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International Reproductive Health Surveys and Comparative Reports:
Central America Health Equity
Trends |
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Back to Surveys and Comparative
Reports
Highlights from the “Reproductive, Maternal, and Child Health in
Central America: Health Equity Trends, 2007”
Graph 1: This bar chart shows the
total fertility rate in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua
in three different survey years and for two different economic quintiles
and for the total population. The total fertility rate indicates the
total number of live born children a woman would have in her lifetime if
she experienced the age-specific fertility rates of that time period.
Quintiles refer to dividing the population into five equal segments
based on household assets at the time of the survey. Quintile 1 is the
lowest economic group, and quintile 5 is the highest. These figures are
derived from surveys taken between 1991 and 2002.
Total Fertility Rates for El Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 1: 6.19
Country Total: 3.85
Quintile 5: 2.02
1998:
Quintile 1: 5.82
Country Total: 3.58
Quintile 5: 2.01
2002:
Quintile 1: 4.99
Country Total: 2.97
Quintile 5: 1.57
Total Fertility Rates for Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 1: 7.91
Country Total: 5.63
Quintile 5: 2.99
1995:
Quintile 1: 8.09
Country Total: 5.14
Quintile 5: 2.24
2002:
Quintile 1: 7.25
Country Total: 4.38
Quintile 5: 1.73
Total Fertility Rates for Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 1: 7.76
Country Total: 5.19
Quintile 5: 2.73
1996:
Quintile 1: 7.73
Country Total: 4.95
Quintile 5: 2.61
2001:
Quintile 1: 7.27
Country Total: 4.44
Quintile 5: 2.36
Total Fertility Rates for Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 1: 7.36
Country Total: 4.56
Quintile 5: 2.41
1998:
Quintile 1: 6.62
Country Total: 3.88
Quintile 5: 2.02
2001:
Quintile 1: 5.55
Country Total: 3.23
Quintile 5: 2.04
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Graph 2: This bar chart
shows the total fertility rate in El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras and Nicaragua in three different survey years and for two
different economic quintiles and for the total population. The total
fertility rate indicates the total number of live born children a
woman would have in her lifetime if she experienced the age-specific
fertility rates of that time period. Quintiles refer to dividing the
population into five equal segments based on household assets at the
time of the survey. Quintile 1 is the lowest economic group, and
quintile 5 is the highest. These figures are derived from surveys
taken between 1991 and 2002.
Total Fertility Rates for El Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 1: 6.19
Country Total: 3.85
Quintile 5: 2.02
1998:
Quintile 1: 5.82
Country Total: 3.58
Quintile 5: 2.01
2002:
Quintile 1: 4.99
Country Total: 2.97
Quintile 5: 1.57
Total Fertility Rates for Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 1: 7.91
Country Total: 5.63
Quintile 5: 2.99
1995:
Quintile 1: 8.09
Country Total: 5.14
Quintile 5: 2.24
2002:
Quintile 1: 7.25
Country Total: 4.38
Quintile 5: 1.73
Total Fertility Rates for Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 1: 7.76
Country Total: 5.19
Quintile 5: 2.73
1996:
Quintile 1: 7.73
Country Total: 4.95
Quintile 5: 2.61
2001:
Quintile 1: 7.27
Country Total: 4.44
Quintile 5: 2.36
Total Fertility Rates for Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 1: 7.36
Country Total: 4.56
Quintile 5: 2.41
1998:
Quintile 1: 6.62
Country Total: 3.88
Quintile 5: 2.02
2001:
Quintile 1: 5.55
Country Total: 3.23
Quintile 5: 2.04
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Graph 3: This bar graph
shows trends in the percentage of live births for which the mother
received antenatal care and delivery assistance, for the 5-year
period before each of the three surveys. The graph displays this
information for each of the four countries, broken down for quintile
5, quintile 1, and for the country as a whole.
Percentage of births receiving antenatal care in El Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 5: 90.9
Country Total: 68.7
Quintile 1: 56.14
1998:
Quintile 5: 90.64
Country Total: 76.03
Quintile 1: 63.49
2002:
Quintile 5: 97.65
Country Total: 86.03
Quintile 1: 77.91
Percentage of births receiving antenatal care in Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 5: 89.67
Country Total: 72.66
Quintile 1: 61.71
1995:
Quintile 5: 94.46
Country Total: 86.22
Quintile 1: 82.19
2002:
Quintile 5: 96.68
Country Total: 84.25
Quintile 1: 75.87
Percentage of births receiving antenatal care in Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 5: 91.86
Country Total: 87.54
Quintile 1: 83.30
1996:
Quintile 5: 93.78
Country Total: 83.92
Quintile 1: 75.21
2001:
Quintile 5: 93.48
Country Total: 82.58
Quintile 1: 78.01
Percentage of births receiving antenatal care in Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 5: 88.73
Country Total: 71.43
Quintile 1: 59.16
1998:
Quintile 5: 95.61
Country Total: 81.92
Quintile 1: 71.45
2001:
Quintile 5: 96.77
Country Total: 86.13
Quintile 1: 71.37
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Graph 4: This bar graph
shows the percentage of deliveries that were attended by a skilled
birth attendant, in four countries, for each of three survey years,
by wealth quintile.
