| Table 7.1a: Elements of a written hospital policy by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
In-service training |
Prenatal breastfeeding classes |
| Table 7.1a: Elements of a written hospital policy by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
In-service training |
Prenatal breastfeeding classes |
Asking about mothers' feeding plans |
Early initiation of breastfeeding |
Teaching lactation maintenance during separation |
Exclusive breastfeeding |
24 hr/day rooming-in |
Breastfeeding on-demand |
Pacifier use |
Referral of mothers with breastfeeding problems |
N |
| All |
62 |
62 |
88 |
89.1 |
79.6 |
76.8 |
75.6 |
87.9 |
69.2 |
78.9 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
56.1 |
76.1 |
90.2 |
92.7 |
64.6 |
42.3 |
67.1 |
84.8 |
42.4 |
87.3 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
59 |
54.6 |
84.5 |
84.2 |
71.7 |
75.1 |
72.7 |
87.8 |
67.7 |
74 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
63.9 |
64.2 |
88.7 |
90.4 |
84.1 |
81 |
77.6 |
89 |
73.1 |
80.5 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
60 |
53.5 |
88.7 |
87.5 |
77.5 |
77 |
72.8 |
84.1 |
65 |
72.7 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
73.7 |
75 |
83.3 |
94.7 |
78.9 |
78.9 |
95 |
84.2 |
89.5 |
84.2 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
77.9 |
75.3 |
96.3 |
98.4 |
95.2 |
91.4 |
88.9 |
95.7 |
87.8 |
92.5 |
192 |
| No |
61 |
59.7 |
87.1 |
87.9 |
79.4 |
78.2 |
75 |
87.4 |
69.6 |
76.9 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
45.7 |
53.3 |
82.7 |
82 |
62.2 |
57.3 |
68.7 |
79.8 |
49.4 |
69.3 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
55.1 |
56.4 |
86.6 |
84.3 |
72.6 |
72.9 |
68.2 |
84.3 |
65.2 |
73.5 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
60.4 |
57.9 |
86.7 |
87.3 |
79.9 |
77.8 |
72.6 |
86.8 |
67.8 |
74.9 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
72 |
69.3 |
89.4 |
95.2 |
90.5 |
87.6 |
84.1 |
93.9 |
80.2 |
86.3 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
77.1 |
73 |
94.5 |
96.8 |
93.6 |
90.7 |
83.9 |
95.2 |
85.2 |
90 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
87 |
83.7 |
100 |
98 |
96 |
85.7 |
87.8 |
95.9 |
86 |
98 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
51.9 |
56.9 |
85.4 |
85.2 |
69.6 |
67.4 |
70.6 |
83.3 |
59.2 |
73.1 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
65.4 |
60.5 |
87.3 |
89.5 |
82.9 |
81.3 |
75.2 |
89.3 |
72 |
78.2 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
74.6 |
72.2 |
93.2 |
94.7 |
92.3 |
87.3 |
84.1 |
94 |
82.8 |
89.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
82.4 |
78.3 |
94.3 |
98.9 |
95.5 |
91.9 |
87.5 |
95.3 |
86.2 |
92 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
71.4 |
65.5 |
91.1 |
96.3 |
84.9 |
81.6 |
90 |
94.7 |
72.3 |
88.5 |
332 |
| Mountain |
62.3 |
60.6 |
86.3 |
88.9 |
74.4 |
71.6 |
80.3 |
86.7 |
62 |
78.2 |
234 |
| West North Central |
45.5 |
59.4 |
81.7 |
84.3 |
71.2 |
71.1 |
67.3 |
83.5 |
64.3 |
67.3 |
335 |
| East North Central |
62.2 |
61.9 |
88.7 |
91.2 |
83.1 |
80.8 |
71.6 |
91.4 |
73.3 |
81.3 |
406 |
| West South Central |
65.7 |
55.3 |
83 |
81.4 |
76.7 |
70.1 |
69.6 |
80.1 |
64.5 |
71.8 |
317 |
| East South Central |
48.9 |
49.3 |
85.1 |
77.5 |
64.9 |
62.9 |
57.7 |
76.5 |
54.8 |
61.4 |
157 |
| New England |
64.1 |
69.2 |
94.1 |
97.5 |
86.7 |
90.8 |
85.6 |
91.7 |
83.3 |
89.1 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
69.3 |
76.7 |
95.3 |
96.3 |
91.9 |
92.5 |
85.8 |
95.3 |
84.8 |
91.1 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
65.2 |
62.3 |
90 |
88.7 |
80.7 |
74 |
74.4 |
87.7 |
66.4 |
80.2 |
374 |
| Table 7.2a: Modes used to inform staff of breastfeeding policies by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
