Table 8.1a Percent of hospitals with recommended policies and practices consistent with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, by facility type, size, NICU level and region*
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
  Model policy Assess staff competency Prenatal breastfeeding education Early initiation Teach breastfeeding techniques Limit supplements Rooming-in Teach feeding cues Limit pacifiers Discharge support
All 14.4 49.7 92.8 51.0 89.2 21.5 33.4 82.2 30.5 26.8
Type of facility
Birth center 11.0 43.6 87.9 92.4 94.1 79.3 99.2 90.7 94.0 76.3
Government hospital 11.4 40.5 84.6 45.8 84.2 18.4 34.8 74.4 26.8 25.3
Non-profit hospital 16.5 52.0 96.0 50.8 90.6 19.8 28.8 83.9 29.2 26.0
Private hospital 8.7 56.7 91.3 44.3 88.7 14.2 26.9 82.8 18.4 15.9
Military hospital 30.0 23.8 95.2 57.1 80.9 20.0 85.7 76.2 47.6 23.8
Teaching hospital†
Yes 24.9 61.4 97.7 36.6 93.8 11.6 31.0 84.7 39.2 23.2
No 13.8 49.1 92.7 49.9 88.6 19.3 30.2 81.6 26.6 24.7
Size of facility
0-249 7.0 33.3 83.5 61.0 85.5 38.1 46.5 78.1 40.6 34.0
250-499 11.6 42.0 90.6 54.1 89.6 21.2 27.3 83.6 23.8 27.6
500-999 11.8 51.6 95.4 49.2 89.0 17.5 29.9 80.0 25.2 23.8
1000-1999 19.3 61.5 97.5 49.2 91.4 16.7 27.2 86.6 26.9 27.3
2000-4999 22.7 61.0 97.4 39.9 90.9 11.5 32.6 83.4 31.9 20.4
5000 or more 25.0 63.5 100.0 38.7 90.5 7.9 30.6 82.5 41.9 17.5
Level of Neonatal Care
Healthy newborn only 8.9 41.2 87.3 57.0 87.5 30.6 39.8 79.9 35.9 30.4
Level 1 or 2 NICU 15.4 51.8 96.1 49.9 89.7 16.9 28.9 83.6 23.1 24.2
Level 3 NICU 23.6 62.2 97.4 41.3 91.4 12.1 29.0 84.1 33.5 24.8
Census region
Pacific 17.8 50.4 90.2 59.7 89.8 28.3 69.8 81.8 47.7 27.8
Mountain 9.6 46.3 91.7 60.7 83.3 23.4 53.0 77.8 26.9 22.4
West North Central 8.3 31.4 93.8 52.4 87.7 24.4 20.6 77.4 18.9 34.5
East North Central 16.0 50.3 98.0 51.4 91.7 21.2 20.9 85.5 23.9 30.8
West South Central 12.2 47.8 81.9 38.8 85.5 17.0 38.8 78.3 27.8 21.0
East South Central 10.4 55.2 91.3 39.9 89.1 13.1 12.2 79.5 18.5 18.4
New England 37.1 66.9 97.0 64.2 95.5 35.9 29.5 94.8 52.7 38.8
Middle Atlantic 20.8 62.2 97.5 50.8 92.2 17.5 15.0 85.5 36.1 28.1
South Atlantic 10.0 52.7 94.2 46.4 89.7 16.7 32.8 83.5 31.4 20.6

*Sample sizes vary slightly for each of the ten indicators, ranging from n=2547–2661. Estimates may vary slightly from other reports of mPINC data.

†Birth centers are excluded from teaching hospital categorizations.
Table 8.2a Percent of hospitals by number of recommended policies and practices
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
  0 - 2 3 - 5 6 - 8 9 - 10 N
All 8.7 54.3 33.5 3.6 2322
Type of facility
Birth center 0.0 5.9 67.3 26.7 101
Government hospital 16.3 54.4 27.8 1.5 454
Non-profit hospital 6.5 56.8 33.5 3.1 1473
Private hospital 11.0 59.1 28.8 1.1 274
Military hospital 5.3 47.4 47.4 0.0 19
Teaching hospital*
Yes 5.2 56.1 35.5 3.2 155
No 9.4 56.6 31.6 2.5 2065
Size of facility
0-249 11.6 47.4 34.0 7.0 500
250-499 10.2 56.1 30.7 3.1 394
500-999 10.1 54.2 33.1 2.5 483
1000-1999 6.4 57.0 33.8 2.8 470
2000-4999 5.3 58.1 34.5 2.2 412
5000 or more 3.6 60.0 34.6 1.8 55
Level of Neonatal Care
Healthy newborn only 10.1 50.3 34.2 5.4 940
Level 1 or 2 NICU 8.6 57.9 30.8 2.7 893
Level 3 NICU 5.8 55.4 37.2 1.7 486
Census region
Pacific 4.5 38.5 50.5 6.5 309
Mountain 7.7 51.4 35.5 5.5 183
West North Central 13.4 62.6 22.1 1.9 321
East North Central 7.3 58.3 32.5 2.0 400
West South Central 15.5 53.8 26.7 4.0 277
East South Central 12.6 63.6 23.2 0.7 151
New England 0.8 39.8 45.5 13.8 123
Middle Atlantic 5.2 55.2 37.7 1.9 212
South Atlantic 7.8 58.7 31.8 1.7 346
*Birth centers are excluded from teaching hospital categorizations.