Table 1.1b: Skin-to-skin contact among vaginal births, by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015
  How many patients experience mother-infant skin-to-skin contact for at least 30 minutes within 1 hour of uncomplicated vaginal birth
Few Some Many Most Not sure N
All 1.4 3.5 11.9 82.9 0.3 2579
State
AK 0.0 4.8 4.8 85.7 4.8 21
AL 0.0 7.3 17.1 75.6 0.0 41
AR 8.8 11.8 17.6 61.8 0.0 34
AZ 2.4 7.3 14.6 75.6 0.0 41
CA 0.0 0.0 6.0 94.0 0.0 199
CO 0.0 2.1 4.3 93.6 0.0 47
CT 8.7 0.0 0.0 91.3 0.0 23
DC 0.0 0.0 25.0 75.0 0.0 4
DE 0.0 0.0 14.3 85.7 0.0 7
FL 0.0 5.5 11.0 83.5 0.0 109
GA 0.0 3.3 18.3 78.3 0.0 60
HI 0.0 0.0 16.7 83.3 0.0 12
IA 1.4 5.6 19.4 73.6 0.0 72
ID 0.0 3.4 10.3 86.2 0.0 29
IL 1.1 1.1 9.2 88.5 0.0 87
IN 1.1 1.1 6.7 89.9 1.1 89
IT* 0.0 0.0 16.7 83.3 0.0 6
KS 1.6 6.3 21.9 70.3 0.0 64
KY 0.0 0.0 5.4 94.6 0.0 37
LA 0.0 6.3 14.6 79.2 0.0 48
MA 0.0 0.0 2.4 97.6 0.0 42
MD 0.0 0.0 22.6 77.4 0.0 31
ME 0.0 0.0 3.7 96.3 0.0 27
MI 0.0 2.7 17.8 78.1 1.4 73
MN 0.0 1.3 12.0 86.7 0.0 75
MO 1.9 1.9 20.8 75.5 0.0 53
MS 6.7 13.3 16.7 60.0 3.3 30
MT 0.0 3.6 14.3 82.1 0.0 28
NC 0.0 6.7 18.3 75.0 0.0 60
ND 0.0 0.0 27.3 72.7 0.0 11
NE 6.3 4.2 16.7 72.9 0.0 48
NH 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 18
NJ 0.0 0.0 10.3 89.7 0.0 39
NM 0.0 0.0 3.7 96.3 0.0 27
NV 0.0 16.7 0.0 83.3 0.0 12
NY 1.0 3.1 12.2 81.6 2.0 98
OH 0.0 6.7 15.6 77.8 0.0 90
OK 2.3 4.7 7.0 86.0 0.0 43
OR 2.2 0.0 6.5 91.3 0.0 46
PA 2.3 6.9 12.6 78.2 0.0 87
PR 0.0 5.6 16.7 77.8 0.0 18
RI 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 5
SC 3.1 6.3 9.4 81.3 0.0 32
SD 0.0 10.5 15.8 73.7 0.0 19
TN 3.5 8.8 12.3 75.4 0.0 57
TX 4.9 5.4 13.2 76.5 0.0 204
UT 2.7 0.0 10.8 86.5 0.0 37
VA 2.1 0.0 12.5 85.4 0.0 48
VT 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 11
WA 0.0 0.0 12.1 86.2 1.7 58
WI 0.0 2.4 8.5 89.0 0.0 82
WV 0.0 0.0 8.7 91.3 0.0 23
WY 0.0 0.0 11.8 88.2 0.0 17
*State abbreviation 'IT' is Island Territories, and includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and US Virgin Islands.
Table 1.2b: Skin-to-skin contact among Cesarean births, by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015
  How many patients experience mother-infant skin-to-skin contact for at least 30 minutes within 2 hours of uncomplicated Cesarean birth
Few Some Many Most Not sure N
All 5.5 9.0 15.4 69.9 0.3 2384
State
AK 9.1 0.0 0.0 90.9 0.0 11
AL 7.3 14.6 26.8 51.2 0.0 41
AR 17.6 20.6 14.7 44.1 2.9 34
AZ 3.0 15.2 12.1 69.7 0.0 33
CA 3.3 4.9 13.7 78.1 0.0 183
CO 0.0 4.5 15.9 79.5 0.0 44
CT 4.5 0.0 13.6 81.8 0.0 22
DC 0.0 25.0 75.0 0.0 0.0 4
DE 16.7 0.0 0.0 83.3 0.0 6
FL 4.6 11.5 25.3 58.6 0.0 87
GA 5.1 18.6 16.9 59.3 0.0 59
HI 0.0 20.0 20.0 60.0 0.0 10
IA 2.8 7.0 16.9 71.8 1.4 71
ID 8.0 8.0 16.0 68.0 0.0 25
IL 4.6 4.6 8.0 82.8 0.0 87
IN 5.9 11.8 5.9 76.5 0.0 85
IT* 60.0 0.0 0.0 40.0 0.0 5
KS 1.7 5.1 13.6 79.7 0.0 59
KY 5.6 5.6 13.9 75.0 0.0 36
LA 8.7 8.7 21.7 60.9 0.0 46
MA 0.0 2.6 7.7 89.7 0.0 39
MD 3.4 10.3 13.8 72.4 0.0 29
ME 0.0 4.0 24.0 72.0 0.0 25
MI 1.4 8.5 21.1 67.6 1.4 71
MN 1.4 2.9 14.5 81.2 0.0 69
MO 3.9 3.9 13.7 78.4 0.0 51
MS 23.3 20.0 16.7 40.0 0.0 30
MT 9.1 9.1 4.5 77.3 0.0 22
NC 7.0 19.3 22.8 50.9 0.0 57
ND 9.1 9.1 9.1 72.7 0.0 11
NE 2.1 12.5 14.6 68.8 2.1 48
NH 5.6 0.0 16.7 77.8 0.0 18
NJ 2.6 2.6 0.0 94.9 0.0 39
NM 4.5 9.1 27.3 59.1 0.0 22
NV 8.3 16.7 16.7 58.3 0.0 12
NY 7.3 11.5 16.7 62.5 2.1 96
OH 0.0 10.3 18.4 71.3 0.0 87
OK 0.0 7.0 16.3 76.7 0.0 43
OR 2.4 2.4 12.2 82.9 0.0 41
PA 8.5 14.6 12.2 64.6 0.0 82
PR 38.9 16.7 22.2 16.7 5.6 18
RI 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 5
SC 6.5 6.5 35.5 51.6 0.0 31
SD 11.1 0.0 22.2 66.7 0.0 18
TN 9.4 15.1 18.9 56.6 0.0 53
TX 9.5 12.4 16.6 61.5 0.0 169
UT 3.2 6.5 16.1 74.2 0.0 31
VA 7.0 4.7 9.3 79.1 0.0 43
VT 0.0 0.0 30.0 70.0 0.0 10
WA 3.9 3.9 13.7 78.4 0.0 51
WI 2.6 7.9 10.5 78.9 0.0 76
WV 13.6 13.6 4.5 68.2 0.0 22
WY 0.0 0.0 5.9 94.1 0.0 17

*State abbreviation 'IT' is Island Territories, and includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and US Virgin Islands.

Facilities not performing Cesareans are not included in these tabulations.

