| Table 2.1a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed vaginal births by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2013 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after vaginal birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 0.8 | 2.3 | 18.5 | 78.5 | 2615 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 99.4 | 166 |
| Government hospital | 1.0 | 3.3 | 20.7 | 74.9 | 478 |
| Non-profit hospital | 0.7 | 1.6 | 18.7 | 78.9 | 1604 |
| Private hospital | 0.6 | 5.0 | 23.8 | 70.7 | 341 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 15.4 | 84.6 | 26 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 0.0 | 2.8 | 26.0 | 71.3 | 181 |
| No | 0.8 | 2.4 | 19.3 | 77.5 | 2268 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 13.0 | 84.1 | 585 |
| 250-499 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 13.8 | 83.2 | 464 |
| 500-999 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 19.6 | 76.3 | 565 |
| 1000-1999 | 0.4 | 3.1 | 22.3 | 74.2 | 512 |
| 2000-4999 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 23.3 | 75.5 | 429 |
| 5000 or more | 0.0 | 3.3 | 31.7 | 65.0 | 60 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 0.9 | 2.2 | 13.7 | 83.2 | 1136 |
| Level 2 special care | 0.8 | 2.5 | 21.4 | 75.3 | 838 |
| Level 3 NICU | 0.5 | 2.2 | 23.2 | 74.1 | 555 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU | 0.0 | 1.2 | 23.3 | 75.6 | 86 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 0.9 | 0.6 | 13.1 | 85.5 | 352 |
| Mountain | 0.4 | 0.8 | 18.3 | 80.4 | 240 |
| West North Central | 0.6 | 0.8 | 19.9 | 78.7 | 356 |
| East North Central | 0.7 | 1.2 | 16.2 | 81.9 | 425 |
| West South Central | 1.5 | 5.2 | 19.9 | 73.3 | 326 |
| East South Central | 2.3 | 5.8 | 27.5 | 64.3 | 171 |
| New England | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.5 | 90.5 | 126 |
| Middle Atlantic | 0.4 | 2.6 | 19.7 | 77.3 | 229 |
| South Atlantic | 0.3 | 3.6 | 21.8 | 74.4 | 390 |
| Table 2.2a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed Cesarean births by hospital type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2013 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after Cesarean birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 1.1 | 3.8 | 22.9 | 72.2 | 2442 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Government hospital | 1.5 | 5.0 | 26.3 | 67.2 | 476 |
| Non-profit hospital | 0.9 | 2.8 | 21.3 | 75.1 | 1600 |
| Private hospital | 1.8 | 6.8 | 26.5 | 65.0 | 340 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 19.2 | 80.8 | 26 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 0.6 | 6.1 | 33.7 | 59.7 | 181 |
| No | 1.1 | 3.6 | 22.1 | 73.2 | 2261 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 1.9 | 3.7 | 20.1 | 74.3 | 428 |
| 250-499 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 17.4 | 78.6 | 453 |
| 500-999 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 22.0 | 72.7 | 560 |
| 1000-1999 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 26.0 | 69.1 | 511 |
| 2000-4999 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 27.9 | 67.9 | 430 |
| 5000 or more | 0.0 | 6.7 | 31.7 | 61.7 | 60 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 1.5 | 3.6 | 18.5 | 76.5 | 964 |
| Level 2 special care | 1.2 | 3.4 | 24.2 | 71.3 | 835 |
| Level 3 NICU | 0.5 | 4.7 | 27.7 | 67.1 | 556 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU | 0.0 | 3.4 | 29.9 | 66.7 | 87 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 0.6 | 1.3 | 20.8 | 77.3 | 308 |
| Mountain | 1.4 | 1.4 | 23.3 | 74.0 | 215 |
| West North Central | 0.6 | 1.4 | 21.6 | 76.4 | 347 |
| East North Central | 0.5 | 1.9 | 20.8 | 76.8 | 413 |
