Table 8.1a Percent of hospitals with recommended policies and practices consistent with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, by facility type, size, NICU level and region* | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)–2011 | ||||||||||
Model policy | Assess staff competency | Prenatal breastfeeding education | Early initiation | Teach breastfeeding techniques | Limit supplements | Rooming-in | Teach feeding cues | Limit pacifiers | Discharge support | |
All | 19.3 | 54.9 | 92.8 | 56.5 | 90.8 | 22.9 | 37.1 | 84.8 | 36.4 | 28.4 |
Type of facility | ||||||||||
Birth center | 15.6 | 52.9 | 89.4 | 95.8 | 94.4 | 88.6 | 98.6 | 91.5 | 95.0 | 81.7 |
Government hospital | 13.4 | 44.3 | 86.4 | 50.7 | 86.4 | 19.3 | 37.1 | 81.2 | 34.1 | 28.0 |
Non-profit hospital | 22.1 | 56.9 | 95.4 | 56.3 | 92.6 | 20.1 | 33.0 | 85.9 | 34.6 | 27.1 |
Private hospital | 14.9 | 62.6 | 91.2 | 51.0 | 88.1 | 14.9 | 29.4 | 82.5 | 24.4 | 13.8 |
Military hospital | 33.3 | 44.4 | 94.4 | 41.2 | 72.2 | 33.3 | 76.5 | 77.8 | 38.9 | 27.8 |
Teaching hospital† | ||||||||||
Yes | 31.3 | 60.5 | 97.1 | 42.2 | 91.9 | 9.7 | 29.8 | 87.0 | 43.0 | 28.1 |
No | 18.4 | 54.5 | 92.6 | 55.4 | 90.5 | 20.2 | 34.0 | 84.2 | 32.3 | 25.3 |
Size of facility | ||||||||||
1-249 | 9.8 | 38.3 | 86.1 | 66.1 | 89.5 | 43.5 | 47.8 | 83.9 | 49.0 | 40.3 |
250-499 | 12.6 | 47.0 | 89.2 | 60.2 | 90.3 | 24.1 | 31.8 | 81.6 | 28.6 | 25.8 |
500-999 | 18.9 | 57.4 | 94.2 | 54.6 | 90.3 | 19.0 | 36.2 | 83.8 | 28.4 | 27.3 |
1000-1999 | 26.4 | 64.0 | 97.1 | 53.2 | 92.5 | 17.1 | 35.4 | 87.5 | 35.8 | 25.0 |
2000-4999 | 28.4 | 69.3 | 97.6 | 48.9 | 92.2 | 8.2 | 33.0 | 87.1 | 37.7 | 22.0 |
5000 or more | 28.3 | 60.7 | 98.4 | 39.0 | 86.9 | 9.8 | 26.2 | 85.0 | 41.4 | 23.0 |
Level of Neonatal Care | ||||||||||
Healthy newborn only | 13.4 | 45.9 | 87.8 | 62.7 | 90.0 | 34.9 | 43.2 | 84.1 | 41.9 | 34.1 |
Level 1 or 2 NICU | 18.5 | 56.2 | 94.9 | 53.8 | 90.0 | 17.6 | 34.2 | 83.3 | 29.2 | 25.2 |
Level 3 NICU | 30.8 | 68.3 | 98.0 | 50.3 | 93.7 | 10.9 | 31.4 | 88.6 | 39.3 | 24.3 |
Census region | ||||||||||
Pacific | 23.6 | 58.2 | 89.4 | 64.1 | 94.3 | 29.8 | 75.1 | 88.9 | 51.2 | 28.2 |
Mountain | 16.6 | 50.0 | 93.3 | 62.9 | 87.3 | 28.3 | 61.0 | 78.3 | 38.2 | 29.1 |
West North Central | 15.3 | 38.5 | 95.3 | 56.9 | 89.2 | 25.8 | 21.2 | 82.5 | 29.8 | 36.2 |
East North Central | 17.4 | 53.7 | 98.0 | 58.3 | 92.6 | 23.0 | 26.1 | 85.1 | 30.7 | 30.9 |
