CDC National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Digital Quality Measures (dQM) Content Package IG
1.0.0 - Release 1

CDC National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Digital Quality Measures (dQM) Content Package IG - Downloaded Version 1.0.0 See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: ACH Daily Event Lab Result Observation

Official URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/ach-daily-observation-lab | Version: 1.0.0
Standards status: Trial-use | Maturity Level: 1 | Computable Name: AcuteCareHospitalDailyEventLabObservation

This profile contains Required and Must Support data elements for reporting COVID-19, Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Daily laboratory result information for the NHSN Acute Care Hospital (ACH) Daily Digital Quality Measure. This profile is based on the HL7 FHIR® US Core Laboratory Result Observation Profile v3.1.1.

Usages:

- Examples for this Profile: Observation/lab-observation-example-ach-daily-initialpopulationpass, Observation/lab-observation-example-ach-daily-negativepcr-1, Observation/lab-observation-example-ach-daily-negativepcr-2 and Observation/lab-observation-example-ach-daily-rsvlabbtg

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

### Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Table
- Snapshot Table
- Statistics/References
- All

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, us-core-2
id | Σ | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category | S | 1..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:Laboratory | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Laboratory Test Name Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): LOINC codes
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(US Core Patient Profile) | Who and/or what the observation is about
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
encounter | S Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: us-core-1
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | S Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Result Value Constraints: us-core-4, us-core-3
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible)
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
hasMember | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet / Code | URI
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:Laboratory | preferred | Pattern Value: laboratory `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
us-core-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. : ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8 |
us-core-2 | error | Observation | If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists()) |
us-core-3 | error | Observation.value[x] | SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : valueQuantity.system.empty() or valueQuantity.system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' |
us-core-4 | best practice | Observation.value[x] | SHOULD use Snomed CT for coded Results : valueCodeableConcept.coding.system.empty() or valueCodeableConcept.coding.system = 'http://snomed.info/sct' |

This structure is derived from USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions
id |  | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta |  |  |  |
Slices for extension |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
extension:link-received-date-extension |  | 0..1 | dateTime | Received Date URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension
subject |  |  |  |
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
encounter | S | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] |  | 1..1 | dateTime, Period | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued | S | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc.
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
hasMember | S | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
derivedFrom | S | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual component result
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc.
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, us-core-2
id | Σ | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Slices for extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:link-received-date-extension |  | 0..1 | dateTime | Received Date URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension
versionId | Σ | 0..1 | id | Version specific identifier
lastUpdated | Σ | 0..1 | instant | When the resource version last changed
source | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Identifies where the resource comes from
profile | Σ | 0..* | canonical(StructureDefinition) | Profiles this resource claims to conform to
security | Σ | 0..* | Coding | Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
tag | Σ | 0..* | Coding | Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category | S | 1..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:Laboratory | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Laboratory Test Name Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): LOINC codes
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(US Core Patient Profile) | Who and/or what the observation is about
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | S Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: us-core-1
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | S Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Result Value Constraints: us-core-4, us-core-3
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible)
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Device
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet / Code | URI
Observation.meta.security | extensible | All Security Labels `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/security-labels|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.meta.tag | example | CommonTags `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/common-tags|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages` From the FHIR Standard
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:Laboratory | preferred | Pattern Value: laboratory `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.subject.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.encounter.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.specimen.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.hasMember.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
us-core-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. : ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8 |
us-core-2 | error | Observation | If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists()) |
us-core-3 | error | Observation.value[x] | SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : valueQuantity.system.empty() or valueQuantity.system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' |
us-core-4 | best practice | Observation.value[x] | SHOULD use Snomed CT for coded Results : valueCodeableConcept.coding.system.empty() or valueCodeableConcept.coding.system = 'http://snomed.info/sct' |

This structure is derived from USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements(3 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 15 elements

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

- http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension

Maturity: 1

Key Elements View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, us-core-2
id | Σ | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category | S | 1..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:Laboratory | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Laboratory Test Name Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): LOINC codes
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(US Core Patient Profile) | Who and/or what the observation is about
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
encounter | S Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: us-core-1
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | S Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Result Value Constraints: us-core-4, us-core-3
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible)
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
hasMember | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet / Code | URI
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:Laboratory | preferred | Pattern Value: laboratory `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
us-core-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. : ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8 |
us-core-2 | error | Observation | If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists()) |
us-core-3 | error | Observation.value[x] | SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : valueQuantity.system.empty() or valueQuantity.system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' |
us-core-4 | best practice | Observation.value[x] | SHOULD use Snomed CT for coded Results : valueCodeableConcept.coding.system.empty() or valueCodeableConcept.coding.system = 'http://snomed.info/sct' |

Differential View

This structure is derived from USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions
id |  | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta |  |  |  |
Slices for extension |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
extension:link-received-date-extension |  | 0..1 | dateTime | Received Date URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension
subject |  |  |  |
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
encounter | S | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] |  | 1..1 | dateTime, Period | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued | S | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc.
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
hasMember | S | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
reference | S | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
derivedFrom | S | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual component result
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc.
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard

Snapshot View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, us-core-2
id | Σ | 1..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Slices for extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:link-received-date-extension |  | 0..1 | dateTime | Received Date URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension
versionId | Σ | 0..1 | id | Version specific identifier
lastUpdated | Σ | 0..1 | instant | When the resource version last changed
source | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Identifies where the resource comes from
profile | Σ | 0..* | canonical(StructureDefinition) | Profiles this resource claims to conform to
security | Σ | 0..* | Coding | Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
tag | Σ | 0..* | Coding | Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category | S | 1..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:Laboratory | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Laboratory Test Name Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): LOINC codes
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(US Core Patient Profile) | Who and/or what the observation is about
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | S Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: us-core-1
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | S Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Result Value Constraints: us-core-4, us-core-3
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible)
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation
bodySite | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method | S | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible)
specimen | S | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Device
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible)
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet / Code | URI
Observation.meta.security | extensible | All Security Labels `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/security-labels|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.meta.tag | example | CommonTags `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/common-tags|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages` From the FHIR Standard
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:Laboratory | preferred | Pattern Value: laboratory `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.subject.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.encounter.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | extensible | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.specimen.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.hasMember.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types|4.0.1` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | extensible | LOINCCodes(a valid code from LOINC) `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` From the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` From the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
us-core-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. : ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8 |
us-core-2 | error | Observation | If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists()) |
us-core-3 | error | Observation.value[x] | SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : valueQuantity.system.empty() or valueQuantity.system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' |
us-core-4 | best practice | Observation.value[x] | SHOULD use Snomed CT for coded Results : valueCodeableConcept.coding.system.empty() or valueCodeableConcept.coding.system = 'http://snomed.info/sct' |

This structure is derived from USCoreLaboratoryResultObservationProfile

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements(3 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 15 elements

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

- http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/fhirportal/dqm/ig/StructureDefinition/link-received-date-extension

Maturity: 1

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron