Table 3.1b: Documentation of infant feeding decisions by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How often infant feeding decisions are documented in medical records
	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Almost always	Not sure	N
All	0.3	0.3	1.6	97.8	0.0	2739
State
AK	5.0	0.0	10.0	85.0	0.0	20
AL	2.2	0.0	2.2	95.7	0.0	46
AR	3.6	0.0	0.0	96.4	0.0	28
AZ	0.0	0.0	2.4	97.6	0.0	41
CA	0.0	0.5	1.8	97.7	0.0	218
CO	0.0	0.0	2.1	97.9	0.0	48
CT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
DE	0.0	0.0	16.7	83.3	0.0	6
FL	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	89
GA	0.0	0.0	1.3	98.7	0.0	75
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
IA	0.0	0.0	1.4	98.6	0.0	71
ID	0.0	3.7	0.0	96.3	0.0	27
IL	0.0	0.0	1.8	98.2	0.0	109
IN	0.0	0.0	2.1	97.9	0.0	94
KS	0.0	0.0	3.3	96.7	0.0	61
KY	0.0	0.0	2.2	97.8	0.0	45
LA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	51
MA	0.0	0.0	2.2	97.8	0.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	3.3	96.7	0.0	30
ME	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	27
MI	1.3	1.3	1.3	96.1	0.0	77
MN	1.1	0.0	2.2	96.6	0.0	89
MO	0.0	0.0	1.6	98.4	0.0	64
MS	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	22
MT	0.0	0.0	3.6	96.4	0.0	28
NC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	78
ND	0.0	0.0	9.1	90.9	0.0	11
NE	0.0	0.0	4.1	95.9	0.0	49
NH	0.0	0.0	4.8	95.2	0.0	21
NJ	0.0	0.0	2.3	97.7	0.0	44
NM	0.0	3.8	0.0	96.2	0.0	26
NV	0.0	0.0	6.7	93.3	0.0	15
NY	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	108
OH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	94
OK	0.0	2.0	2.0	95.9	0.0	49
OR	1.9	0.0	1.9	96.2	0.0	53
PA	0.0	0.0	0.0	98.9	1.1	93
PI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
PR	0.0	0.0	14.3	85.7	0.0	7
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
SC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	38
SD	0.0	0.0	5.0	95.0	0.0	20
TN	0.0	0.0	1.7	98.3	0.0	60
TX	0.5	0.5	2.8	96.3	0.0	217
UT	0.0	2.4	0.0	97.6	0.0	42
VA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	44
VT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	68
WI	0.0	0.0	1.1	98.9	0.0	87
WV	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	28
WY	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	18

Table 3.2b: Provision of advice & instructions for breastfeeding patients by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How many breastfeeding patients are provided advice & instructions about breastfeeding
	Few	Some	Many	Most	N
All	0.1	1.1	8.0	90.8	2725
State
AK	5.0	0.0	5.0	90.0	20
AL	0.0	0.0	8.7	91.3	46
AR	0.0	3.6	21.4	75.0	28
AZ	0.0	2.4	7.3	90.2	41
CA	0.0	0.5	6.0	93.6	218
