National Occupational Exposure Survey, Estimaged Percentages of Controlled and Uncontrolled Potential Exposures to Specific Agents by Occupation within 2-Digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)*

National Occupational Exposure Survey
(1981 - 1983)

Estimated Percentages of Controlled and Uncontrolled Potential Exposures to Specific Agents by Occupation within 2-Digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)*

Agent Name	XYLENE, META-
CAS #	108-38-3
RTECS #	ZE2275000
Agent Code	M1027

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS (SIC 16)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
619

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
619

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC 20)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
93

SUBTOTAL 0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
93

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS (SIC 23)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
328

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
328

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SIC 25)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 0.0%
25.0%
50.0%
25.0%
0.0%
1,558

873 PRODUCTION HELPERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
584

SUBTOTAL 27.2%
18.1%
36.3%
18.1%
0.0%
2,142

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 26)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
747

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
747

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING (SIC 27)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
383

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
108

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
68

734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 77.7%
0.0%
3.0%
19.4%
0.0%
9,714

737 MISCELLANEOUS PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
479

779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
518

859 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
9

SUBTOTAL 80.1%
0.0%
2.5%
17.3%
0.0%
11,279

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 28)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

223 BIOLOGICAL TECHNICIANS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
202

224 CHEMICAL TECHNICIANS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
102

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
4

633 SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
18

757 SEPARATING, FILTERING, AND CLARIFYING MACHINE OPERATORS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
75

SUBTOTAL 49.6%
0.0%
0.0%
50.3%
0.0%
401

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS (SIC 30)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
1,058

SUBTOTAL 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
1,058

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES (SIC 33)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
302

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
302

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL (SIC 35)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

633 SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
74

759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 0.3%
24.9%
49.9%
24.9%
0.0%
3,027

785 ASSEMBLERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1,104

SUBTOTAL 28.2%
17.9%
35.9%
17.9%
0.0%
4,205

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (SIC 36)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

637 MACHINISTS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
23

785 ASSEMBLERS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
1,880

SUBTOTAL 1.2%
0.0%
0.0%
98.7%
0.0%
1,903

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT (SIC 37)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

567 CARPENTERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
237

725 MISCELLANEOUS METAL AND PLASTIC PROCESSING MACHINE OPERATORS 0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
329

753 CEMENTING AND GLUING MACHINE OPERATORS 0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
31

789 HAND PAINTING, COATING, AND DECORATING OCCUPATIONS 0.0%
50.0%
50.0%
0.0%
0.0%
3,750

SUBTOTAL 5.4%
43.1%
51.4%
0.0%
0.0%
4,347

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SIC 38)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

678 DENTAL LABORATORY AND MEDICAL APPLIANCE TECHNICIANS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
21

SUBTOTAL 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
21

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR (SIC 45)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

515 AIRCRAFT MECHANICS, EXC. ENGINE 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
62

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
62

COMMUNICATION (SIC 48)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

527 TELEPHONE LINE INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
723

SUBTOTAL 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
723

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES (SIC 49)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

327 ORDER CLERKS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1,579

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
215

539 MECHANICAL CONTROLS AND VALVE REPAIRERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
347

557 SUPERVISORS; PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
3,250

577 ELECTRICAL POWER INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
3,653

777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
498

869 CONSTRUCTION LABORERS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2,026

SUBTOTAL 71.9%
0.0%
28.0%
0.0%
0.0%
11,568

BUSINESS SERVICES (SIC 73)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

073 CHEMISTS, EXCEPT BIOCHEMISTS 33.3%
0.0%
66.7%
0.0%
0.0%
1,441

083 MEDICAL SCIENTISTS 0.0%
0.0%
50.0%
50.0%
0.0%
1,493

719 MOLDING AND CASTING MACHINE OPERATORS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
196

SUBTOTAL 21.5%
0.0%
54.5%
23.8%
0.0%
3,130

HEALTH SERVICES (SIC 80)

Code Occupation Description (1980) No
Control Resp
Prot Other
PPE
Vent Other
Control
Exposures

203 CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS 99.5%
0.0%
0.0%
0.5%
0.0%
646

235 TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
7

444 MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PREPARATION OCCUPATIONS 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
452

446 HEALTH AIDES, EXCEPT NURSING 100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1,626

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
244

SUBTOTAL 91.6%
0.0%
0.0%
8.3%
0.0%
2,975

TOTAL 56.1%
6.5%
21.4%
15.8%
0.0%
45,903

RELATED PAGES: Estimates by SIC, Estimates by Occupation, Estimates by Occupation within SIC

ABBREVIATIONS:
Resp Prot = Respiratory Protection
Other PPE = Personal Protective Equipment Other Than Respiratory Protection
Vent = Ventilation

*(1) The estimates for each occupation apply only to the 3- and 4-digit SICs surveyed within the 2-digit SIC where the agent was observed. Not all SICs were surveyed, and not all agents were observed in all surveyed SICs. (2) When using the estimated numbers of exposures, standard errors associated with estimates should be considered. (3) Potential exposures to a chemical agent are categorized as actual (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of the specific agent) or tradename (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of a tradename product known to contain the specific agent). The estimates presented in the table combine both categories. (4) For a given occupation, the estimated number of potential exposures is not necessarily equal to the estimated total number of potentially exposed workers. For example, a worker may be exposed to the same agent from multiple sources; thus, it is not the worker that is controlled but the exposure. (5) The presence or absence of controls does not imply that controls are necessary or required. The estimates and the controls are strictly based on observations associated with potential exposures.

