Hawaii: 2002 PRAMS Surveillance Report | CDC Reproductive Health

Hawaii
Characteristics of PRAMS-Eligible Population and Respondents, 2002
Characteristic	PRAMS-eligible population		PRAMS respondents
Characteristic	Size	Percent	Size	Percent
Age (years)
< 20	1,528	8.9	213	11.7
20–24	4,335	25.3	492	27.0
25–34	8,462	49.5	853	46.8
≥ 35	2,783	16.3	264	14.5
Race
White	3,829	22.4	293	16.1
Black or African American	462	2.7	19	1.0
American Indian	168	1.0	15	0.8
Asian or Pacific Islander	12,607	73.8	1,493	82.0
All other races	12	0.1	0	0.0
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	2,381	13.9	292	16.0
No	14,701	86.1	1,530	84.0
Education (years)
< 12	1,568	9.2	180	9.9
12	7,150	42.2	839	46.3
> 12	8,240	48.6	793	43.8
Marital status
Married	11,370	66.5	1,088	59.7
Unmarried	5,739	33.5	734	40.3
Birth weight
Low (< 2,500 g)	1,283	7.5	122	6.7
Normal (≥ 2,500 g)	15,818	92.5	1,699	93.3
Parity
First birth	7,054	41.2	760	41.7
Second birth or higher	10,053	58.8	1,062	58.3
Total	17,110		1,822

	Estimated PRAMS-eligible population				PRAMS respondents
	Size	95% CI^‡	Percent	95% CI^‡	Size	Percent
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	3,395	3,047–3,743	21.1	19.1–23.3	456	26.9
$15,001$25,000	2,514	2,174–2,854	15.7	13.7–17.9	261	15.4
$25,001–$40,000	3,670	3,265–4,075	22.9	20.5–25.4	366	21.6
≥ $40,001	6,474	6,024–6,923	40.3	37.5–43.2	611	36.1
In crowded household
(> 1 person/room)	4,164	3,759–4,569	25.5	23.2–28.0	485	27.9
Note: The PRAMS-eligible population is defined as state residents who had in-state births. Respondents are defined as women who completed a survey. Values for annual household income and crowded household are estimated from the PRAMS sample. Other population size and percent values for the characteristics of the PRAMS-eligible population are based on state birth certificate data. ‡ Confidence interval.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Unintended Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	211	80.5	3.4	73.0–86.3
20–24	491	55.2	2.7	49.9–60.5
25–34	846	36.9	2.0	33.1–40.8
≥ 35	257	22.7	2.9	17.6–28.8
Race
White	291	42.7	3.3	36.3–49.3
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	917	53.7	1.5	50.7–56.7
Asian or Pacific Islander	561	37.2	2.3	32.9–41.7
All other races	15	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	290	51.6	3.5	44.7–58.4
No	1,515	41.8	1.5	38.9–44.8
Education (years)
< 12	179	61.8	4.9	51.9–70.9
12	829	53.8	2.1	49.7–57.9
> 12	787	31.3	1.9	27.6–35.2
Medicaid recipient
Yes	675	61.0	2.3	56.4–65.4
No	1,130	35.4	1.7	32.2–38.8
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	452	58.9	2.9	53.2–64.4
$15,001–$25,000	257	54.9	3.7	47.5–62.1
$25,001–$40,000	362	44.3	3.2	38.2–50.6
≥ $40,001	608	26.4	2.1	22.5–30.7
‡ Confidence interval. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Multivitamin Use 4 or More Times per Week During the Month Prior to Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	213	19.0	3.8	12.7–27.5
20–24	492	21.2	2.3	17.1–26.0
25–34	849	37.9	2.0	34.1–41.9
≥ 35	264	52.3	3.6	45.2–59.3
Race
White	293	37.2	3.2	31.3–43.6
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	920	25.1	1.3	22.5–27.8
Asian or Pacific Islander	569	39.2	2.3	34.8–43.7
All other races	15	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	291	26.4	3.1	20.9–32.8
No	1,527	35.7	1.5	32.8–38.6
Education (years)
< 12	180	17.5	3.7	11.3–26.0
12	837	28.6	1.9	25.0–32.5
> 12	791	42.2	2.1	38.2–46.3
Medicaid recipient
Yes	678	24.5	2.2	20.5–28.9
No	1,140	38.7	1.7	35.4–42.1
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	454	22.7	2.5	18.2–27.9
$15,001–$25,000	261	24.2	3.2	18.5–31.0
$25,001–$40,000	365	29.8	3.0	24.3–36.0
