Table 8.1a: Percent of hospitals with recommended policies and practices consistent with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 | |||||||||||
Model policy | Assess staff competency | Prenatal breastfeeding education | Early initiation | Teach breastfeeding techniques | Limit supplements | Rooming-in | Teaching feeding cues | Limit pacifiers | Discharge support | N | |
All | 32.2 | 59.6 | 91.2 | 69.4 | 93.4 | 27.4 | 54.8 | 89.5 | 52.5 | 33.6 | 2493 |
Type of facility | |||||||||||
Birth center | 19.8 | 51.2 | 82.3 | 92.3 | 91.7 | 86.2 | 99.4 | 95.2 | 97.6 | 76.9 | 169 |
Government hospital | 31.2 | 51.4 | 85.2 | 64.9 | 89 | 26.3 | 53.7 | 86 | 48.1 | 35.1 | 463 |
Non-profit hospital | 35.3 | 62.2 | 94.5 | 69.4 | 95.1 | 23.5 | 50.8 | 90.9 | 51.4 | 32 | 1532 |
Private hospital | 25 | 64.3 | 88.1 | 63.6 | 91.9 | 14.8 | 48.3 | 84.8 | 37 | 14.9 | 309 |
Military hospital | 40 | 50 | 100 | 65 | 100 | 55 | 85 | 90 | 90 | 45 | 20 |
Teaching hospital | |||||||||||
Yes | 57.1 | 70.8 | 95.2 | 64.2 | 94.3 | 10.6 | 50.3 | 91.1 | 62.6 | 28.1 | 192 |
No | 31 | 59.3 | 91.5 | 68 | 93.4 | 24.3 | 51.5 | 88.9 | 47.9 | 30.6 | 2132 |
Size of facility | |||||||||||
1-249 | 16.2 | 41.2 | 80.7 | 76.7 | 91.2 | 53.1 | 64.5 | 90 | 57.7 | 51.1 | 571 |
250-499 | 23.1 | 51.2 | 88.5 | 67.8 | 92.4 | 28.4 | 53.4 | 86.1 | 43 | 31 | 463 |
500-999 | 31.3 | 63 | 95.1 | 68.2 | 93.7 | 22.1 | 49.4 | 89.7 | 45.2 | 33.4 | 479 |
1000-1999 | 42.1 | 71.3 | 95.8 | 67.9 | 94.9 | 16 | 52.6 | 91 | 54.1 | 24.8 | 488 |
2000-4999 | 49.7 | 74.5 | 97.2 | 65.6 | 95 | 14.2 | 52.7 | 91.4 | 59.6 | 24.7 | 442 |
5000 or more | 54 | 68 | 97.9 | 59.2 | 94 | 4.2 | 47.9 | 84 | 71.4 | 24 | 50 |
Level of Neonatal Care | |||||||||||
Healthy newborn only | 23.1 | 49.9 | 86.4 | 72.3 | 92.6 | 40.3 | 60.2 | 88.7 | 53.4 | 41 | 1116 |
Level 2 special care | 32.7 | 62.6 | 94.3 | 67.7 | 93.6 | 20.1 | 50.7 | 89.7 | 46.3 | 30 | 747 |
Level 3 NICU | 46 | 73.5 | 95.8 | 67.2 | 94.4 | 14.2 | 49.6 | 90.4 | 56 | 24.4 | 540 |
Level 4 Regional NICU | 58 | 71.9 | 96.6 | 60 | 94.4 | 8 | 52.3 | 93.3 | 71.1 | 26.7 | 90 |
Census region | |||||||||||
Pacific | 36.6 | 58.1 | 87 | 76 | 94.3 | 38.4 | 85.1 | 90.9 | 70.8 | 32.8 | 332 |
Mountain | 27.2 | 51.1 | 87.4 | 73 | 91.5 | 34.8 | 75 | 91 | 48 | 35.9 | 234 |
West North Central | 22.5 | 38.6 | 94.1 | 71.7 | 91 | 35.5 | 42.6 | 86.3 | 41.6 | 45.4 | 335 |