In-service training |
Policy is posted |
Newsletter |
New staff training |
New staff orientation |
Staff meeting |
Word of mouth |
N |
| All |
74.6 |
83.8 |
17.1 |
75.4 |
66.2 |
78.5 |
46.3 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
58.3 |
47.9 |
4.3 |
52.8 |
46 |
63.8 |
35.6 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
69.7 |
84.7 |
10.2 |
68.1 |
61.1 |
74.6 |
42 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
78.4 |
87.8 |
22 |
80.7 |
70.8 |
81.5 |
49.8 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
72.2 |
82.1 |
10.9 |
73.2 |
62.6 |
78.5 |
41.7 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
70 |
80 |
5 |
60 |
55 |
60 |
35 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
87.8 |
94.2 |
30.2 |
92.6 |
85.2 |
84.1 |
57.1 |
192 |
| No |
74.7 |
85.6 |
17 |
75.6 |
66 |
79.1 |
46.2 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
58.6 |
67.7 |
5.8 |
58.8 |
51.2 |
65.9 |
39.2 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
66.7 |
84 |
8.1 |
69.7 |
59.4 |
78.5 |
43.4 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
78.8 |
85.3 |
15.6 |
75.4 |
64.1 |
81 |
44 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
85.1 |
91.3 |
26.6 |
84.4 |
74.3 |
83.4 |
51.7 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
84.6 |
93 |
29.4 |
90 |
83.5 |
85.1 |
53.4 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
94 |
92 |
40 |
94 |
82 |
88 |
58 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
66.1 |
76.9 |
9.5 |
65.7 |
57.2 |
73 |
41.4 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
78.6 |
86.7 |
18.5 |
79.3 |
67.3 |
82.5 |
47 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
83.6 |
92.1 |
27.9 |
87.1 |
79.4 |
83.7 |
54.6 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
92 |
93.2 |
35.2 |
92 |
87.5 |
79.5 |
51.1 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
78.2 |
85.5 |
19.1 |
74.8 |
68.5 |
76.1 |
38.5 |
332 |
| Mountain |
70.7 |
75.9 |
15.9 |
75.9 |
65.9 |
79.3 |
38.8 |
234 |
| West North Central |
65.3 |
81.9 |
18.7 |
68.1 |
61 |
74.8 |
49.7 |
335 |
| East North Central |
75.2 |
90.1 |
21.6 |
79.9 |
68.7 |
80.9 |
50.6 |
406 |
| West South Central |
74.5 |
80.5 |
11.3 |
69.5 |
67.2 |
76.5 |
41.4 |
317 |
| East South Central |
75.2 |
85 |
11.1 |
67.3 |
59.5 |
75.8 |
47.7 |
157 |
| New England |
81.7 |
91.7 |
21.7 |
86.7 |
76.7 |
88.3 |
57.5 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
78.9 |
92.2 |
16.5 |
86.2 |
70.2 |
83 |
50 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
76.4 |
76.7 |
16.2 |
75.3 |
62.2 |
77.5 |
47.9 |
374 |
| Table 7.3a: Documentation of breastfeeding practices by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility document rates of breastfeeding among patients |
| Yes, rates are assessed |
Only intention at admission |
No/not sure |
N |
| All |
81.6 |
10.7 |
7.7 |
2467 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
90.4 |
0.6 |
9 |
167 |
| Government hospital |
79 |
9.2 |
11.8 |
458 |
| Non-profit hospital |
83.1 |
10.9 |
6 |
1519 |
| Private hospital |
72.6 |
17.5 |
9.9 |
303 |
| Military hospital |
90 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
93.2 |
5.8 |
1 |
191 |
| No |
79.8 |
11.9 |
8.3 |
2109 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
73.4 |
11.2 |
15.4 |
564 |
| 250-499 |
81.2 |
11.4 |
7.4 |
457 |
| 500-999 |
80.8 |
12.6 |
6.5 |
475 |
| 1000-1999 |
84.9 |
10.5 |
4.5 |
484 |
| 2000-4999 |
88.6 |
7.8 |
3.7 |
437 |
| 5000 or more |
92 |
6 |
2 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
78.1 |
11.3 |
10.6 |
1102 |
| Level 2 special care |
82 |
11.4 |
6.6 |
737 |
| Level 3 NICU |
86.6 |
9.1 |
4.3 |