≥ $40,001	610	49.0	2.4	44.3–53.6
‡ Confidence interval. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Physical Abuse by Husband or Partner During Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	211	5.3	1.7	2.8–9.7
20–24	487	4.8	1.1	3.1–7.6
25–34	846	2.1	0.5	1.4–3.3
≥ 35	261	1.4	0.5	0.6–2.9
Race
White	290	1.4	0.6	0.6–3.4
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	914	5.4	0.7	4.1–7.0
Asian or Pacific Islander	565	2.3	0.6	1.3–3.9
All other races	15	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	289	3.0	0.8	1.8–5.0
No	1,516	3.0	0.5	2.2–4.0
Education (years)
< 12	179	4.9	1.4	2.8–8.3
12	833	3.7	0.7	2.6–5.3
> 12	783	2.1	0.6	1.2–3.5
Medicaid recipient
Yes	677	6.7	1.0	4.9–9.1
No	1,128	1.3	0.4	0.8–2.3
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	453	8.5	1.4	6.1–11.8
$15,001–$25,000	258	3.2	1.2	1.5–6.5
$25,001–$40,000	364	2.4	1.0	1.1–5.2
≥ $40,001	606	0.4	0.2	0.2–1.0
‡ Confidence interval. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Smoking During the Last 3 Months of Pregnancy, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	211	10.1	2.4	6.2–16.0
20–24	483	12.2	1.8	9.1–16.1
25–34	835	6.7	0.9	5.1–8.7
≥ 35	258	5.0	1.4	2.9–8.6
Race
White	285	9.2	2.0	5.9–14.0
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	906	14.2	1.1	12.1–16.5
Asian or Pacific Islander	561	4.4	0.9	2.8–6.6
All other races	14	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	289	9.9	1.9	6.7–14.4
No	1,498	7.8	0.8	6.4–9.4
Education (years)
< 12	178	19.8	3.2	14.3–26.9
12	822	10.3	1.2	8.2–12.9
> 12	778	3.8	0.8	2.5–5.6
Medicaid recipient
Yes	663	17.0	1.6	14.0–20.4
No	1,124	4.3	0.7	3.1–6.0
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	442	20.8	2.3	16.6–25.8
$15,001–$25,000	256	5.4	1.4	3.2–8.8
$25,001–$40,000	360	7.4	1.6	4.8–11.3
≥ $40,001	605	2.8	0.7	1.6–4.6
‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Pregnancy-Related Complications That Required a Hospital Stay of At Least 1 Day, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	209	13.6	3.0	8.6–20.8
20–24	490	11.6	1.7	8.6–15.5
25–34	847	8.3	1.2	6.3–10.9
≥ 35	258	10.0	2.2	6.4–15.3
Race
White	289	12.1	2.3	8.3–17.3
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	914	12.3	1.1	10.4–14.6
Asian or Pacific Islander	566	7.0	1.2	5.0–9.9
All other races	14	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	290	11.3	2.3	7.5–16.6
No	1,514	9.7	0.9	8.0–11.6
Education (years)
< 12	175	10.2	3.6	5.1–19.6
12	832	11.9	1.3	9.5–14.7
> 12	787	7.9	1.1	6.0–10.4
Medicaid recipient
Yes	674	12.1	1.6	9.4–15.5
No	1,130	8.9	1.0	7.2–11.1
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	451	13.2	2.0	9.7–17.8
$15,001–$25,000	260	10.3	2.2	6.7–15.5
$25,001–$40,000	366	10.6	1.9	7.4–15.0
≥ $40,001	607	7.3	1.3	5.2–10.2
‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Infant Discharge from Hospital Within 48 Hours, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	211	67.3	4.4	58.3–75.3
20–24	488	68.5	2.6	63.3–73.4
25–34	835	66.0	1.9	62.1–69.7
≥ 35	259	57.4	3.6	50.2–64.3
Race
White	280	70.0	3.1	63.7–75.6
Black or African American	18	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	915	64.3	1.5	61.3–67.1
Asian or Pacific Islander	564	63.2	2.3	58.7–67.5
All other races	15	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	290	67.5	3.2	61.0–73.4
No	1,503	65.0	1.5	62.0–67.9
Education (years)
< 12	179	61.5	4.9	51.6–70.6
12	827	65.0	2.0	61.0–68.8
> 12	778	66.0	2.0	62.0–69.9
Medicaid recipient
Yes	676	63.6	2.3	59.0–68.0
No	1,117	66.1	1.7	62.8–69.3
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	451	58.2	2.9	52.5–63.7
$15,001–$25,000	254	65.9	3.6	58.5–72.6
$25,001–$40,000	362	69.0	2.9	63.0–74.4
≥ $40,001	603	67.3	2.2	62.8–71.6