CO	0.0	2.1	2.1	95.8	48
CT	0.0	4.2	8.3	87.5	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	5
DE	0.0	0.0	16.7	83.3	6
FL	0.0	1.1	7.9	91.0	89
GA	0.0	1.4	8.1	90.5	74
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	7
IA	0.0	0.0	8.5	91.5	71
ID	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	27
IL	0.0	1.9	9.3	88.9	108
IN	0.0	1.1	3.2	95.7	93
KS	0.0	3.3	8.2	88.5	61
KY	2.2	2.2	11.1	84.4	45
LA	0.0	3.9	3.9	92.2	51
MA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	3.3	96.7	30
ME	0.0	0.0	3.8	96.2	26
MI	1.3	2.6	13.0	83.1	77
MN	0.0	0.0	12.6	87.4	87
MO	0.0	0.0	6.3	93.8	64
MS	0.0	0.0	19.0	81.0	21
MT	0.0	0.0	10.7	89.3	28
NC	0.0	1.3	7.7	91.0	78
ND	0.0	0.0	27.3	72.7	11
NE	0.0	0.0	8.5	91.5	47
NH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	21
NJ	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	44
NM	0.0	3.8	19.2	76.9	26
NV	0.0	13.3	20.0	66.7	15
NY	0.0	0.0	6.5	93.5	107
OH	0.0	0.0	4.3	95.7	94
OK	0.0	2.0	16.3	81.6	49
OR	0.0	0.0	1.9	98.1	53
PA	0.0	0.0	4.3	95.7	92
PI	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	5
PR	0.0	0.0	28.6	71.4	7
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	6
SC	0.0	0.0	10.5	89.5	38
SD	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	20
TN	0.0	3.3	16.7	80.0	60
TX	0.0	1.9	9.7	88.4	216
UT	0.0	2.4	19.0	78.6	42
VA	0.0	0.0	11.4	88.6	44
VT	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	4.5	95.5	67
WI	0.0	0.0	1.2	98.8	86
WV	0.0	0.0	3.6	96.4	28
WY	0.0	0.0	11.1	88.9	18

Table 3.3b: Education on infant cues to feed by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How many patients are taught to recognize & respond to infant cues rather than feeding on a set schedule
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	0.3	1.7	13.2	84.6	0.2	2725
State
AK	0.0	5.0	0.0	95.0	0.0	20
AL	0.0	0.0	8.7	91.3	0.0	46
AR	0.0	3.6	28.6	67.9	0.0	28
AZ	0.0	4.9	17.1	78.0	0.0	41
CA	0.0	3.2	10.1	86.7	0.0	218
CO	0.0	0.0	12.5	87.5	0.0	48
CT	0.0	4.2	8.3	87.5	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
DE	0.0	0.0	16.7	83.3	0.0	6
FL	0.0	2.2	14.6	83.1	0.0	89
GA	0.0	1.4	21.6	77.0	0.0	74
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
IA	0.0	1.4	14.1	84.5	0.0	71
ID	0.0	0.0	14.8	85.2	0.0	27
IL	0.9	0.0	17.6	81.5	0.0	108
IN	0.0	3.2	8.6	87.1	1.1	93
KS	1.6	1.6	14.8	82.0	0.0	61
KY	2.2	2.2	11.1	84.4	0.0	45
LA	2.0	3.9	13.7	80.4	0.0	51
MA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	13.3	86.7	0.0	30
ME	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	26
MI	2.6	1.3	22.1	74.0	0.0	77
MN	0.0	0.0	14.9	85.1	0.0	87
MO	0.0	1.6	10.9	85.9	1.6	64
MS	0.0	4.8	33.3	57.1	4.8	21
MT	0.0	0.0	17.9	82.1	0.0	28