Table 1.3b: Early breastfeeding initiation among vaginal births, by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015
  What percent of healthy breastfed infants are put to the breast within 1 hour of uncomplicated vaginal birth
<10% 10-49% 50-89% 90% or more N
All 0.9 3.8 25.9 69.3 2548
State
AK 0.0 0.0 30.0 70.0 20
AL 0.0 7.3 46.3 46.3 41
AR 5.9 8.8 41.2 44.1 34
AZ 2.4 4.9 22.0 70.7 41
CA 0.0 3.0 22.8 74.1 197
CO 0.0 2.1 25.5 72.3 47
CT 0.0 4.3 13.0 82.6 23
DC 0.0 0.0 25.0 75.0 4
DE 0.0 0.0 57.1 42.9 7
FL 0.0 2.8 23.1 74.1 108
GA 0.0 6.7 38.3 55.0 60
HI 0.0 0.0 18.2 81.8 11
IA 2.8 2.8 25.4 69.0 71
ID 0.0 0.0 21.4 78.6 28
IL 3.4 3.4 29.9 63.2 87
IN 0.0 3.4 25.0 71.6 88
IT* 0.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 6
KS 0.0 1.6 19.0 79.4 63
KY 2.7 5.4 21.6 70.3 37
LA 0.0 8.3 41.7 50.0 48
MA 0.0 2.4 14.3 83.3 42
MD 0.0 3.2 25.8 71.0 31
ME 0.0 3.7 3.7 92.6 27
MI 0.0 4.2 20.8 75.0 72
MN 0.0 4.0 26.7 69.3 75
MO 0.0 3.8 22.6 73.6 53
MS 3.4 13.8 34.5 48.3 29
MT 0.0 7.4 18.5 74.1 27
NC 1.7 6.8 35.6 55.9 59
ND 0.0 0.0 27.3 72.7 11
NE 2.2 8.7 17.4 71.7 46
NH 5.6 0.0 11.1 83.3 18
NJ 0.0 0.0 30.8 69.2 39
NM 0.0 3.8 19.2 76.9 26
NV 8.3 16.7 41.7 33.3 12
NY 2.1 2.1 27.1 68.8 96
OH 0.0 5.7 29.9 64.4 87
OK 0.0 4.7 34.9 60.5 43
OR 0.0 0.0 8.7 91.3 46
PA 0.0 4.7 38.8 56.5 85
PR 5.9 0.0 23.5 70.6 17
RI 0.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 5
SC 0.0 3.1 21.9 75.0 32
SD 0.0 10.5 26.3 63.2 19
TN 3.6 3.6 33.9 58.9 56
TX 2.0 4.4 26.1 67.5 203
UT 0.0 2.8 16.7 80.6 36
VA 0.0 2.1 23.4 74.5 47
VT 0.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 10
WA 0.0 0.0 22.8 77.2 57
WI 0.0 2.4 17.1 80.5 82
WV 0.0 4.5 36.4 59.1 22
WY 0.0 0.0 17.6 82.4 17
*State abbreviation 'IT' is Island Territories, and includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and US Virgin Islands.
Table 1.4b: Early breastfeeding initiation among Cesarean births, by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015
  What percent of healthy breastfed infants are put to the breast within 2 hours of uncomplicated Cesarean birth
<10% 10-49% 50-89% 90% or more N
All 2.7 6.0 23.9 67.4 2361
State
AK 0.0 9.1 18.2 72.7 11
AL 2.5 12.5 30.0 55.0 40
AR 6.1 12.1 27.3 54.5 33
AZ 3.1 3.1 40.6 53.1 32
CA 1.1 6.0 25.8 67.0 182
CO 0.0 2.3 11.4 86.4 44
CT 0.0 0.0 18.2 81.8 22
DC 0.0 0.0 66.7 33.3 3
DE 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 6
FL 0.0 11.5 24.1 64.4 87
GA 1.7 10.2 28.8 59.3 59
HI 10.0 10.0 10.0 70.0 10
IA 1.4 4.3 20.0 74.3 70
ID 0.0 0.0 25.0 75.0 24
IL 2.3 7.0 30.2 60.5 86
IN 4.7 1.2 23.5 70.6 85
IT* 40.0 0.0 60.0 0.0 5
KS 0.0 0.0 6.9 93.1 58
KY 8.1 2.7 27.0 62.2 37
LA 6.5 6.5 26.1 60.9 46
MA 0.0 2.6 7.7 89.7 39
MD 0.0 3.4 31.0 65.5 29
ME 0.0 0.0 20.8 79.2 24
MI 0.0 5.6 19.7 74.6 71
MN 0.0 1.4 17.4 81.2 69
MO 0.0 3.8 23.1 73.1 52
MS 10.0 13.3 33.3 43.3 30
MT 4.5 0.0 18.2 77.3 22
NC 1.8 16.1 25.0 57.1 56
ND 0.0 0.0 45.5 54.5 11
NE 0.0 4.3 21.3 74.5 47
NH 0.0 0.0 16.7 83.3 18
NJ 2.6 7.7 17.9 71.8 39
NM 4.5 4.5 27.3 63.6 22
NV 0.0 41.7 16.7 41.7 12
NY 6.4 8.5 28.7 56.4 94
OH 0.0 1.2 28.2 70.6 85
OK 0.0 4.7 23.3 72.1 43
OR 0.0 0.0 10.0 90.0 40
PA 4.9 8.5 28.0 58.5 82
PR 31.3 25.0 25.0 18.8 16
RI 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 5
SC 6.5 6.5 32.3 54.8 31
SD 10.5 0.0 26.3 63.2 19
TN 1.9 7.7 25.0 65.4 52
TX 6.6 11.4 26.5 55.4 166
UT 0.0 6.7 23.3 70.0 30
VA 0.0 7.1 19.0 73.8 42
VT 0.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 10
WA 2.0 0.0 27.5 70.6 51
WI 0.0 1.3 21.1 77.6 76
WV 9.5 4.8 42.9 42.9 21
WY 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 17

*State abbreviation 'IT' is Island Territories, and includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and US Virgin Islands.