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS (SIC 16)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
516	HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	619
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	619
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC 20)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
518	INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	93
SUBTOTAL		0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	93
APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS (SIC 23)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
734	PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	328
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	328
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SIC 25)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
759	PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS	0.0%	25.0%	50.0%	25.0%	0.0%	1,558
873	PRODUCTION HELPERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	584
SUBTOTAL		27.2%	18.1%	36.3%	18.1%	0.0%	2,142
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 26)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
734	PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	747
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	747
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING (SIC 27)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
453	JANITORS AND CLEANERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	383
518	INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	108
549	NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	68
734	PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS	77.7%	0.0%	3.0%	19.4%	0.0%	9,714
737	MISCELLANEOUS PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	479
779	MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	518
859	MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	9
SUBTOTAL		80.1%	0.0%	2.5%	17.3%	0.0%	11,279
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 28)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
223	BIOLOGICAL TECHNICIANS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	202
224	CHEMICAL TECHNICIANS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	102
453	JANITORS AND CLEANERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	4
633	SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	18
757	SEPARATING, FILTERING, AND CLARIFYING MACHINE OPERATORS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	75
SUBTOTAL		49.6%	0.0%	0.0%	50.3%	0.0%	401
RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS (SIC 30)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
759	PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	1,058
SUBTOTAL		0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	1,058
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES (SIC 33)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
453	JANITORS AND CLEANERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	302
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	302
MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL (SIC 35)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
633	SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	74
759	PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS	0.3%	24.9%	49.9%	24.9%	0.0%	3,027
785	ASSEMBLERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	1,104
SUBTOTAL		28.2%	17.9%	35.9%	17.9%	0.0%	4,205
ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (SIC 36)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
637	MACHINISTS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	23
785	ASSEMBLERS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	1,880
SUBTOTAL		1.2%	0.0%	0.0%	98.7%	0.0%	1,903
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT (SIC 37)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
567	CARPENTERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	237
725	MISCELLANEOUS METAL AND PLASTIC PROCESSING MACHINE OPERATORS	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	329
753	CEMENTING AND GLUING MACHINE OPERATORS	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	31
789	HAND PAINTING, COATING, AND DECORATING OCCUPATIONS	0.0%	50.0%	50.0%	0.0%	0.0%	3,750
SUBTOTAL		5.4%	43.1%	51.4%	0.0%	0.0%	4,347
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SIC 38)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
678	DENTAL LABORATORY AND MEDICAL APPLIANCE TECHNICIANS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	21
SUBTOTAL		0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	21
TRANSPORTATION BY AIR (SIC 45)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
515	AIRCRAFT MECHANICS, EXC. ENGINE	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	62
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	62
COMMUNICATION (SIC 48)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
527	TELEPHONE LINE INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	723
SUBTOTAL		100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	723
ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES (SIC 49)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
327	ORDER CLERKS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	1,579
453	JANITORS AND CLEANERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	215
539	MECHANICAL CONTROLS AND VALVE REPAIRERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	347
557	SUPERVISORS; PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	3,250
577	ELECTRICAL POWER INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	3,653
777	MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C.	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	498
869	CONSTRUCTION LABORERS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	2,026
SUBTOTAL		71.9%	0.0%	28.0%	0.0%	0.0%	11,568
BUSINESS SERVICES (SIC 73)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
073	CHEMISTS, EXCEPT BIOCHEMISTS	33.3%	0.0%	66.7%	0.0%	0.0%	1,441
083	MEDICAL SCIENTISTS	0.0%	0.0%	50.0%	50.0%	0.0%	1,493
719	MOLDING AND CASTING MACHINE OPERATORS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	196
SUBTOTAL		21.5%	0.0%	54.5%	23.8%	0.0%	3,130
HEALTH SERVICES (SIC 80)
Code	Occupation Description (1980)	No Control	Resp Prot	Other PPE	Vent	Other Control	Exposures
203	CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS	99.5%	0.0%	0.0%	0.5%	0.0%	646
235	TECHNICIANS, N.E.C.	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	7
444	MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PREPARATION OCCUPATIONS	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	452
446	HEALTH AIDES, EXCEPT NURSING	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	1,626
453	JANITORS AND CLEANERS	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	244
SUBTOTAL		91.6%	0.0%	0.0%	8.3%	0.0%	2,975
TOTAL		56.1%	6.5%	21.4%	15.8%	0.0%	45,903
RELATED PAGES: Estimates by SIC, Estimates by Occupation, Estimates by Occupation within SIC
ABBREVIATIONS: Resp Prot = Respiratory Protection Other PPE = Personal Protective Equipment Other Than Respiratory Protection Vent = Ventilation

National Occupational Exposure Survey(1981 - 1983)

Estimated Percentages of Controlled and Uncontrolled Potential Exposures to Specific Agents by Occupation within 2-Digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)*

National Occupational Exposure Survey
(1981 - 1983)