NC	0.0	1.3	12.8	84.6	1.3	78
ND	0.0	0.0	27.3	72.7	0.0	11
NE	0.0	2.1	23.4	74.5	0.0	47
NH	0.0	0.0	9.5	90.5	0.0	21
NJ	0.0	0.0	6.8	93.2	0.0	44
NM	0.0	7.7	26.9	65.4	0.0	26
NV	0.0	13.3	20.0	66.7	0.0	15
NY	0.0	0.0	6.5	93.5	0.0	107
OH	0.0	2.1	7.4	89.4	1.1	94
OK	0.0	6.1	16.3	77.6	0.0	49
OR	0.0	0.0	9.4	90.6	0.0	53
PA	0.0	0.0	13.0	87.0	0.0	92
PI	0.0	0.0	40.0	60.0	0.0	5
PR	0.0	0.0	42.9	57.1	0.0	7
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
SC	0.0	0.0	21.1	78.9	0.0	38
SD	0.0	0.0	25.0	75.0	0.0	20
TN	0.0	5.0	15.0	80.0	0.0	60
TX	0.0	2.3	12.0	85.6	0.0	216
UT	2.4	0.0	28.6	66.7	2.4	42
VA	0.0	0.0	9.1	90.9	0.0	44
VT	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	6.0	94.0	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	9.3	90.7	0.0	86
WV	0.0	0.0	14.3	85.7	0.0	28
WY	0.0	0.0	11.1	88.9	0.0	18

Table 3.4b: Education on limitation to time suckling by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How often are breastfeeding patients instructed to limit uckling at the breast to a specific length of time
	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Almost always	Not sure	N
All	47.9	24.1	14.3	11.5	2.2	2721
State
AK	65.0	10.0	10.0	15.0	0.0	20
AL	37.0	17.4	23.9	21.7	0.0	46
AR	32.1	25.0	14.3	28.6	0.0	28
AZ	41.5	19.5	22.0	17.1	0.0	41
CA	56.7	20.7	7.4	12.0	3.2	217
CO	43.8	35.4	6.3	12.5	2.1	48
CT	70.8	20.8	8.3	0.0	0.0	24
DC	60.0	20.0	0.0	20.0	0.0	5
DE	33.3	16.7	33.3	0.0	16.7	6
FL	48.3	21.3	19.1	10.1	1.1	89
GA	41.1	26.0	13.7	17.8	1.4	73
HI	28.6	42.9	14.3	14.3	0.0	7
IA	42.3	38.0	12.7	4.2	2.8	71
ID	40.7	29.6	7.4	18.5	3.7	27
IL	38.9	29.6	19.4	7.4	4.6	108
IN	44.6	29.3	17.4	6.5	2.2	92
KS	32.8	29.5	13.1	21.3	3.3	61
KY	40.0	28.9	8.9	20.0	2.2	45
LA	51.0	17.6	19.6	9.8	2.0	51
MA	76.1	15.2	6.5	2.2	0.0	46
MD	53.3	16.7	26.7	3.3	0.0	30
ME	69.2	23.1	7.7	0.0	0.0	26
MI	50.6	18.2	16.9	11.7	2.6	77
MN	36.8	33.3	19.5	8.0	2.3	87
MO	43.8	28.1	15.6	12.5	0.0	64
MS	28.6	19.0	19.0	33.3	0.0	21
MT	32.1	28.6	10.7	25.0	3.6	28
NC	52.6	23.1	11.5	10.3	2.6	78
ND	45.5	36.4	18.2	0.0	0.0	11
NE	42.6	23.4	12.8	21.3	0.0	47
NH	85.7	14.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	21
NJ	63.6	25.0	4.5	6.8	0.0	44
NM	30.8	34.6	19.2	15.4	0.0	26
NV	40.0	26.7	26.7	6.7	0.0	15
NY	60.7	22.4	8.4	6.5	1.9	107
OH	60.6	21.3	9.6	7.4	1.1	94
OK	26.5	26.5	26.5	16.3	4.1	49
OR	61.5	25.0	7.7	3.8	1.9	52
PA	48.9	30.4	16.3	3.3	1.1	92
PI	20.0	40.0	20.0	20.0	0.0	5
PR	14.3	28.6	28.6	28.6	0.0	7
RI	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6
SC	47.4	28.9	15.8	5.3	2.6	38
SD	50.0	35.0	5.0	10.0	0.0	20
TN	35.0	18.3	23.3	21.7	1.7	60
TX	35.9	21.2	21.7	18.9	2.3	217
UT	54.8	14.3	14.3	16.7	0.0	42