Facilities not performing Cesareans are not included in these tabulations.

Table 1.5b: Performance of routine procedures while skin-to-skin among vaginal births, by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2015
  How often are routine infant procedures performed while mother & infant are skin-to-skin after uncomplicated vaginal birth
Rarely Sometimes Often Almost always Not sure N
All 5.8 15.4 29.0 49.3 0.5 2569
State
AK 0.0 14.3 14.3 66.7 4.8 21
AL 9.8 34.1 31.7 24.4 0.0 41
AR 26.5 23.5 35.3 14.7 0.0 34
AZ 4.9 4.9 39.0 48.8 2.4 41
CA 3.5 9.1 26.8 60.1 0.5 198
CO 0.0 12.8 36.2 51.1 0.0 47
CT 4.3 4.3 21.7 69.6 0.0 23
DC 0.0 50.0 25.0 25.0 0.0 4
DE 0.0 14.3 0.0 85.7 0.0 7
FL 3.7 21.1 19.3 56.0 0.0 109
GA 8.3 25.0 28.3 38.3 0.0 60
HI 0.0 9.1 9.1 72.7 9.1 11
IA 5.6 14.1 38.0 39.4 2.8 71
ID 0.0 10.3 27.6 58.6 3.4 29
IL 4.6 18.4 32.2 44.8 0.0 87
IN 2.2 11.2 25.8 60.7 0.0 89
IT* 0.0 16.7 33.3 50.0 0.0 6
KS 7.8 17.2 26.6 48.4 0.0 64
KY 0.0 2.7 45.9 51.4 0.0 37
LA 4.2 25.0 37.5 33.3 0.0 48
MA 0.0 12.2 24.4 63.4 0.0 41
MD 0.0 25.8 38.7 35.5 0.0 31
ME 0.0 3.7 18.5 77.8 0.0 27
MI 5.6 16.7 33.3 43.1 1.4 72
MN 2.7 10.7 24.0 62.7 0.0 75
MO 5.8 15.4 36.5 42.3 0.0 52
MS 23.3 36.7 20.0 16.7 3.3 30
MT 0.0 7.1 14.3 78.6 0.0 28
NC 1.7 16.7 41.7 38.3 1.7 60
ND 0.0 27.3 45.5 27.3 0.0 11
NE 8.5 17.0 36.2 38.3 0.0 47
NH 0.0 0.0 11.8 88.2 0.0 17
NJ 5.1 17.9 20.5 56.4 0.0 39
NM 7.4 11.1 18.5 63.0 0.0 27
NV 16.7 16.7 33.3 33.3 0.0 12
NY 7.2 15.5 32.0 45.4 0.0 97
OH 6.7 19.1 38.2 34.8 1.1 89
OK 7.0 16.3 44.2 32.6 0.0 43
OR 0.0 6.5 21.7 71.7 0.0 46
PA 10.3 21.8 31.0 36.8 0.0 87
PR 16.7 16.7 11.1 55.6 0.0 18
RI 0.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 0.0 5
SC 9.4 15.6 25.0 50.0 0.0 32
SD 5.3 10.5 21.1 63.2 0.0 19
TN 14.0 17.5 33.3 35.1 0.0 57
TX 9.8 16.2 28.4 45.6 0.0 204
UT 16.2 21.6 16.2 45.9 0.0 37
VA 6.3 14.6 31.3 47.9 0.0 48
VT 0.0 0.0 9.1 90.9 0.0 11
WA 0.0 8.6 20.7 69.0 1.7 58
WI 1.2 14.6 26.8 57.3 0.0 82
WV 4.3 4.3 39.1 52.2 0.0 23
WY 5.9 17.6 29.4 47.1 0.0 17
*State abbreviation 'IT' is Island Territories, and includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and US Virgin Islands.