Alaska Invasive Bacterial Disease Surveillance Report Group B Streptococcus – 2013
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Background
AIP has conducted statewide surveillance of invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) since 2000. Beginning in January, 2007, invasive GBS became a reportable condition to the State of Alaska Division of Public Health (DPH). Reports of cases of disease caused by this organism are shared between AIP and DPH.
Population
The population of the State of Alaska in 2013 was 736,399; 142,989 (19%) were Alaska Native people. Source: AK Dept. of Labor & Workforce Development population estimates.
Case Definition
An isolate of GBS from a normally sterile site that has been taken from a resident of Alaska. Cases are also included when GBS has been isolated from a placenta and/or amniotic fluid with fetal demise. Early-onset cases are <7 days of age and late-onset are 7-89 days of age.
Methods
Participating laboratories send isolates recovered from sterile sites to the AIP laboratory in Anchorage; materials and forms for isolate shipment and data collection are provided to each laboratory by AIP. Demographic and clinical information on the cases are collected from a review of medical records. Annually, AIP asks that each laboratory review their records and provide information on any cases that may have been overlooked.
| Alaska Native | Non-Native | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Cases | Rate* | No. Cases | Rate* | |
| Early onset | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0.3 |
| Late onset | 1 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.2 |
*Cases per 1,000 live births
| Race | Cases n (%) | Age Adjusted Rate* | % Male | Deaths n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native | 8 (22) | 6.5 | 38% | 0 (0) |
| Non-Native† | 29 (78)† | 4.5 | 41% | 1 (3.4) |
| Total | 37 | 40% | 1 (2.7) |
*Cases per 100,000 per percent distribution of Alaska 2010 population
†Includes 1 case for which race was unknown
| Alaska Native | Non-Native | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | No. Cases | Rate* | No. Cases | Rate* |
| <2 | 1 | 17.1 | 5 | 32.9 |
| 2-4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 19-54 | 1 | 1.5 | 7 | 2.3 |
| 55-64 | 3 | 22.9 | 6 | 7.1 |
| 65+ | 3 | 31.8 | 11 | 18.9 |
| Total | 8 | 5.6 | 29 | 4.9 |
*Cases per 100,000 population
| No. | %* | |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteremia | 16 | 43 |
| Cellulitis | 8 | 22 |
| Pneumonia with bacteremia | 3 | 8 |
| Endocarditis | 2 | 5 |
| Septic arthritis | 1 | 3 |
| Amnionitis | 1 | 3 |
| Meningitis | 1 | 3 |
| Necrotizing fasciitis | 1 | 3 |
| Osteomyelitis | 1 | 3 |
| Peritonitis | 1 | 3 |
| Other | 2 | 5 |
*Percent of cases