538 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
91.1 |
6.7 |
2.2 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
89.6 |
4.9 |
5.5 |
328 |
| Mountain |
72.9 |
16.6 |
10.5 |
229 |
| West North Central |
73.7 |
14.5 |
11.8 |
331 |
| East North Central |
85.9 |
9.7 |
4.5 |
404 |
| West South Central |
75.5 |
9.7 |
14.8 |
310 |
| East South Central |
84 |
10.3 |
5.8 |
156 |
| New England |
85.8 |
11.7 |
2.5 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
88 |
9.7 |
2.3 |
217 |
| South Atlantic |
81.2 |
11 |
7.8 |
372 |
| Table 7.4a: Supports offered to breastfeeding staff members by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Designated room to express milk |
On-site childcare |
Electric breast pump provided |
Permission to use breaks to express milk |
Breastfeeding support group |
Lactation consultant available |
Paid maternity leave |
N |
| All |
88.4 |
11.4 |
81.9 |
98.2 |
29.2 |
76.2 |
36.6 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
70.4 |
8.3 |
37.5 |
88.8 |
37.7 |
65.2 |
25.9 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
85.9 |
8.9 |
75.5 |
98.1 |
22.2 |
68.5 |
29.9 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
91.6 |
14.2 |
88 |
99 |
31.5 |
80.9 |
40 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
85.7 |
2.6 |
84.4 |
99.7 |
23.9 |
69.4 |
34.3 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
95 |
15 |
80 |
95 |
35 |
80 |
50 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
98.4 |
26.5 |
92.7 |
99 |
30.9 |
90.6 |
35.4 |
192 |
| No |
88.9 |
10.3 |
84.3 |
98.8 |
28.4 |
75.7 |
37.5 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
73.3 |
6.1 |
56.3 |
94.7 |
20.5 |
59.7 |
31.6 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
85.2 |
4.6 |
84 |
98.7 |
24.8 |
69.6 |
38.9 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
90.8 |
7.2 |
87.9 |
99.4 |
30.1 |
78.2 |
35 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
96.7 |
17.6 |
91.2 |
99.4 |
34.4 |
88.3 |
34.1 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
98.2 |
20.1 |
94.1 |
99.3 |
38 |
87 |
44.1 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
98 |
36 |
96 |
100 |
32 |
88 |
42 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
80.7 |
5.5 |
71.1 |
96.8 |
24.2 |
66.5 |
36 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
91.8 |
11.7 |
89 |
99.5 |
31.6 |
79.9 |
35 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
98 |
19.3 |
92.6 |
99.3 |
34.8 |
88.7 |
40.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
97.8 |
33.7 |
92.1 |
97.8 |
37.1 |
88.9 |
34.8 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
89.7 |
7.4 |
80.7 |
97.3 |
28.9 |
70.5 |
52.8 |
332 |
| Mountain |
79.3 |
11.3 |
78 |
98.7 |
25.3 |
72.2 |
35.1 |
234 |
| West North Central |
88.6 |
10.5 |
73.4 |
99.4 |
26.2 |
72.4 |
35.4 |
335 |
| East North Central |
93.3 |
11.9 |
88.9 |
99.3 |
33.8 |
84.4 |
42.2 |
406 |
| West South Central |
86 |
7.4 |
78 |
94.9 |
22.6 |
69.6 |
25.6 |
317 |
| East South Central |
83.3 |
9.2 |
78.2 |
98.7 |
17 |
71.3 |
25.2 |
157 |
| New England |
91.7 |
13.6 |
92.5 |
99.2 |
43.7 |
85.8 |
33.1 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
94 |
16.2 |
90.4 |
99.1 |
34.4 |
82.6 |
40 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
87.3 |
16.2 |
82.2 |
98.1 |
32.6 |
78.8 |
31.1 |
374 |
| Table 7.5a: Facility's receipt of free formula by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility receive infant formula free of charge |
| Yes |
No |
Not sure |
N |
| All |
64.5 |
32.4 |
3.1 |
2485 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
11.3 |
88.1 |
0.6 |
168 |
| Government hospital |
69.4 |
27.1 |
3.5 |
461 |
| Non-profit hospital |
66.3 |
30.9 |
2.9 |
1529 |
