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Safe Water System (SWS) - Where Has the SWS Been Used?
- Pakistan
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| Safe Water Home
> Where?
> Pakistan
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 Project
Partners
- CDC
Agha Khan University
Procter and Gamble Company
HOPE
Target Populations/Location
- Low-income families living in squatter settlements
in Karachi
Project Design
- Research project objectives:
- Determine the impact of the SWS on diarrheal
disease incidence
Determine which etiologic agents the SWS prevents
Identify modifications necessary to adapt SWS
to Pakistan’s context
Function as a demonstration project to use to
attract funding for broader SWS intervention in
the country.
Intervention Elements
- Locally available, commercial sodium hypochlorite
disinfectant
The CDC safe water storage vessel
Community organization
Health education
Project Implementation
Date
Results of Project Evaluation
- An inexpensive home-based water storage and decontamination
system to improve drinking water quality in a low-income
neighborhood of Karachi was pilot tested. Forty-seven
households received a 20-liter plastic
water storage vessel with a narrow neck, lid, and
high-quality spout to prevent recontamination and
a regular supply of diluted hypochlorite solution
in 10 ml single-use bottles.
- Household members were instructed to fill the
vessel with water, add one bottle of dilute hypochlorite,
and use the water for drinking. Twenty-five control
households were recruited. Water samples were evaluated
at baseline and in unannounced follow-up visits
1,3, 6 and 10 weeks later. Baseline drinking water
samples among households who received the vessel
were contaminated with a mean 9397
cfu/100 ml of thermotolerant coliforms compared
with a mean 10,990 cfu/100 ml among controls.
After intervention there was a mean 99.8% reduction
in concentration of thermotolerant coliforms in
drinking water samples among the vessel households,
compared with an 8% reduction in controls. All 47
households who received the vessel reported liking
it. In a highly contaminated environment, a specifically
designed water storage container and in-home water
chlorination was acceptable to the community and
markedly improved water quality.
A study currently in the field is evaluating the
effect of the SWS on diarrhea incidence.
For More Information
safewater@cdc.gov
gerrys@agboat.net
Luby et al 2001 
PDF 270KB
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Date:
July 24, 2006
Content source: National Center for Infectious Diseases
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