‡ Confidence interval. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Infant Checkup Within 1 Week of Hospital Discharge for Infants Discharged Within 48 Hours, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	140	89.4	2.8	82.6–93.7
20–24	326	84.4	2.5	78.9–88.7
25–34	521	79.2	2.2	74.6–83.2
≥ 35	143	85.3	3.6	76.7–91.1
Race
White	189	74.3	3.7	66.5–80.8
Black or African American	14	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	575	86.9	1.3	84.0–89.3
Asian or Pacific Islander	342	84.8	2.2	80.1–88.6
All other races	10	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	181	81.2	4.0	72.2–87.8
No	949	82.5	1.5	79.4–85.3
Education (years)
< 12	110	84.4	4.9	72.3–91.8
12	514	79.6	2.2	74.9–83.6
> 12	500	84.2	2.0	79.9–87.7
Medicaid recipient
Yes	425	89.9	1.8	85.9–92.9
No	705	79.1	1.9	75.3–82.5
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	254	90.5	1.8	86.3–93.5
$15,001–$25,000	173	80.2	4.1	70.9–87.0
$25,001–$40,000	234	76.5	3.5	69.1–82.7
≥ $40,001	391	83.7	2.2	79.0–87.5
‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Sufficient Well-Baby Care, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	190	85.6	3.2	78.0–90.8
20–24	446	79.6	2.4	74.5–83.8
25–34	776	84.7	1.5	81.4–87.5
≥ 35	242	89.0	2.2	83.7–92.7
Race
White	269	80.5	2.9	74.2–85.5
Black or African American	12	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	841	81.9	1.2	79.4–84.2
Asian or Pacific Islander	519	87.2	1.6	83.6–90.0
All other races	11	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	259	82.6^††	2.8	76.4–87.5
No	1,395	84.4	1.2	82.0–86.6
Education (years)
< 12	165	85.6	3.8	76.4–91.7
12	762	79.3	1.8	75.6–82.6
> 12	721	88.1	1.4	85.1–90.6
Medicaid recipient
Yes	622	83.8	1.7	80.2–86.9
No	1,032	84.4	1.4	81.5–86.9
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	398	80.6^††	2.4	75.4–85.0
$15,001–$25,000	249	85.0	2.6	79.1–89.4
$25,001–$40,000	329	77.4	2.9	71.2–82.6
≥ $40,001	563	89.9	1.4	86.7–92.4
Note: Sufficient well-baby care is defined as an infant receiving 2 or more checkups by 2–3 months (60–122 days) of age; 3 or more checkups by 4–5 months (123–183 days) of age; or 4 or more checkups by 6–9 months (184–274 days) of age. ‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.

Hawaii
Prevalence of Postpartum Contraceptive Use, 2002
**By Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics**
Characteristic	Respondents	Percent	Standard Error	95% CI^‡
Age (years)
< 20	212	70.3	4.0	62.0–77.4
20–24	485	78.4	2.2	73.7–82.5
25–34	842	77.0	1.8	73.3–80.3
≥ 35	259	72.8	3.3	65.9–78.8
Race
White	292	84.9	2.2	80.1–88.7
Black or African American	19	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}	^{‡ ‡}
Native Hawaiian	912	77.2	1.3	74.6–79.7
Asian or Pacific Islander	559	71.1	2.1	66.8–75.1
All other races	14	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}	^{††‡ ‡}
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Yes	290	77.9	2.9	71.7–83.0
No	1,508	75.8	1.3	73.0–78.3
Education (years)
< 12	176	66.8	4.6	57.3–75.1
12	830	76.7	1.8	73.0–80.0
> 12	783	77.3	1.8	73.6–80.7
Medicaid recipient
Yes	669	73.4	2.1	69.1–77.4
No	1,129	77.2	1.5	74.1–80.0
Annual household income
≤ $15,000	448	70.8	2.6	65.4–75.6
$15,001–$25,000	260	78.1	3.1	71.5–83.5
$25,001–$40,000	364	77.3	2.7	71.6–82.2
≥ $40,001	608	78.0	2.0	73.8–81.7
Note: Contraceptive use is defined as using any of the following birth control methods at time of survey: not having sex at certain times (rhythm) or using such birth control methods as the pill, Norplant^®, shots (Depo-Provera^®), condoms, diaphragm, foam, IUD, tubal ligation, or vasectomy. ‡ Confidence interval. †† Missing ≥ 10% data. ‡‡ < 30 respondents; not reported.