National Occupational Exposure Survey
(1981 - 1983)

Estimated Numbers of Employees Potentially Exposed to Specific Agents by Occupation within 2-Digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)*

Agent Name CARBON DIOXIDE, LIQUID
CAS # 124-38-9
RTECS #  
Agent Code X8532

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION (SIC 13)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
617 MINING OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. 342

779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 1,163

889 LABORERS, EXCEPT CONSTRUCTION 2,215

SUBTOTAL 3,720

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS (SIC 15)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
567 CARPENTERS 889

844 OPERATING ENGINEERS 104

869 CONSTRUCTION LABORERS 259

SUBTOTAL 1,252

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS (SIC 16)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
449 MAIDS AND HOUSEMEN 81
81
516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 242

SUBTOTAL 323
81
SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS (SIC 17)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 2,075

533 MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT REPAIRERS 122

534 HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, AND REFRIGERATION MECHANICS 2,075

575 ELECTRICIANS 21,275

576 ELECTRICIAN APPRENTICES 368

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 148

SUBTOTAL 26,063

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC 20)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 2,072
886
507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 574

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 197

754 PACKAGING AND FILLING MACHINE OPERATORS 1,416

804 TRUCK DRIVERS, HEAVY 210

806 DRIVER-SALES WORKERS 215

887 VEHICLE WASHERS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANERS 524

SUBTOTAL 5,208
886
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES (SIC 21)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 208

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 167
3
SUBTOTAL 375
3
TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS (SIC 22)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 700
184
518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 1,045
51
547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 33

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 264

749 MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE MACHINE OPERATORS 433

SUBTOTAL 2,475
235
APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS (SIC 23)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 82

744 TEXTILE SEWING MACHINE OPERATORS 37

SUBTOTAL 119

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (SIC 24)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 638
84
544 MILLWRIGHTS 596

709 GRINDING, ABRADING, BUFFING, AND POLISHING MACHINE OPERATORS 55

733 MISCELLANEOUS WOODWORKING MACHINE OPERATORS 1,512
672
SUBTOTAL 2,801
756
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 26)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
235 TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 194

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 2,288

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 712

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 69

754 PACKAGING AND FILLING MACHINE OPERATORS 65

766 FURNACE, KILN, AND OVEN OPERATORS, EXC. FOOD 71

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 268

SUBTOTAL 3,667

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING (SIC 27)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
213 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANS 76

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 113

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 154

734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 1,215

735 PHOTOENGRAVERS AND LITHOGRAPHERS 205

736 TYPESETTERS AND COMPOSITORS 1,348
16
774 PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS MACHINE OPERATORS 50

SUBTOTAL 3,161
16
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS (SIC 28)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 626

544 MILLWRIGHTS 818

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 1,849

585 PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 625

637 MACHINISTS 120

777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 358

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 751

889 LABORERS, EXCEPT CONSTRUCTION 744

SUBTOTAL 5,891

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS (SIC 29)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 1,312

505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 63

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 1,127

637 MACHINISTS 966

SUBTOTAL 3,468

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS (SIC 30)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
345 DUPLICATING MACHINE OPERATORS 32
16
365 STOCK AND INVENTORY CLERKS 115

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 1,064
74
519 MACHINERY MAINTENANCE OCCUPATIONS 271

575 ELECTRICIANS 338

585 PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 433

634 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS 20

637 MACHINISTS 190

653 SHEET METAL WORKERS 88

777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 674

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 102

SUBTOTAL 3,327
90
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS (SIC 32)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 214

SUBTOTAL 214

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES (SIC 33)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
365 STOCK AND INVENTORY CLERKS 296

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 1,031

505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 173

519 MACHINERY MAINTENANCE OCCUPATIONS 29

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 173

547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 224

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 407

575 ELECTRICIANS 1,193

633 SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS 183

634 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS 58

637 MACHINISTS 392

709 GRINDING, ABRADING, BUFFING, AND POLISHING MACHINE OPERATORS 29

727 SAWING MACHINE OPERATORS 232

769 SLICING AND CUTTING MACHINE OPERATORS 29

777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 116

779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 232

796 PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, CHECKERS, AND EXAMINERS 149
37
849 CRANE AND TOWER OPERATORS 29

873 PRODUCTION HELPERS 349

SUBTOTAL 5,324
37
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (SIC 34)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
059 ENGINEERS, N.E.C. 182

216 ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 121

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 454

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 161

634 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS 577

779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 1,142

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 685

785 ASSEMBLERS 1,437

796 PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, CHECKERS, AND EXAMINERS 71

SUBTOTAL 4,830

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL (SIC 35)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
308 COMPUTER OPERATORS 6
6
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 244

486 GROUNDSKEEPERS AND GARDENERS, EXCEPT FARM 30

575 ELECTRICIANS 667

633 SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS 185
62
637 MACHINISTS 1,103

703 LATHE AND TURNING MACHINE SET-UP OPERATORS 556
62
719 MOLDING AND CASTING MACHINE OPERATORS 1,667
803
783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 168

785 ASSEMBLERS 10,539
5,564
796 PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, CHECKERS, AND EXAMINERS 123
62
859 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 1,540
630
SUBTOTAL 16,828
7,189
ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (SIC 36)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
008 PERSONNEL AND LABOR RELATIONS MANAGERS 542