| Private hospital |
81.1 |
14.3 |
4.6 |
307 |
| Military hospital |
15 |
80 |
5 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
50.5 |
49 |
0.5 |
192 |
| No |
70 |
26.5 |
3.5 |
2125 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
57 |
38.2 |
4.8 |
568 |
| 250-499 |
74.1 |
22.2 |
3.7 |
460 |
| 500-999 |
73.8 |
23.2 |
2.9 |
478 |
| 1000-1999 |
65.5 |
31.4 |
3.1 |
487 |
| 2000-4999 |
55.2 |
44.1 |
0.7 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
46 |
54 |
0 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
64 |
32.6 |
3.4 |
1112 |
| Level 2 special care |
71.7 |
24.4 |
3.9 |
743 |
| Level 3 NICU |
59.1 |
39.6 |
1.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
44.4 |
53.3 |
2.2 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
36.9 |
58.8 |
4.3 |
328 |
| Mountain |
57.1 |
36.9 |
6 |
233 |
| West North Central |
73.1 |
23.1 |
3.9 |
334 |
| East North Central |
71.2 |
26.1 |
2.7 |
406 |
| West South Central |
68.7 |
29.1 |
2.2 |
316 |
| East South Central |
87.3 |
10.2 |
2.5 |
157 |
| New England |
52.5 |
45.8 |
1.7 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
69.3 |
28.4 |
2.3 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
66.8 |
31.6 |
1.6 |
373 |
| Table 7.6a: Inclusion of breastfeeding in prenatal patient education by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility include breastfeeding as component of prenatal education |
| Yes |
No/not sure |
N |
| All |
91.2 |
8.8 |
2405 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
82.3 |
17.7 |
158 |
| Government hospital |
85.2 |
14.8 |
453 |
| Non-profit hospital |
94.5 |
5.5 |
1479 |
| Private hospital |
88.1 |
11.9 |
295 |
| Military hospital |
100 |
0 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
95.2 |
4.8 |
186 |
| No |
91.5 |
8.5 |
2061 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
80.7 |
19.3 |
543 |
| 250-499 |
88.5 |
11.5 |
444 |
| 500-999 |
95.1 |
4.9 |
466 |
| 1000-1999 |
95.8 |
4.2 |
475 |
| 2000-4999 |
97.2 |
2.8 |
430 |
| 5000 or more |
97.9 |
2.1 |
47 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
86.4 |
13.6 |
1070 |
| Level 2 special care |
94.3 |
5.7 |
723 |
| Level 3 NICU |
95.8 |
4.2 |
525 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
96.6 |
3.4 |
87 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
87 |
13 |
322 |
| Mountain |
87.4 |
12.6 |
223 |
| West North Central |
94.1 |
5.9 |
320 |
| East North Central |
96.5 |
3.5 |
398 |
| West South Central |
83.7 |
16.3 |
306 |
| East South Central |
93.2 |
6.8 |
146 |
| New England |
97.4 |
2.6 |
115 |
| Middle Atlantic |
96.7 |
3.3 |
212 |
| South Atlantic |
89.3 |
10.7 |
363 |
| Table 7.7a: Existence of a designated lactation coordinator by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility have a designated lactation coordinator |
| Yes |
No |
N |
| All |
72.3 |
27.7 |
2445 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
44.2 |
55.8 |
163 |
| Government hospital |
65.9 |
34.1 |
454 |
| Non-profit hospital |
78.1 |
21.9 |
1503 |
| Private hospital |
67.5 |
32.5 |
305 |
| Military hospital |
85 |
15 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
88.8 |
11.2 |
187 |
| No |
73 |
27 |
2095 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
50.3 |
49.7 |
553 |
| 250-499 |
62 |
38 |
453 |
| 500-999 |
76.9 |
23.1 |
472 |
| 1000-1999 |
86.5 |
13.5 |
483 |
| 2000-4999 |
88.3 |
11.7 |
435 |
| 5000 or more |
89.8 |
10.2 |
49 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
59.7 |
40.3 |
1086 |
| Level 2 special care |
79.2 |
20.8 |
739 |
| Level 3 NICU |
87 |
13 |
531 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
82 |
18 |
89 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
73.1 |
