Michigan: 2002 PRAMS Surveillance Report

Michigan
Characteristics of PRAMS-Eligible Population and Respondents, 2002
Characteristic	PRAMS-eligible population		PRAMS respondents
Characteristic	Size	Percent	Size	Percent
Age (years)
< 20	12,219	9.7	147	9.5
20–24	30,861	24.5	362	23.4
25–34	66,589	53.0	826	53.4
≥ 35	16,063	12.8	211	13.6
Race
White	98,402	78.6	1,244	80.7
Black or African American	21,792	17.4	254	16.5
American Indian	650	0.5	8	0.5
Asian or Pacific Islander	4,121	3.3	35	2.3
All other races	191	0.2	1	0.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	7,111	5.7	74	4.9
No	116,679	94.3	1,448	95.1
Education (years)
< 12	21,341	17.3	240	15.8
12	40,427	32.8	487	32.0
> 12	61,353	49.8	793	52.2
Marital status
Married	82,297	65.5	1,015	66.1
Unmarried	43,442	34.5	520	33.9
Birth weight
Low (< 2,500 g)	8,884	7.1	380	24.6
Normal (≥ 2,500 g)	116,830	92.9	1,166	75.4
Parity
First birth	48,913	39.0	590	38.2
Second birth or higher	76,382	61.0	953	61.8
Total	125,739		1,546

	Estimated PRAMS-eligible population				PRAMS respondents
	Size	95% CI^‡	Percent	95% CI^‡	Size	Percent
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	27,321	24,182–30,460	22.9	20.5–25.6	331	22.6
$15,001–$25,000	16,375	13,958–18,792	13.8	11.9–15.9	214	14.6
$25,001–$40,000	18,506	16,000–21,013	15.5	13.6–17.7	233	15.9
≥ $40,001	56,867	53,543–60,191	47.8	44.9–50.7	688	46.9
In crowded household
(> 1 person/room)	9,612	7,657–11,568	8.0	6.5–9.7	111	7.5
Note: The PRAMS-eligible population is defined as state residents who had in-state births. Respondents are defined as women who completed a survey. Values for annual household income and crowded household are estimated from the PRAMS sample. Other population size and percent values for the characteristics of the PRAMS-eligible population are based on state birth certificate data. ‡ Confidence interval.

Michigan
Prevalence of Unintended Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	145	78.7	4.0	69.9–85.5
20–24	358	57.4	3.0	51.4–63.2
25–34	816	33.7	1.9	30.0–37.5
≥ 35	207	27.3	3.5	21.0–34.7
Race
White	1,227	38.6	1.6	35.5–41.7
Black or African American	252	64.9	3.5	57.7–71.5
All other races	43	43.4^§§	8.5	28.1–60.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	72	52.4	6.6	39.6–64.9
No	1,430	42.7	1.5	39.8–45.7
Education (years)
< 12	236	64.2	3.6	56.8–70.9
12	481	52.4	2.6	47.4–57.4
> 12	783	30.4	1.9	26.8–34.2
Medicaid recipient
Yes	598	60.4	2.3	55.7–64.8
No	928	31.6	1.7	28.3–35.1
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	327	67.8	3.0	61.6–73.4
$15,001–$25,000	209	57.1	4.0	49.1–64.7
$25,001–$40,000	229	46.4	3.8	39.2–53.8
≥ $40,001	681	25.9	1.9	22.4–29.8
‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Multivitamin Use 4 or More Times per Week During the Month Prior to Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	146	11.6	3.2	6.6–19.4
20–24	359	21.1	2.4	16.8–26.2
25–34	824	42.8	2.0	39.0–46.7
≥ 35	211	47.4	3.8	40.0–54.9
Race
White	1,240	38.0	1.5	35.0–41.1
Black or African American	252	22.5	3.1	17.0–29.2
All other races	44	29.3^§§	7.9	16.4–46.8
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	74	22.7	5.5	13.6–35.3
No	1,442	35.7	1.4	32.9–38.5
Education (years)
< 12	240	17.6	2.9	12.6–23.9
12	483	27.4	2.3	23.2–32.2
> 12	791	46.2	2.0	42.3–50.2
Medicaid recipient
Yes	603	17.4	1.8	14.2–21.2
No	937	46.9	1.8	43.3–50.5
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	330	16.3	2.4	12.2–21.5
$15,001–$25,000	211	20.1	3.2	14.5–27.2
$25,001–$40,000	232	29.2	3.3	23.2–36.1
≥ $40,001	688	50.2	2.1	46.0–54.4
‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Physical Abuse by Husband or Partner During Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	147	9.3	2.7	5.2–16.0
20–24	361	6.8	1.7	4.2–10.9
25–34	824	2.7	0.7	1.6–4.4
≥ 35	211	1.9	1.1	0.6–5.6
Race
White	1,244	3.5	0.6	2.4–5.0
Black or African American	251	8.5	2.0	5.3–13.5
All other races	44	0.0^§§	—	—
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	74	7.3	3.6	2.7–18.3
No	1,445	4.1	0.6	3.0–5.5
Education (years)
< 12	240	8.6	2.1	5.2–13.8
12	486	4.3	1.0	2.7–6.7
> 12	791	2.7	0.7	1.5–4.6
Medicaid recipient
Yes	605	7.9	1.3	5.7–10.8
No	938	1.8	0.6	1.0–3.3
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	330	11.7	2.1	8.2–16.5
$15,001–$25,000	214	4.7	1.8	2.1–9.9
$25,001–$40,000	233	3.3	1.5	1.3–7.9
≥ $40,001	686	1.0	0.5	0.4–2.6
‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Smoking During the Last 3 Months of Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	144	34.7	4.7	26.1–44.4
20–24	354	25.3	2.7	20.4–30.8
25–34	812	11.2	1.2	9.0–13.9
≥ 35	209	14.3	2.6	9.9–20.3
Race
White	1,226	18.7	1.3	16.3–21.3
Black or African American	249	12.7	2.5	8.5–18.5
All other races	41	9.2^††§§	4.7	3.3–23.3
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	73	5.6	2.7	2.1–14.1
No	1,423	18.1	1.2	15.9–20.5
Education (years)
< 12	235	32.0	3.5	25.5–39.3
12	475	25.9	2.2	21.8–30.6
> 12	784	7.3	1.1	5.4–9.7
Medicaid recipient
Yes	596	30.6	2.2	26.6–35.1
No	923	8.4	1.0	6.5–10.6
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	323	37.5	3.2	31.6–43.9
$15,001–$25,000	211	23.0	3.4	17.1–30.3
$25,001–$40,000	232	16.0	2.6	11.5–21.7
≥ $40,001	676	6.8	1.2	4.9–9.4
‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Pregnancy-Related Complications That Required a Hospital Stay of At Least 1 Day, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	141	14.7	3.3	9.4–22.4
20–24	358	15.6	2.2	11.7–20.4
25–34	811	13.1	1.2	10.8–15.7
≥ 35	204	8.0	1.9	5.0–12.7
Race
White	1,219	11.5	0.9	9.8–13.5
Black or African American	248	21.8	3.1	16.4–28.5
All other races	43	7.9^§§	4.0	2.8–20.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	72	9.6	3.8	4.4–19.9
No	1,419	13.3	1.0	11.5–15.3
Education (years)
< 12	233	13.4	2.3	9.5–18.5
12	477	15.6	1.9	12.2–19.8
> 12	778	11.7	1.2	9.5–14.2
Medicaid recipient
Yes	594	15.4	1.7	12.4–19.0
No	920	11.7	1.1	9.7–13.9
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	324	16.5	2.3	12.4–21.6
$15,001–$25,000	212	16.7	2.9	11.8–23.1
$25,001–$40,000	227	16.0	2.7	11.4–21.9
≥ $40,001	673	10.2	1.2	8.1–12.7
‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Infant Discharge from Hospital Within 48 Hours, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	145	63.9	4.6	54.6–72.4
20–24	359	64.7	2.9	58.8–70.2
25–34	814	68.8	1.8	65.2–72.2
≥ 35	209	64.9	3.6	57.6–71.6
Race
White	1,230	70.3	1.4	67.4–73.0
Black or African American	250	51.8	3.8	44.3–59.1
All other races	43	63.1^§§	8.0	46.5–77.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	72	60.8	6.4	47.9–72.4
No	1,431	67.4	1.4	64.6–70.0
Education (years)
< 12	234	62.2	3.7	54.8–69.1
12	484	68.1	2.3	63.3–72.5
> 12	783	67.0	1.9	63.2–70.6
Medicaid recipient
Yes	599	62.8	2.3	58.3–67.2
No	928	69.5	1.6	66.1–72.6
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	329	58.4	3.2	52.1–64.4
$15,001–$25,000	213	64.6	3.7	57.1–71.5
$25,001–$40,000	231	72.0	3.2	65.3–77.8
≥ $40,001	679	70.5	1.9	66.6–74.2
‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Infant Checkup Within 1 Week of Hospital Discharge for Infants Discharged Within 48 Hours, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	79	77.7	5.5	65.2–86.6
20–24	202	82.4	2.8	76.2–87.3
25–34	473	83.5	1.8	79.7–86.7
≥ 35	108	80.8	3.8	72.2–87.2
Race
White	739	83.5	1.4	80.6–86.1
Black or African American	100	73.1	5.1	62.0–81.8
All other races	22	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	33	95.0^§§	3.7	80.4–98.9
No	820	81.7	1.4	78.7–84.4
Education (years)
< 12	117	75.2	4.5	65.5–83.0
12	285	82.0	2.4	76.9–86.2
> 12	439	84.9	1.7	81.2–88.0
Medicaid recipient
Yes	316	79.4	2.5	74.0–83.9
No	546	84.1	1.6	80.7–87.0
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	158	78.5	3.7	70.5–84.8
$15,001–$25,000	111	78.3	4.3	68.7–85.6
$25,001–$40,000	139	79.7	3.6	71.8–85.8
≥ $40,001	417	85.7	1.7	82.0–88.8
‡ Confidence interval. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Sufficient Well-Baby Care, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	124	83.7^††	3.8	74.8–89.9
20–24	321	74.8	2.9	68.8–80.0
25–34	736	82.8	1.6	79.4–85.6
≥ 35	176	81.7^††	3.2	74.6–87.2
Race
White	1,103	83.2	1.3	80.6–85.5
Black or African American	213	71.2	3.8	63.2–78.0
All other races	37	72.8^††§§	8.2	54.2–85.8
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	58	69.9^††§§	6.8	55.1–81.4
No	1,278	81.3	1.3	78.7–83.6
Education (years)
< 12	196	73.4^††	3.7	65.6–80.0
12	429	78.8	2.2	74.2–82.8
> 12	710	84.6	1.6	81.3–87.4
Medicaid recipient
Yes	522	75.5^††	2.2	70.9–79.6
No	835	84.3	1.4	81.3–86.9
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	284	71.8^††	3.2	65.2–77.7
$15,001–$25,000	187	78.8	3.4	71.3–84.7
$25,001–$40,000	203	80.0^††	3.0	73.5–85.2
≥ $40,001	623	86.3	1.6	83.0–89.1
Note: Sufficient well-baby care is defined as an infant receiving 2 or more checkups by 2–3 months (60–122 days) of age; 3 or more checkups by 4–5 months (123–183 days) of age; or 4 or more checkups by 6–9 months (184–274 days) of age. ‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.

Michigan
Prevalence of Postpartum Contraceptive Use, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	141	93.5	2.2	87.6–96.6
20–24	360	87.5	2.2	82.6–91.1
25–34	821	84.5	1.5	81.4–87.2
≥ 35	210	78.8	3.2	71.9–84.4
Race
White	1,237	84.6	1.2	82.2–86.8
Black or African American	249	89.2	2.5	83.2–93.2
All other races	42	89.8^§§	4.9	75.7–96.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	74	85.1	4.6	73.7–92.1
No	1,434	85.5	1.1	83.2–87.5
Education (years)
< 12	234	86.8	2.6	80.9–91.1
12	484	87.8	1.7	84.1–90.8
> 12	789	83.7	1.5	80.5–86.5
Medicaid recipient
Yes	598	88.3	1.6	84.8–91.1
No	934	83.4	1.4	80.5–86.0
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	327	88.6	2.1	83.9–92.1
$15,001–$25,000	214	85.2	3.0	78.3–90.1
$25,001–$40,000	233	85.3	2.6	79.3–89.8
≥ $40,001	683	83.4	1.6	79.9–86.4
Note: Contraceptive use is defined as using any of the following birth control methods at time of survey: not having sex at certain times (rhythm) or using such birth control methods as the pill, Norplant^®, shots (Depo-Provera^®), condoms, diaphragm, foam, IUD, tubal ligation, or vasectomy. ‡ Confidence interval. §§ < 60 respondents; may not be reliable.