Preventing New HIV Infections

Related Pages

The listed guidelines and related implementation resources provide guidance about prevention strategies and services that can prevent or diagnose new HIV infections and link individuals at risk to relevant prevention, medical and social services.

Guidelines

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Current Guidelines Some sections may be out-of-date. Out of date/Superseded
Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines
Exclaimation mark icon indicating Some sections may be out-of-date. Use with caution.
X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States (2021 Update) – Clinical Practice Guideline pdf icon[PDF – 2 MB]
This updates the review of scientific evidence on the safety and efficacy of antiretroviral HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The update includes guidance for recommended initial and follow-up STD screening, revised HIV testing strategies, and recommended primary care practices for patients being prescribed oral or injectable PrEP.		 2021 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines
Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States (2021 Update) – Clinical Providers Supplement pdf icon[PDF – 764 KB]
This update provides revised checklists, patient information sheets, and billing codes for both oral and injectable PrEP and includes guidance for counseling patients about adherent PrEP use.		 2021 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines

Non-Occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
Guidance for Non-HIV-Specialized Providers Caring for Persons with HIV Who Have been Displaced by Disasters (such as a Hurricane)external icon
Provides guidance to health care providers attending to the medical needs of adults and children with HIV who have been displaced from disaster areas and who have not yet secured HIV care in the areas where they have relocated.		 2018 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines
Updated guidelines for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV—United States, 2016
Updates and expands the 2005 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommendations for clinical care providers regarding nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outside the health care setting for persons in the United States. The update includes pediatric dosing information.		 2016 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines
Recommendations for Postexposure Interventions to Prevent Infection with Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Tetanus in Persons Wounded During Bombings and Other Mass–Casualty Events—United States
Outlines and adapts existing general recommendations on the use of immunization and postexposure prophylaxis for tetanus and for occupational and nonoccupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens to the specific situation of a mass-casualty event. Note: Information about the use of PEP with HIV has been updated in newer guidelines		 2008 Exclaimation mark icon indicating Some sections may be out-of-date. Use with caution.

Occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
Updated (2013) U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis (oPEP)
Updates U.S. Public Health Service recommendations for the management of health-care personnel (HCP) who have occupational exposure to blood and/or other body fluids that might contain HIV. Although the principles of exposure management remain unchanged, recommended HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens and the duration of HIV follow-up testing for exposed personnel have been updated.		 2018 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines

Prevention with Partners of Persons with HIV

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
Recommendations for Partner Services Programs for HIV Infection, Syphilis, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydial Infection
This report provides updated, integrated recommendations for services provided to partners of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and three other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) (i.e., syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydial infection.) Note: Some recommendations and supporting evidence have been updated in the Recommendations for HIV Prevention with Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Implementation Resources: 		2008 Exclaimation mark icon indicating Some sections may be out-of-date. Use with caution.

Screening for STDS

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
HIV Infection: Detection, Counseling, and Referral
Provides updated recommendations for the screening and treatment of persons who have or are at risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV

Contraceptive Use

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
The United States Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016 (US MEC)
The information in this report updates the 2010 U.S. MEC (CDC. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010. MMWR 2010:59 [No. RR-4]) and includes recommendations for using specific contraceptive methods by women and men who have certain characteristics or medical conditions. Notable updates include the addition of recommendations for women with sexually transmitted diseases, human immunodeficiency virus, or who are using antiretroviral therapy.		 2016 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines

Other

guidelines
Title and Description Publication Year Status
Recommendations to Improve Preconception Health and Health Care—United States: a Report Of The CDC/ATSDR Preconception Care Work Group and the Select Panel on Preconception Care
Provides recommendations to improve both preconception health and care. The goal of these recommendations is to improve the health of women and couples, before conception of a first or subsequent pregnancy. Note: Some of the recommendations have been updated/adapted in the Recommendations for HIV Prevention with Adults and Adolescents with HIV.		 2006 Exclaimation mark icon indicating Some sections may be out-of-date. Use with caution.

Implementation Guidance

guidelines
Title and Description Publication

Year

 Status
Quick Guide: Recommendations For Partner Services Programs For HIV Infection, Syphilis, Gonorrhea, And Chlamydial Infectionpdf iconIntended to serve as a quick reference resource and as such, lists only the recommendations and data security guidelines included in the MMWR

Note: Some of the recommendations on partner services have been updated in the Recommendations for HIV Prevention with Adults and Adolescents with HIV

  2010 Exclaimation mark icon indicating Some sections may be out-of-date. Use with caution.
Partner Services Evaluation Field Guide (PSEFG)pdf iconProvides organizations, specifically health department personnel at the state and local levels, with step-by-step instructions to assist in the development and implementation of monitoring and evaluation activities for partner services programs.  2010 Check mark icon indicating Current Guidelines

Out-of-Date/Superseded Guidelines

guidelines
Title and Description Publication

Year

 Status
Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States – 2017 Update: a Clinical Practice Guideline pdf icon[PDF – 2 MB] 2017 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States – 2017 Update: Clinical Providers Supplement pdf icon[PDF – 2 MB] 2017 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Update to CDC’s U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010: Revised recommendations for the use of hormonal contraception among women at high risk for HIV infection or infected with HIV 2012 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
2010 STD Treatment Guidelines  2010 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HIV and Recommendations for Post exposure Prophylaxis  2005 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Program operations guidelines for STD preventionpdf icon 2001 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Updated U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis 2001 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
HIV partner counseling and referral services guidance. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Servicespdf icon 1998 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Health-care worker Exposures to HIV and Recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1998 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Update: Provisional Public Health Service Recommendations for Chemoprophylaxis after Occupational Exposure to HIV 1996 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
Guidelines to Prevent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Laboratory Workers and Animal Handlers 1998 X icon indicating Out of date/Superseded
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Page last reviewed: March 29, 2022
Content source: Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention