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Volume
8: No. 6, November 2011
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Demographic and Geographic Differences in Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Missouri Workplaces, 2007-2008
| Characteristic |
Men |
Women |
| Rurality |
| Urban |
14% |
7% |
| Large rural |
19% |
10% |
| Small rural |
22% |
11% |
| Isolated |
25% |
14% |
| Education |
| <High school |
34% |
17% |
| High school or GED |
24% |
11% |
| Some college |
20% |
9% |
| College graduate |
8% |
4% |
Figure 1. Percentage of men and women employed indoors and exposed to workplace secondhand smoke, Missouri County-Level Study, 2007-2008. Abbreviation: GED, General Educational Development certificate. Rurality was determined by using the Rural-Urban Continuum codes (www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/rurality/ruralurbcon/).
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Population density for all Missouri counties is presented by quintile and ranges from 8.2 to 66.4 per square mile. Counties with
much higher than expected workplace secondhand smoke exposure were Benton,
Buchanan, Butler, Clark, DeKalb, Dent, Dunklin, Greene, Howell, Jefferson, New Madrid, Pemiscot, Ralls,
Saint Francois, Scott, Stoddard, and Taney. Counties with much lower than expected workplace secondhand smoke exposure were
Boone, Clay, Cole, Jackson, Johnson, Platte, Saint Charles, and Saint Louis. Four communities have comprehensive smokefree ordinances: 2 in Jackson County (western Missouri), 1 in Boone County (central Missouri), and 1 in Saint Louis County (eastern Missouri). These counties are in the most densely populated areas of the state.
Figure 2. Population density per square mile by county (2000 US Census), exposure to workplace secondhand smoke (2007-2008 Missouri County-Level Study [CLS]), and location of communities that enacted comprehensive smokefree ordinances just before collection of CLS
data. Plus and minus signs indicate counties with significantly higher or lower
than expected workplace secondhand smoke exposure. See the Methods section for
more details of this analysis.
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| Education Level |
Isolated |
Small rural |
Large rural |
Urban |
| <High school graduate |
33% |
28% |
26% |
23% |
| High school graduate or GED |
26% |
21% |
20% |
18% |
| Some college |
26% |
21% |
19% |
17% |
| College graduate |
15% |
12% |
11% |
9% |
Figure 3. The probability of secondhand smoke exposure at work among white male nonsmokers in Missouri, by education and rurality (age held at the average 41.7 years; annual income set at the median category $35,000-$49,999). Probabilities are based on the model presented in Table 2. Area of residence (rurality) was determined by using the Rural-Urban Continuum codes (www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/rurality/ruralurbcon/).Abbreviation: GED,
General Educational Development certificate.
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