East North Central | 34.8 | 65.9 | 96.5 | 71.1 | 96 | 24.2 | 43.8 | 91.4 | 45 | 35.5 | 406 |
West South Central | 30.6 | 63.6 | 83.7 | 62 | 90.2 | 20.5 | 54.4 | 84.4 | 55.4 | 27 | 317 |
East South Central | 22.1 | 59.9 | 93.2 | 56.8 | 90.4 | 14.7 | 26 | 87.3 | 33.1 | 20.5 | 157 |
New England | 45 | 67.5 | 97.4 | 84.9 | 99.2 | 39.3 | 55.1 | 98.3 | 70.8 | 45 | 120 |
Middle Atlantic | 44.2 | 70.2 | 96.7 | 64.2 | 95.8 | 16.7 | 35.4 | 92.6 | 58.8 | 33 | 218 |
South Atlantic | 31.8 | 66 | 89.3 | 66.9 | 93.6 | 23.1 | 60.5 | 89 | 52.7 | 27.9 | 374 |
Note: Sample sizes vary slightly for each of the ten indicators, ranging from n=2483-2576. |
Table 8.2a: Percent of hospitals by number of recommended policies and practices by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 | |||||
Number of ideal practices† | |||||
0-2 | 3-5 | 6-8 | 9-10 | N | |
All | 3.6 | 34 | 50.5 | 11.9 | 2201 |
Type of facility | |||||
Birth center | 0.7 | 3.3 | 57 | 39.1 | 151 |
Government hospital | 5.3 | 37.7 | 48.1 | 8.9 | 416 |
Non-profit hospital | 3 | 34.4 | 51.4 | 11.2 | 1350 |
Private hospital | 6.4 | 44.7 | 45.1 | 3.8 | 264 |
Military hospital | 0 | 15 | 65 | 20 | 20 |
Teaching hospital | |||||
Yes | 0.6 | 30.5 | 58.6 | 10.3 | 174 |
No | 4.2 | 36.8 | 49.3 | 9.8 | 1876 |
Size of facility | |||||
1-249 | 4.7 | 30.2 | 47.9 | 17.2 | 493 |
250-499 | 5.2 | 42.2 | 41.2 | 11.4 | 403 |
500-999 | 3.5 | 36.1 | 49.8 | 10.6 | 424 |
1000-1999 | 3 | 33 | 53.5 | 10.5 | 439 |
2000-4999 | 2 | 28.3 | 60.8 | 9 | 400 |
5000 or more | 0 | 42.9 | 50 | 7.1 | 42 |
Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
Healthy newborn only | 4.2 | 33.9 | 47.4 | 14.5 | 974 |
Level 2 special care | 4.1 | 35.9 | 49.5 | 10.5 | 657 |
Level 3 NICU | 2 | 32.9 | 55.9 | 9.2 | 490 |
Level 4 Regional NICU | 2.5 | 26.3 | 63.8 | 7.5 | 80 |
Census region | |||||
Pacific | 2 | 22.5 | 58.9 | 16.6 | 302 |
Mountain | 5.5 | 29 | 51 | 14.5 | 200 |
West North Central | 5.5 | 40.3 | 44.5 | 9.7 | 290 |
East North Central | 1.6 | 37.8 | 51.1 | 9.5 | 368 |
West South Central | 5.8 | 37.3 | 47.5 | 9.4 | 276 |
East South Central | 7.6 | 51.1 | 35.1 | 6.1 | 131 |
New England | 0 | 20 | 56.4 | 23.6 | 110 |
Middle Atlantic | 2 | 35.2 | 52.3 | 10.6 | 199 |
South Atlantic | 3.4 | 32 | 52.9 | 11.7 | 325 |
†Note: Ideal maternity care practices are listed in Table 8.1 |