West South Central | 16.2 | 56.5 | 81.9 | 49.7 | 86.9 | 15.8 | 32.9 | 82.2 | 30.6 | 21.8 |
East South Central | 14.7 | 57.6 | 92.5 | 46.5 | 84.3 | 13.1 | 15.9 | 81.9 | 17.8 | 13.4 |
New England | 39.2 | 67.7 | 97.8 | 74.2 | 95.5 | 38.6 | 38.1 | 94.7 | 63.4 | 43.3 |
Middle Atlantic | 27.8 | 61.5 | 95.1 | 51.1 | 95.5 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 90.9 | 38.8 | 31.3 |
South Atlantic | 15.2 | 60.0 | 93.9 | 50.8 | 91.0 | 18.8 | 38.6 | 83.2 | 36.5 | 23.9 |
*Sample sizes vary slighty for each of the ten indicators, ranging from n=2547–2661. Estimates may vary slightly from other reports of mPINC data. †Birth centers are excluded from teaching hospital categorizations. |
Table 8.2a Percent of hospitals by number of recommended policies and practices | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)–2011 | |||||
0 - 2 | 3 - 5 | 6 - 8 | 9 - 10 | N | |
All | 6.7 | 49.9 | 37.4 | 6.1 | 2478 |
Type of facility | |||||
Birth center | 0.0 | 7.2 | 55.2 | 37.6 | 125 |
Government hospital | 12.8 | 48.5 | 35.4 | 3.3 | 478 |
Non-profit hospital | 5.1 | 51.8 | 38.0 | 5.1 | 1560 |
Private hospital | 7.7 | 60.7 | 29.9 | 1.7 | 298 |
Military hospital | 11.8 | 35.3 | 35.3 | 17.6 | 17 |
Teaching hospital* | |||||
Yes | 5.1 | 51.8 | 40.0 | 3.1 | 195 |
No | 7.2 | 52.2 | 36.1 | 4.5 | 2158 |
Size of facility | |||||
1-249 | 8.2 | 41.2 | 39.5 | 11.0 | 534 |
250-499 | 9.1 | 54.6 | 31.1 | 5.2 | 427 |
500-999 | 6.3 | 54.0 | 34.4 | 5.3 | 524 |
1000-1999 | 4.8 | 51.2 | 38.6 | 5.4 | 516 |
2000-4999 | 5.0 | 49.4 | 42.8 | 2.8 | 423 |
5000 or more | 7.4 | 50.0 | 40.7 | 1.9 | 54 |
Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
Healthy newborn only | 8.2 | 45.2 | 37.4 | 9.1 | 951 |
Level 1 or 2 NICU | 7.1 | 54.2 | 34.4 | 4.3 | 981 |
Level 3 NICU | 3.3 | 50.2 | 42.7 | 3.8 | 546 |
Census region | |||||
Pacific | 5.0 | 32.3 | 52.8 | 10.0 | 341 |
Mountain | 6.4 | 45.0 | 41.3 | 7.3 | 218 |
West North Central | 7.8 | 54.7 | 32.9 | 4.7 | 322 |
East North Central | 5.4 | 55.3 | 34.7 | 4.7 | 427 |
West South Central | 10.9 | 57.8 | 26.8 | 4.5 | 313 |
East South Central | 12.3 | 61.7 | 24.0 | 1.9 | 154 |
New England | 0.8 | 26.4 | 57.6 | 15.2 | 125 |
Middle Atlantic | 5.4 | 50.7 | 38.9 | 5.0 | 221 |
South Atlantic | 5.9 | 54.6 | 34.5 | 5.0 | 357 |
*Birth centers are excluded from teaching hospital categorizations. |