Percentage of deliveries with a skilled birth attendant in El
Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 5: 86.73
Country Total: 52.41
Quintile 1: 25.89
1998:
Quintile 5: 87.71
Country Total: 58.01
Quintile 1: 30.65
2002:
Quintile 5: 95.07
Country Total: 69.68
Quintile 1: 42.74
Percentage of deliveries with a skilled birth attendant in
Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 5: 83.51
Country Total: 29.13
Quintile 1: 7.81
1995:
Quintile 5: 92.42
Country Total: 34.79
Quintile 1: 10.38
2002:
Quintile 5: 92.94
Country Total: 41.48
Quintile 1: 12.78
Percentage of deliveries with a skilled birth attendant in
Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 5: 90.8
Country Total: 46.17
Quintile 1: 12.12
1996:
Quintile 5: 92.31
Country Total: 54.34
Quintile 1: 18.02
2001:
Quintile 5: 93.58
Country Total: 55.7
Quintile 1: 21.3
Percentage of deliveries with a skilled birth attendant in
Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 5: 90.35
Country Total: 61.01
Quintile 1: 34.69
1998:
Quintile 5: 93.35
Country Total: 64.59
Quintile 1: 36.74
2001:
Quintile 5: 96.99
Country Total: 66.98
Quintile 1: 33.91
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Graph 5: This bar graph
presents the percentage of children aged 12–23 months who have had the
recommended doses of tuberculosis (BCG), diphtheria, pertussis, and
tetanus (DPT), polio, and measles vaccines. It presents these data for
each of the four countries, in each of the three survey years, by
quintile 5, quintile 1, and for the country as a whole.
Estimated percentage of children aged 12 to 23 months with the
recommended vaccines in El Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 5: 80
Country Total: 70.57
Quintile 1: 65.9
1998:
Quintile 5: 84.01
Country Total: 78.14
Quintile 1: 70.88
2002:
Quintile 5: 71.43
Country Total: 69.78
Quintile 1: 66.65
Estimated percentage of children aged 12 to 23 months with the
recommended vaccines in Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 5: 41.24
Country Total: 22.24
Quintile 1: 13.46
1995:
Quintile 5: 41.57
Country Total: 42.59
Quintile 1: 40.37
2002:
Quintile 5: 61.24
Country Total: 62.47
Quintile 1: 61.76
Estimated percentage of children aged 12 to 23 months with the
recommended vaccines in Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 5: 73.38
Country Total: 80.83
Quintile 1: 75.60
1996:
Quintile 5: 74.77
Country Total: 81.61
Quintile 1: 84.22
2001:
Quintile 5: 84.94
Country Total: 77.68
Quintile 1: 79.91
Estimated percentage of children aged 12 to 23 months with the
recommended vaccines in Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 5: 78.83
Country Total: 70.4
Quintile 1: 60.28
1998:
Quintile 5: 75.71
Country Total: 72.61
Quintile 1: 62.95
2001:
Quintile 5: 59.91
Country Total: 63.04
Quintile 1: 57.64
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Graph 6: This bar
graph shows the percentage of children that are classified as low
height-for-age (stunted) for those surveys that included anthropometric
measurements. The data are shown by wealth quintile for the four
countries, with two countries including these measurement data in all
three surveys, and two countries including these data in just two
surveys.
Percentage of children classified as low height for age in El Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 1: 33.6
Country Total: 23.04
Quintile 5: 5.95
1998:
Quintile 1: 36.4
Country Total: 23.37
Quintile 5: 3.54
2002:
Quintile 1: 32.7
Country Total: 18.88
Quintile 5: 4.94
Percentage of children classified as low height for age in
Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 1: 68.95
Country Total: 57.77
Quintile 5: 27.01
1995:
Quintile 1: 63.38
Country Total: 49.78
Quintile 5: 11.47
2002:
Quintile 1: 66.62
Country Total: 49.3
Quintile 5: 11.58
Percentage of children classified as low height for age in
Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 1: 52.75
Country Total: 35.42
Quintile 5: 6.37
1996:
Quintile 1: no data
Country Total: no data
Quintile 5: no data
2001:
Quintile 1: 48.35
Country Total: 29.22
Quintile 5: 4.51
Percentage of children classified as low height for age in
Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 1: no data
Country Total: no data
Quintile 5: no data
1998:
Quintile 1: 37.31
Country Total: 25.08
Quintile 5: 8.07
2001:
Quintile 1: 34.83
Country Total: 20.27
Quintile 5: 4.08
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Graph 7: This bar chart shows the under five mortality rate in the four countries, which is expressed
as the number of deaths occurring before age 5 per 1,000 live births for
the five-year period before each survey. The data are shown by wealth
quintile for each of the three surveys per country.
Number deaths to children under age 5 per 1,000 live births in El
Salvador:
1993:
Quintile 1: 59
Country Total: 51
Quintile 5: 34
1998:
Quintile 1: 57
Country Total: 43
Quintile 5: 30
2002:
Quintile 1: 43
Country Total: 31
Quintile 5: 17
Number deaths to children under age 5 per 1,000 live births in
Guatemala:
1987:
Quintile 1: 123
Country Total: 107
Quintile 5: 56
1995:
Quintile 1: 74
Country Total: 65
Quintile 5: 45
2002:
Quintile 1: 66
Country Total: 53
Quintile 5: 25
Number deaths to children under age 5 per 1,000 live births in
Honduras:
1991:
Quintile 1: 59
Country Total: 48
Quintile 5: 10
1996:
Quintile 1: 68
Country Total: 48
Quintile 5: 31
2001:
Quintile 1: 58
Country Total: 45
Quintile 5: 22
Number deaths to children under age 5 per 1,000 live births in
Nicaragua:
1992:
Quintile 1: 95
Country Total: 72
Quintile 5: 32
1998:
Quintile 1: 60
Country Total:48
Quintile 5: 18
2001:
Quintile 1: 55
Country Total: 38
Quintile 5: 16
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Page last reviewed: 8/27/08
Page last modified: 8/27/08
Content source: Division
of Reproductive Health,
National Center for Chronic
Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
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