189 PHOTOGRAPHERS 6
3
213 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANS 209

308 COMPUTER OPERATORS 66

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 202

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 66

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 44

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 295
5
575 ELECTRICIANS 70

634 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS 88

637 MACHINISTS 1,541

647 PRECIOUS STONES AND METALS WORKERS (JEWELERS) 23
12
683 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLERS 23
15
689 INSPECTORS, TESTERS, AND GRADERS 253
169
703 LATHE AND TURNING MACHINE SET-UP OPERATORS 9

706 PUNCHING AND STAMPING PRESS MACHINE OPERATORS 51
35
717 FABRICATING MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 19
9
719 MOLDING AND CASTING MACHINE OPERATORS 42
14
734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 63
40
759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 23
16
774 PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS MACHINE OPERATORS 12

777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 509
386
779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 1,603
1,169
783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 23

784 SOLDERERS AND BRAZERS 116
62
785 ASSEMBLERS 211
150
796 PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, CHECKERS, AND EXAMINERS 375
233
883 FREIGHT, STOCK, AND MATERIAL MOVERS, HAND, N.E.C. 139
97
SUBTOTAL 6,623
2,415
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT (SIC 37)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
213 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANS 86

216 ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 22

225 SCIENCE TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 65

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 311

507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 86

516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 21

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 9
3
575 ELECTRICIANS 91

689 INSPECTORS, TESTERS, AND GRADERS 115
81
774 PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS MACHINE OPERATORS 112
24
777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 125

779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 1,962
54
785 ASSEMBLERS 36

SUBTOTAL 3,041
162
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SIC 38)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
216 ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 598

235 TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 689
275
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 53

683 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLERS 1,515
413
SUBTOTAL 2,855
688
LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSIT (SIC 41)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 14

507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 303

SUBTOTAL 317

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING (SIC 42)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 545

507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 14,286

759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 83

SUBTOTAL 14,914

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR (SIC 45)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
343 COST AND RATE CLERKS 45

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 702

508 AIRCRAFT ENGINE MECHANICS 3,371
227
515 AIRCRAFT MECHANICS, EXC. ENGINE 985
17
523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 10

547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 341
85
689 INSPECTORS, TESTERS, AND GRADERS 43

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 213

SUBTOTAL 5,710
329
COMMUNICATION (SIC 48)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
055 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS 1,498

057 MECHANICAL ENGINEERS 332

198 ANNOUNCERS 3,480
497
228 BROADCAST EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 2,002

453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 414
414
523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 638

SUBTOTAL 8,364
911
ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES (SIC 49)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
495 FORESTRY WORKERS, EXCEPT LOGGING 1,210

505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 558

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 1,553

577 ELECTRICAL POWER INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 6,922

585 PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 2,619

695 POWER PLANT OPERATORS 417

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 883

859 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 1,509
119
869 CONSTRUCTION LABORERS 1,694

SUBTOTAL 17,365
119
WHOLESALE TRADE - DURABLE GOODS (SIC 50)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
274 SALES WORKERS, OTHER COMMODITIES 1,815

307 SUPERVISORS; DISTRIBUTION, SCHEDULING, AND ADJUSTING CLERKS 125

505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 2,187

507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 1,701

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 253
46
637 MACHINISTS 1,595

759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 94

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 547

804 TRUCK DRIVERS, HEAVY 363
363
SUBTOTAL 8,680
409
AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS & SERVICE STATIONS (SIC 55)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 5,198

516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 1,581

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 2,087

SUBTOTAL 8,866

BUSINESS SERVICES (SIC 73)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
535 CAMERA, WATCH, AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENT REPAIRERS 153

538 OFFICE MACHINE REPAIRERS 431

SUBTOTAL 584

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES (SIC 75)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 7,672

549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 4,712

637 MACHINISTS 1,532

SUBTOTAL 13,916

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES (SIC 76)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
365 STOCK AND INVENTORY CLERKS 157

523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 1,938

526 HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE AND POWER TOOL REPAIRERS 1,837

SUBTOTAL 3,932

HEALTH SERVICES (SIC 80)
Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
059 ENGINEERS, N.E.C. 712
93
095 REGISTERED NURSES 525
525
203 CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS 322
56
208 HEALTH TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 386
275
213 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANS 32

436 COOKS, EXCEPT SHORT ORDER 95
95
444 MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PREPARATION OCCUPATIONS 808
808
449 MAIDS AND HOUSEMEN 1,460
1,196
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 2,135
15
503 SUPERVISORS, MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 9

518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 14

534 HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, AND REFRIGERATION MECHANICS 16

543 ELEVATOR INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 25

547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 335
96
549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 277
7
567 CARPENTERS 16

575 ELECTRICIANS 281

579 PAINTERS, CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE 16

643 BOILERMAKERS 24

687 BAKERS 26
26
696 STATIONARY ENGINEERS 32

766 FURNACE, KILN, AND OVEN OPERATORS, EXC. FOOD 16

783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 182

784 SOLDERERS AND BRAZERS 69

844 OPERATING ENGINEERS 359

887 VEHICLE WASHERS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANERS 17
17
SUBTOTAL 8,189
3,209
TOTAL 192,402 17,535
RELATED PAGES: Estimates by SIC, Estimates by Occupation

*(1) The estimates for each occupation apply only to the 3- and 4-digit SICs surveyed within the 2-digit SIC where the agent was observed. Not all SICs were surveyed, and not all agents were observed in all surveyed SICs. (2) When using the estimates, standard errors associated with estimates should be considered. (3) Potential exposures to a chemical agent are categorized as actual (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of the specific agent) or tradename (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of a tradename product known to contain the specific agent). The estimates presented in the table combine both categories.

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