Key points
- Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is defined as a "nutrition-based treatment provided by a registered dietitian."
- MNT includes a nutrition diagnosis as well as therapeutic and counseling services to manage diabetes.
- MNT is a key component of diabetes education and management.
About medical nutrition therapy
Studies have documented an association between MNT delivered by a registered dietitian and hemoglobin A1C decreases for people with type 1 diabetes (0.3%–1%) and type 2 diabetes (0.5%–2%).
Diabetes self-management training (DSMT) and MNT are separate but complementary services. Although relying on distinct techniques, studies report that DSMT and MNT together are more effective than either service would be if offered alone. Although DSMT and MNT practitioners can provide follow-up in the same year, the two types of services require separate referrals.
Note: Medicare will not reimburse DSMT and MNT if provided on the same day.
Differences between DSMT and MNT
Diabetes care and education specialists (DCESs) provide DSMT. DCESs
- Are licensed or nationally registered health care professionals.
- Provide overall guidance related to all aspects of diabetes.
- Increase knowledge and disease management skills.
- Promote effective self-care behaviors and glycemic control.
MNT providers
- Are registered dietitians or nutritional professionals.
- Plan for follow-up over multiple visits.
- Assist with behavioral and lifestyle changes.
- Manage individual nutrition problems and medical conditions.
Resources
American Diabetes Association Standards of Care in Diabetes – 2023 - Standards outlining recommendations for diagnosing and managing diabetes, including MNT.
Medicare Billing for DSMT and MNT Services - A presentation from the American Diabetes Association.