26.9 |
327 |
| Mountain |
65.6 |
34.4 |
227 |
| West North Central |
70.9 |
29.1 |
327 |
| East North Central |
78.1 |
21.9 |
402 |
| West South Central |
62.8 |
37.2 |
312 |
| East South Central |
69.7 |
30.3 |
155 |
| New England |
76.9 |
23.1 |
117 |
| Middle Atlantic |
83 |
17 |
212 |
| South Atlantic |
72.1 |
27.9 |
366 |
Asking about mothers' feeding plans |
Early initiation of breastfeeding |
Teaching lactation maintenance during separation |
Exclusive breastfeeding |
24 hr/day rooming-in |
Breastfeeding on-demand |
Pacifier use |
Referral of mothers with breastfeeding problems |
N |
| All |
62 |
62 |
88 |
89.1 |
79.6 |
76.8 |
75.6 |
87.9 |
69.2 |
78.9 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
56.1 |
76.1 |
90.2 |
92.7 |
64.6 |
42.3 |
67.1 |
84.8 |
42.4 |
87.3 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
59 |
54.6 |
84.5 |
84.2 |
71.7 |
75.1 |
72.7 |
87.8 |
67.7 |
74 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
63.9 |
64.2 |
88.7 |
90.4 |
84.1 |
81 |
77.6 |
89 |
73.1 |
80.5 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
60 |
53.5 |
88.7 |
87.5 |
77.5 |
77 |
72.8 |
84.1 |
65 |
72.7 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
73.7 |
75 |
83.3 |
94.7 |
78.9 |
78.9 |
95 |
84.2 |
89.5 |
84.2 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
77.9 |
75.3 |
96.3 |
98.4 |
95.2 |
91.4 |
88.9 |
95.7 |
87.8 |
92.5 |
192 |
| No |
61 |
59.7 |
87.1 |
87.9 |
79.4 |
78.2 |
75 |
87.4 |
69.6 |
76.9 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
45.7 |
53.3 |
82.7 |
82 |
62.2 |
57.3 |
68.7 |
79.8 |
49.4 |
69.3 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
55.1 |
56.4 |
86.6 |
84.3 |
72.6 |
72.9 |
68.2 |
84.3 |
65.2 |
73.5 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
60.4 |
57.9 |
86.7 |
87.3 |
79.9 |
77.8 |
72.6 |
86.8 |
67.8 |
74.9 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
72 |
69.3 |
89.4 |
95.2 |
90.5 |
87.6 |
84.1 |
93.9 |
80.2 |
86.3 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
77.1 |
73 |
94.5 |
96.8 |
93.6 |
90.7 |
83.9 |
95.2 |
85.2 |
90 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
87 |
83.7 |
100 |
98 |
96 |
85.7 |
87.8 |
95.9 |
86 |
98 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
51.9 |
56.9 |
85.4 |
85.2 |
69.6 |
67.4 |
70.6 |
83.3 |
59.2 |
73.1 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
65.4 |
60.5 |
87.3 |
89.5 |
82.9 |
81.3 |
75.2 |
89.3 |
72 |
78.2 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
74.6 |
72.2 |
93.2 |
94.7 |
92.3 |
87.3 |
84.1 |
94 |
82.8 |
89.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
82.4 |
78.3 |
94.3 |
98.9 |
95.5 |
91.9 |
87.5 |
95.3 |
86.2 |
92 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
|
65.5 |
91.1 |
96.3 |
84.9 |
81.6 |
90 |
94.7 |
72.3 |
88.5 |
332 |
| Mountain |
62.3 |
60.6 |
86.3 |
88.9 |
74.4 |
71.6 |
80.3 |
86.7 |
62 |
78.2 |
234 |
| West North Central |
45.5 |
59.4 |
81.7 |
84.3 |
71.2 |
71.1 |
67.3 |
83.5 |
64.3 |
67.3 |
335 |
| East North Central |
62.2 |
61.9 |
88.7 |
91.2 |
83.1 |
80.8 |
71.6 |
91.4 |
73.3 |
81.3 |
406 |
| West South Central |
65.7 |
55.3 |
83 |
81.4 |
76.7 |
70.1 |
69.6 |
80.1 |
64.5 |
71.8 |
317 |
| East South Central |
48.9 |
49.3 |
85.1 |
77.5 |
64.9 |
62.9 |
57.7 |
76.5 |
54.8 |
61.4 |
157 |
| New England |
64.1 |
69.2 |
94.1 |
97.5 |
86.7 |
90.8 |
85.6 |
91.7 |
83.3 |
89.1 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
69.3 |
76.7 |
95.3 |
96.3 |
91.9 |
92.5 |
85.8 |
95.3 |
84.8 |
91.1 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
65.2 |
62.3 |
90 |
88.7 |
80.7 |
74 |
74.4 |
87.7 |
66.4 |
80.2 |
374 |
| Table 7.2a: Modes used to inform staff of breastfeeding policies by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