| West South Central | 2.4 | 9.3 | 25.2 | 63.1 | 290 |
| East South Central | 3.0 | 4.8 | 25.1 | 67.1 | 167 |
| New England | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 | 90.0 | 120 |
| Middle Atlantic | 1.8 | 6.2 | 23.5 | 68.6 | 226 |
| South Atlantic | 0.6 | 6.5 | 29.5 | 63.5 | 356 |
| Facilities not performing Cesareans are not included in these tabulations. | |||||
| Table 2.3a: Supplementation of breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2013 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive non-breast milk feedings | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 26.6 | 51.4 | 19.6 | 2.4 | 2594 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 89.0 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 164 |
| Government hospital | 21.7 | 50.8 | 23.2 | 4.2 | 474 |
| Non-profit hospital | 23.6 | 55.9 | 18.8 | 1.8 | 1591 |
| Private hospital | 16.2 | 53.4 | 28.3 | 2.1 | 339 |
| Military hospital | 42.3 | 57.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 26 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 8.8 | 57.5 | 32.0 | 1.7 | 181 |
| No | 23.5 | 54.3 | 19.9 | 2.3 | 2249 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 50.2 | 33.3 | 13.0 | 3.5 | 576 |
| 250-499 | 30.2 | 49.0 | 18.4 | 2.4 | 461 |
| 500-999 | 22.4 | 54.5 | 19.5 | 3.6 | 563 |
| 1000-1999 | 16.2 | 60.2 | 22.9 | 0.8 | 507 |
| 2000-4999 | 11.9 | 61.8 | 24.8 | 1.4 | 427 |
| 5000 or more | 5.0 | 65.0 | 28.3 | 1.7 | 60 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 39.0 | 42.3 | 15.7 | 3.0 | 1124 |
| Level 2 special care | 21.1 | 56.2 | 20.3 | 2.4 | 829 |
| Level 3 NICU | 11.9 | 60.8 | 26.0 | 1.3 | 553 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU | 12.5 | 63.6 | 22.7 | 1.1 | 88 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 35.1 | 50.0 | 11.2 | 3.7 | 348 |
| Mountain | 31.1 | 49.4 | 16.6 | 3.0 | 235 |
| West North Central | 29.5 | 53.9 | 14.6 | 2.0 | 349 |
| East North Central | 23.5 | 57.6 | 17.5 | 1.4 | 422 |
| West South Central | 22.3 | 46.8 | 28.4 | 2.4 | 327 |
| East South Central | 16.9 | 50.0 | 30.2 | 2.9 | 172 |
| New England | 38.7 | 50.0 | 10.5 | 0.8 | 124 |
| Middle Atlantic | 26.1 | 50.4 | 21.7 | 1.7 | 230 |
| South Atlantic | 21.4 | 50.4 | 25.3 | 2.8 | 387 |
| Table 2.4a: Use of glucose water and/or water among breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) -- 2013 | |||
| Do healthy breastfed infants receive glucose water and/or water | |||
| Yes | No | N | |
| All | 12.0 | 88.0 | 2506 |
| Type of facility | |||
| Birth center | 5.1 | 94.9 | 156 |
| Government hospital | 18.0 | 82.0 | 455 |
| Non-profit hospital | 11.0 | 89.0 | 1542 |
| Private hospital | 12.5 | 87.5 | 327 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 100.0 | 26 |
| Teaching hospital | |||
| Yes | 2.2 | 97.8 | 178 |
| No | 13.3 | 86.7 | 2172 |
| Size of facility | |||
| 1-249 | 17.1 | 82.9 | 544 |
| 250-499 | 18.1 | 81.9 | 453 |
| 500-999 | 14.6 | 85.4 | 542 |
| 1000-1999 | 5.8 | 94.2 | 486 |
| 2000-4999 | 3.8 | 96.2 | 421 |
| 5000 or more | 3.3 | 96.7 | 60 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||
| Healthy newborn only | 15.1 | 84.9 | 1076 |
| Level 2 special care | 12.1 | 87.9 | 802 |
| Level 3 NICU | 7.0 | 93.0 | 541 |
| Level 4 Regional NICU | 3.4 | 96.6 | 87 |
| Census region | |||
| Pacific | 6.6 | 93.4 | 334 |
| Mountain | 10.2 | 89.8 | 225 |
| West North Central | 20.1 | 79.9 | 338 |
| East North Central | 10.0 | 90.0 | 411 |
| West South Central | 14.6 | 85.4 | 314 |
| East South Central | 20.5 | 79.5 | 166 |
| New England | 3.4 | 96.6 | 119 |
| Middle Atlantic | 8.4 | 91.6 | 225 |
| South Atlantic | 11.5 | 88.5 | 374 |