1700 mg/kg		APYPAY 12,173,1961
oral/guinea pig	lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg		MMWOAU 77,13,1930
oral/man	lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg		FCTXAV 17,715,1979
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1940 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression Gastrointestinal: Other changes	IYKEDH 15,359,1984
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg		HBTXAC 5,23,1959
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1700 mg/kg		IPSTB3 3,93,1976
skin/human	lowest published toxic dose: 6 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, allergic	JOALAS 16,195,1945
subcutaneous/frog	lowest published lethal dose: 100 mg/kg		HBTXAC 5,23,1959
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg		HBTXAC 5,23,1959

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 1200 mg/m³/4W- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis (interstitial) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTIS** OTS0539172

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,259,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 243,225,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 84,S1,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 97,S180,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 60,120,2011

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION		FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES	Cancelled	RBREV* -,297,1998
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 5 mg/m³, JUN2003

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 10210; Number of Industries 85; Total Number of Facilities 9179; Number of Occupations 81; Total Number of Employees Exposed 155176; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 55139
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 10210; Number of Industries 35; Total Number of Facilities 2798; Number of Occupations 52; Total Number of Employees Exposed 77830

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Histidine reversion-Ames test; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health