Volume
3:
No. 1, January 2006
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES
The REACH 2010 Logic Model: An Illustration of Expected Performance
This figure shows the REACH 2010
program logic model. This logic model is a theory model that links together
theoretical constructs to explain the underlying assumptions of the program. In
general, the figure reads from left to right and is divided into two sections,
Planning Phase (on the left) and Implementation and Evaluation Phase (on the
right). The Planning Phase has four boxes in it. The first one, “Understanding
Context, Causes, and Solutions for Health Disparity,” is in the upper left-hand
corner of the model and has an arrow pointing to a box below labeled
“Coalition.” The arrow points in both directions to indicate that the coalition
continues to gain understanding of the context, causes, and solutions for health
disparity after it is formed or expanded. The coalition is responsible for
“Planning and Capacity Building,” indicated by a box underneath “Coalition” with
a two-directional arrow. The fourth box in the Planning
Phase of the model is labeled “Community Action Plan.” This box has an arrow
pointing to and from the “Coalition” box, indicating that the coalition produces
the Community Action Plan and continues to be involved as the Community Action
Plan leads to “Targeted REACH Action” and “Existing Activities,”
the first box in the Implementation and Evaluation section of the model.
Targeted REACH action leads to two side-by-side boxes, “Community and Systems
Change” and “Change Agents Change.” Below these two boxes is “Widespread Change
in Risk/Protective Behaviors.” This stage of implementation and evaluation is
brought about by changes in change agents and the community. Two-directional
arrows point to this box from the two “Change” boxes above it. The box below
“Widespread Change in Risk/Protective Behaviors" is “Reduced Health Disparity”;
these two boxes are also connected by a two-directional arrow. Finally, “Reduced Health Disparity”
leads to “Other Outcomes” on its left. “Other
Outcomes” may also result from “Widespread Change in Risk/Protective Behaviors”
or from “Community and Systems Change.”
Both “Other Outcomes” and “Reduced Health Disparity” are linked by an arrow back
to “Coalition.”
The five stages in the Implementation and Evaluation Phase of
the model are described as follows:
State 1: Planning and Capacity
Building
The readiness of a coalition and
its members to take action aimed at changing risk/protective behaviors and
transforming community conditions and systems in a supportive context to sustain
behavior changes over time.
Stage 2: Targeted REACH Action
All intervention activities
believed to bring about desired effects. Actions may include a broad range of
tactics.
Stage 3: Community and Systems
Change and Change Among Change Agents
Community and Systems Change involves changing “risk conditions” by
altering the environment within which individuals and groups behave. Change
Among Change Agents includes documented changes in knowledge,
attitudes, beliefs or behavior among influential individuals or groups with the
intent of diffusing similar changes to a broader community population.
Stage 4: Widespread Change in
Risk or Protective Behaviors
The changing rates of behaviors
linked to health status, either as risk or protective factors, among a
significant proportion of individuals in the identified community.
Stage 5: Reduced Health
Disparity
Narrowing of gaps in health status
relative to an appropriate referent.
Figure 1 Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH 2010)
Logic Model
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