In-service training |
Policy is posted |
Newsletter |
New staff training |
New staff orientation |
Staff meeting |
Word of mouth |
N |
| All |
74.6 |
83.8 |
17.1 |
75.4 |
66.2 |
78.5 |
46.3 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
58.3 |
47.9 |
4.3 |
52.8 |
46 |
63.8 |
35.6 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
69.7 |
84.7 |
10.2 |
68.1 |
61.1 |
74.6 |
42 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
78.4 |
87.8 |
22 |
80.7 |
70.8 |
81.5 |
49.8 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
72.2 |
82.1 |
10.9 |
73.2 |
62.6 |
78.5 |
41.7 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
70 |
80 |
5 |
60 |
55 |
60 |
35 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
87.8 |
94.2 |
30.2 |
92.6 |
85.2 |
84.1 |
57.1 |
192 |
| No |
74.7 |
85.6 |
17 |
75.6 |
66 |
79.1 |
46.2 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
58.6 |
67.7 |
5.8 |
58.8 |
51.2 |
65.9 |
39.2 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
66.7 |
84 |
8.1 |
69.7 |
59.4 |
78.5 |
43.4 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
78.8 |
85.3 |
15.6 |
75.4 |
64.1 |
81 |
44 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
85.1 |
91.3 |
26.6 |
84.4 |
74.3 |
83.4 |
51.7 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
84.6 |
93 |
29.4 |
90 |
83.5 |
85.1 |
53.4 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
94 |
92 |
40 |
94 |
82 |
88 |
58 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
66.1 |
76.9 |
9.5 |
65.7 |
57.2 |
73 |
41.4 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
78.6 |
86.7 |
18.5 |
79.3 |
67.3 |
82.5 |
47 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
83.6 |
92.1 |
27.9 |
87.1 |
79.4 |
83.7 |
54.6 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
92 |
93.2 |
35.2 |
92 |
87.5 |
79.5 |
51.1 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
78.2 |
85.5 |
19.1 |
74.8 |
68.5 |
76.1 |
38.5 |
332 |
| Mountain |
70.7 |
75.9 |
15.9 |
75.9 |
65.9 |
79.3 |
38.8 |
234 |
| West North Central |
65.3 |
81.9 |
18.7 |
68.1 |
61 |
74.8 |
49.7 |
335 |
| East North Central |
75.2 |
90.1 |
21.6 |
79.9 |
68.7 |
80.9 |
50.6 |
406 |
| West South Central |
74.5 |
80.5 |
11.3 |
69.5 |
67.2 |
76.5 |
41.4 |
317 |
| East South Central |
75.2 |
85 |
11.1 |
67.3 |
59.5 |
75.8 |
47.7 |
157 |
| New England |
81.7 |
91.7 |
21.7 |
86.7 |
76.7 |
88.3 |
57.5 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
78.9 |
92.2 |
16.5 |
86.2 |
70.2 |
83 |
50 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
76.4 |
76.7 |
16.2 |
75.3 |
62.2 |
77.5 |
47.9 |
374 |
| Table 7.3a: Documentation of breastfeeding practices by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility document rates of breastfeeding among patients |
| Yes, rates are assessed |
Only intention at admission |
No/not sure |
N |
| All |
81.6 |
10.7 |
7.7 |
2467 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
90.4 |
0.6 |
9 |
167 |
| Government hospital |
79 |
9.2 |
11.8 |
458 |
| Non-profit hospital |
83.1 |
10.9 |
6 |
1519 |
| Private hospital |
72.6 |
17.5 |
9.9 |
303 |
| Military hospital |
90 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
93.2 |
5.8 |
1 |
191 |
| No |
79.8 |
11.9 |
8.3 |
2109 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
73.4 |
11.2 |
15.4 |
564 |
| 250-499 |
81.2 |
11.4 |
7.4 |
457 |
| 500-999 |
80.8 |
12.6 |
6.5 |
475 |
| 1000-1999 |
84.9 |
10.5 |
4.5 |
484 |
| 2000-4999 |
88.6 |
7.8 |
3.7 |
437 |
| 5000 or more |
92 |
6 |
2 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
78.1 |
11.3 |
10.6 |
1102 |
| Level 2 special care |
82 |
11.4 |
6.6 |
737 |
| Level 3 NICU |
86.6 |
9.1 |
4.3 |