VA	47.7	18.2	15.9	11.4	6.8	44
VT	70.0	20.0	0.0	10.0	0.0	10
WA	63.6	16.7	9.1	3.0	7.6	66
WI	61.6	24.4	8.1	1.2	4.7	86
WV	35.7	21.4	17.9	21.4	3.6	28
WY	33.3	22.2	16.7	27.8	0.0	18

Table 3.5b: Directly observed breastfeeding assessments by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How many breastfeeding patients receive a directly observed breastfeeding assessment
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	0.4	2.1	12.1	85.4	0.1	2729
State
AK	0.0	0.0	5.0	95.0	0.0	20
AL	0.0	8.7	19.6	71.7	0.0	46
AR	0.0	0.0	21.4	78.6	0.0	28
AZ	0.0	2.4	4.9	92.7	0.0	41
CA	0.5	2.3	7.9	89.3	0.0	215
CO	0.0	2.1	8.3	89.6	0.0	48
CT	4.2	0.0	4.2	91.7	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
DE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
FL	0.0	2.3	8.0	89.8	0.0	88
GA	0.0	1.3	10.7	88.0	0.0	75
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
IA	0.0	0.0	12.7	87.3	0.0	71
ID	0.0	0.0	3.7	96.3	0.0	27
IL	0.0	2.8	14.7	82.6	0.0	109
IN	0.0	2.2	10.8	87.1	0.0	93
KS	0.0	6.6	13.1	80.3	0.0	61
KY	2.2	2.2	24.4	71.1	0.0	45
LA	0.0	3.9	13.7	82.4	0.0	51
MA	0.0	0.0	2.2	97.8	0.0	45
MD	0.0	3.3	13.3	83.3	0.0	30
ME	0.0	0.0	3.7	96.3	0.0	27
MI	1.3	3.9	13.0	81.8	0.0	77
MN	0.0	2.2	19.1	78.7	0.0	89
MO	0.0	1.6	12.5	85.9	0.0	64
MS	0.0	4.5	31.8	63.6	0.0	22
MT	0.0	0.0	14.8	85.2	0.0	27
NC	0.0	2.6	14.1	82.1	1.3	78
ND	0.0	0.0	18.2	81.8	0.0	11
NE	0.0	0.0	20.4	79.6	0.0	49
NH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	21
NJ	0.0	4.5	9.1	86.4	0.0	44
NM	0.0	0.0	23.1	76.9	0.0	26
NV	0.0	6.7	20.0	73.3	0.0	15
NY	0.9	0.9	11.2	86.9	0.0	107
OH	0.0	0.0	11.7	88.3	0.0	94
OK	2.0	2.0	16.3	79.6	0.0	49
OR	0.0	0.0	5.7	94.3	0.0	53
PA	0.0	2.2	10.8	87.1	0.0	93
PI	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	0.0	5
PR	0.0	14.3	57.1	28.6	0.0	7
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
SC	0.0	0.0	18.4	81.6	0.0	38
SD	0.0	0.0	25.0	75.0	0.0	20
TN	0.0	6.7	18.3	75.0	0.0	60
TX	1.4	3.2	12.8	82.1	0.5	218
UT	0.0	0.0	7.3	92.7	0.0	41
VA	0.0	2.3	11.4	86.4	0.0	44
VT	0.0	0.0	10.0	90.0	0.0	10
WA	1.5	0.0	7.5	91.0	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	5.7	94.3	0.0	87
WV	0.0	0.0	14.8	85.2	0.0	27
WY	0.0	0.0	16.7	83.3	0.0	18

Table 3.6b: Use of a standardized breastfeeding assessment tool by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	Is breastfeeding assessed using a standardized or adapted assessment tool
	Yes	No	N
All	67.2	32.8	2725
State
AK	30.0	70.0	20
AL	63.0	37.0	46
AR	25.0	75.0	28
AZ	75.6	24.4	41
CA	86.4	13.6	214
CO	79.2	20.8	48
CT	62.5	37.5	24
DC	60.0	40.0	5
DE	83.3	16.7	6
FL	69.7	30.3	89
GA	73.0	27.0	74
HI	85.7	14.3	7
IA	56.3	43.7	71
ID	81.5	18.5	27
IL	67.0	33.0	109