538 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
91.1 |
6.7 |
2.2 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
89.6 |
4.9 |
5.5 |
328 |
| Mountain |
72.9 |
16.6 |
10.5 |
229 |
| West North Central |
73.7 |
14.5 |
11.8 |
331 |
| East North Central |
85.9 |
9.7 |
4.5 |
404 |
| West South Central |
75.5 |
9.7 |
14.8 |
310 |
| East South Central |
84 |
10.3 |
5.8 |
156 |
| New England |
85.8 |
11.7 |
2.5 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
88 |
9.7 |
2.3 |
217 |
| South Atlantic |
81.2 |
11 |
7.8 |
372 |
| Table 7.4a: Supports offered to breastfeeding staff members by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Designated room to express milk |
On-site childcare |
Electric breast pump provided |
Permission to use breaks to express milk |
Breastfeeding support group |
Lactation consultant available |
Paid maternity leave |
N |
| All |
88.4 |
11.4 |
81.9 |
98.2 |
29.2 |
76.2 |
36.6 |
2493 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
70.4 |
8.3 |
37.5 |
88.8 |
37.7 |
65.2 |
25.9 |
169 |
| Government hospital |
85.9 |
8.9 |
75.5 |
98.1 |
22.2 |
68.5 |
29.9 |
463 |
| Non-profit hospital |
91.6 |
14.2 |
88 |
99 |
31.5 |
80.9 |
40 |
1532 |
| Private hospital |
85.7 |
2.6 |
84.4 |
99.7 |
23.9 |
69.4 |
34.3 |
309 |
| Military hospital |
95 |
15 |
80 |
95 |
35 |
80 |
50 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
98.4 |
26.5 |
92.7 |
99 |
30.9 |
90.6 |
35.4 |
192 |
| No |
88.9 |
10.3 |
84.3 |
98.8 |
28.4 |
75.7 |
37.5 |
2132 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
73.3 |
6.1 |
56.3 |
94.7 |
20.5 |
59.7 |
31.6 |
571 |
| 250-499 |
85.2 |
4.6 |
84 |
98.7 |
24.8 |
69.6 |
38.9 |
463 |
| 500-999 |
90.8 |
7.2 |
87.9 |
99.4 |
30.1 |
78.2 |
35 |
479 |
| 1000-1999 |
96.7 |
17.6 |
91.2 |
99.4 |
34.4 |
88.3 |
34.1 |
488 |
| 2000-4999 |
98.2 |
20.1 |
94.1 |
99.3 |
38 |
87 |
44.1 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
98 |
36 |
96 |
100 |
32 |
88 |
42 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
80.7 |
5.5 |
71.1 |
96.8 |
24.2 |
66.5 |
36 |
1116 |
| Level 2 special care |
91.8 |
11.7 |
89 |
99.5 |
31.6 |
79.9 |
35 |
747 |
| Level 3 NICU |
98 |
19.3 |
92.6 |
99.3 |
34.8 |
88.7 |
40.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
97.8 |
33.7 |
92.1 |
97.8 |
37.1 |
88.9 |
34.8 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
89.7 |
7.4 |
80.7 |
97.3 |
28.9 |
70.5 |
52.8 |
332 |
| Mountain |
79.3 |
11.3 |
78 |
98.7 |
25.3 |
72.2 |
35.1 |
234 |
| West North Central |
88.6 |
10.5 |
73.4 |
99.4 |
26.2 |
72.4 |
35.4 |
335 |
| East North Central |
93.3 |
11.9 |
88.9 |
99.3 |
33.8 |
84.4 |
42.2 |
406 |
| West South Central |
86 |
7.4 |
78 |
94.9 |
22.6 |
69.6 |
25.6 |
317 |
| East South Central |
83.3 |
9.2 |
78.2 |
98.7 |
17 |
71.3 |
25.2 |
157 |
| New England |
91.7 |
13.6 |
92.5 |
99.2 |
43.7 |
85.8 |
33.1 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
94 |
16.2 |
90.4 |
99.1 |
34.4 |
82.6 |
40 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
87.3 |
16.2 |
82.2 |
98.1 |
32.6 |
78.8 |
31.1 |
374 |
| Table 7.5a: Facility's receipt of free formula by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility receive infant formula free of charge |
| Yes |
No |
Not sure |
N |
| All |
64.5 |
32.4 |
3.1 |
2485 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
11.3 |
88.1 |
0.6 |
168 |
| Government hospital |
69.4 |
27.1 |
3.5 |
461 |
| Non-profit hospital |
66.3 |
30.9 |
2.9 |
1529 |
| Private hospital |
81.1 |
14.3 |
4.6 |
307 |
| Military hospital |
15 |
80 |
5 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
50.5 |
49 |
0.5 |
192 |
| No |
70 |
26.5 |
3.5 |
2125 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
57 |
38.2 |
4.8 |
568 |
| 250-499 |
74.1 |
22.2 |
3.7 |
460 |
| 500-999 |
73.8 |
23.2 |
2.9 |
478 |
| 1000-1999 |
65.5 |
31.4 |
3.1 |
487 |
| 2000-4999 |
55.2 |
44.1 |
0.7 |
442 |
| 5000 or more |
46 |
54 |
0 |
50 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
64 |
32.6 |
3.4 |
1112 |
| Level 2 special care |
71.7 |
24.4 |
3.9 |
743 |
| Level 3 NICU |
59.1 |
39.6 |
1.3 |
540 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
44.4 |
53.3 |
2.2 |
90 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
36.9 |
58.8 |
4.3 |
328 |
| Mountain |
57.1 |
36.9 |
6 |
233 |
| West North Central |
73.1 |
23.1 |
3.9 |
334 |
| East North Central |
71.2 |
26.1 |
2.7 |
406 |
| West South Central |
68.7 |
29.1 |
2.2 |
316 |
| East South Central |
87.3 |
10.2 |
2.5 |
157 |
| New England |
52.5 |
45.8 |
1.7 |
120 |
| Middle Atlantic |
69.3 |
28.4 |
2.3 |
218 |
| South Atlantic |
66.8 |
31.6 |
1.6 |
373 |
| Table 7.6a: Inclusion of breastfeeding in prenatal patient education by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility include breastfeeding as component of prenatal education |
| Yes |
No/not sure |
N |
| All |
91.2 |
8.8 |
2405 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
82.3 |
17.7 |
158 |
| Government hospital |
85.2 |
14.8 |
453 |
| Non-profit hospital |
94.5 |
5.5 |
1479 |
| Private hospital |
88.1 |
11.9 |
295 |
| Military hospital |
100 |
0 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
95.2 |
4.8 |
186 |
| No |
91.5 |
8.5 |
2061 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
80.7 |
19.3 |
543 |
| 250-499 |
88.5 |
11.5 |
444 |
| 500-999 |
95.1 |
4.9 |
466 |
| 1000-1999 |
95.8 |
4.2 |
475 |
| 2000-4999 |
97.2 |
2.8 |
430 |
| 5000 or more |
97.9 |
2.1 |
47 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
86.4 |
13.6 |
1070 |
| Level 2 special care |
94.3 |
5.7 |
723 |
| Level 3 NICU |
95.8 |
4.2 |
525 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
96.6 |
3.4 |
87 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
87 |
13 |
322 |
| Mountain |
87.4 |
12.6 |
223 |
| West North Central |
94.1 |
5.9 |
320 |
| East North Central |
96.5 |
3.5 |
398 |
| West South Central |
83.7 |
16.3 |
306 |
| East South Central |
93.2 |
6.8 |
146 |
| New England |
97.4 |
2.6 |
115 |
| Middle Atlantic |
96.7 |
3.3 |
212 |
| South Atlantic |
89.3 |
10.7 |
363 |
| Table 7.7a: Existence of a designated lactation coordinator by facility type, size, NICU level, and region |
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015 |
| |
Does the facility have a designated lactation coordinator |
| Yes |
No |
N |
| All |
72.3 |
27.7 |
2445 |
| Type of facility |
| Birth center |
44.2 |
55.8 |
163 |
| Government hospital |
65.9 |
34.1 |
454 |
| Non-profit hospital |
78.1 |
21.9 |
1503 |
| Private hospital |
67.5 |
32.5 |
305 |
| Military hospital |
85 |
15 |
20 |
| Teaching hospital |
| Yes |
88.8 |
11.2 |
187 |
| No |
73 |
27 |
2095 |
| Size of facility |
| 1-249 |
50.3 |
49.7 |
553 |
| 250-499 |
62 |
38 |
453 |
| 500-999 |
76.9 |
23.1 |
472 |
| 1000-1999 |
86.5 |
13.5 |
483 |
| 2000-4999 |
88.3 |
11.7 |
435 |
| 5000 or more |
89.8 |
10.2 |
49 |
| Level of Neonatal Care |
| Healthy newborn only |
59.7 |
40.3 |
1086 |
| Level 2 special care |
79.2 |
20.8 |
739 |
| Level 3 NICU |
87 |
13 |
531 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU |
82 |
18 |
89 |
| Census region |
| Pacific |
73.1 |
26.9 |
327 |
| Mountain |
65.6 |
34.4 |
227 |
| West North Central |
70.9 |
29.1 |
327 |
| East North Central |
78.1 |
21.9 |
402 |
| West South Central |
62.8 |
37.2 |
312 |
| East South Central |
69.7 |
30.3 |
155 |
| New England |
76.9 |
23.1 |
117 |
| Middle Atlantic |
83 |
17 |
212 |
| South Atlantic |
72.1 |
27.9 |
366 |