IN	65.6	34.4	93
KS	41.0	59.0	61
KY	51.1	48.9	45
LA	70.6	29.4	51
MA	84.8	15.2	46
MD	83.3	16.7	30
ME	59.3	40.7	27
MI	75.3	24.7	77
MN	75.3	24.7	89
MO	64.1	35.9	64
MS	28.6	71.4	21
MT	51.9	48.1	27
NC	62.8	37.2	78
ND	72.7	27.3	11
NE	42.9	57.1	49
NH	76.2	23.8	21
NJ	75.0	25.0	44
NM	65.4	34.6	26
NV	71.4	28.6	14
NY	63.6	36.4	107
OH	61.7	38.3	94
OK	63.3	36.7	49
OR	77.4	22.6	53
PA	68.8	31.2	93
PI	80.0	20.0	5
PR	40.0	60.0	5
RI	83.3	16.7	6
SC	55.3	44.7	38
SD	75.0	25.0	20
TN	67.2	32.8	58
TX	60.3	39.7	219
UT	81.0	19.0	42
VA	59.1	40.9	44
VT	70.0	30.0	10
WA	73.1	26.9	67
WI	75.9	24.1	87
WV	51.9	48.1	27
WY	77.8	22.2	18

Table 3.7b: Provision of pacifiers by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011
	How many breastfed infants are given pacifiers by facility staff
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	36.0	28.1	26.4	8.7	0.8	2728
State
AK	55.0	30.0	15.0	0.0	0.0	20
AL	13.0	32.6	37.0	15.2	2.2	46
AR	25.0	35.7	25.0	14.3	0.0	28
AZ	43.9	12.2	36.6	7.3	0.0	41
CA	51.6	34.0	11.6	2.8	0.0	215
CO	54.2	22.9	20.8	2.1	0.0	48
CT	54.2	16.7	12.5	16.7	0.0	24
DC	40.0	0.0	60.0	0.0	0.0	5
DE	50.0	33.3	0.0	16.7	0.0	6
FL	39.3	20.2	33.7	5.6	1.1	89
GA	21.6	32.4	32.4	13.5	0.0	74
HI	85.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	14.3	7
IA	26.8	29.6	31.0	9.9	2.8	71
ID	40.7	25.9	25.9	7.4	0.0	27
IL	26.6	32.1	33.0	8.3	0.0	109
IN	29.0	30.1	33.3	7.5	0.0	93
KS	23.0	29.5	37.7	6.6	3.3	61
KY	15.6	24.4	31.1	26.7	2.2	45
LA	29.4	33.3	27.5	9.8	0.0	51
MA	54.3	26.1	13.0	6.5	0.0	46
MD	43.3	26.7	23.3	6.7	0.0	30
ME	81.5	11.1	7.4	0.0	0.0	27
MI	33.8	28.6	26.0	11.7	0.0	77
MN	38.2	38.2	11.2	11.2	1.1	89
MO	28.1	32.8	26.6	12.5	0.0	64
MS	9.1	22.7	40.9	22.7	4.5	22
MT	50.0	15.4	15.4	15.4	3.8	26
NC	37.2	29.5	17.9	12.8	2.6	78
ND	27.3	27.3	45.5	0.0	0.0	11
NE	28.6	36.7	24.5	10.2	0.0	49
NH	61.9	38.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	21
NJ	39.5	27.9	27.9	2.3	2.3	43
NM	42.3	23.1	19.2	11.5	3.8	26
NV	13.3	33.3	46.7	6.7	0.0	15
NY	52.3	22.9	21.1	0.9	2.8	109
OH	28.0	30.1	29.0	12.9	0.0	93
OK	22.4	22.4	36.7	16.3	2.0	49
OR	49.1	28.3	17.0	5.7	0.0	53
PA	20.7	32.6	37.0	9.8	0.0	92
PI	80.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20.0	5
PR	85.7	14.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	7
RI	83.3	16.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	6
SC	34.2	28.9	28.9	7.9	0.0	38
SD	25.0	30.0	35.0	10.0	0.0	20
TN	25.0	26.7	31.7	15.0	1.7	60
TX	33.0	19.3	37.2	10.1	0.5	218
UT	14.3	26.2	42.9	16.7	0.0	42
VA	43.2	25.0	20.5	11.4	0.0	44
VT	70.0	20.0	10.0	0.0	0.0	10
WA	42.4	36.4	16.7	3.0	1.5	66
WI	37.9	37.9	23.0	1.1	0.0	87
WV	29.6	25.9	37.0	7.4	0.0	27
WY	27.8	16.7	44.4	11.1	0.0	18