National Occupational Exposure Survey
(1981 - 1983)

Estimated Numbers of Employees Potentially Exposed to Specific Agents by Occupation*

Agent Name TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1-
CAS # 71-55-6
RTECS # KJ2975000
Agent Code 46970

Code Occupation Description (1980) Total # Employees
(Male & Female)
Total # Female
Employees
007 FINANCIAL MANAGERS 91  
013 MANAGERS, MARKETING, ADVERTISING, AND PUBLIC RELATIONS 191  
018 FUNERAL DIRECTORS 4,033 555
019 MANAGERS AND ADMINISTRATORS, N.E.C. 4,707 100
027 PERSONNEL, TRAINING, AND LABOR RELATIONS SPECIALISTS 516  
037 MANAGEMENT RELATED OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. 2,766 1,844
044 AEROSPACE ENGINEERS 137  
045 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERS 16 5
048 CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 33 30
053 CIVIL ENGINEERS 630 88
055 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS 9,728 280
056 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS 1,572 337
057 MECHANICAL ENGINEERS 1,253 14
059 ENGINEERS, N.E.C. 11,359 2,110
073 CHEMISTS, EXCEPT BIOCHEMISTS 2,754 366
074 ATMOSPHERIC AND SPACE SCIENTISTS 22  
075 GEOLOGISTS AND GEODESISTS 28  
078 BIOLOGICAL AND LIFE SCIENTISTS 19  
083 MEDICAL SCIENTISTS 372 278
084 PHYSICIANS 2,423 1,402
086 VETERINARIANS 2,034 294
095 REGISTERED NURSES 91,846 85,133
096 PHARMACISTS 1,009 363
097 DIETITIANS 1,259 944
098 INHALATION THERAPISTS 1,016 491
099 OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS 1,838 1,683
103 PHYSICAL THERAPISTS 2,508 1,887
105 THERAPISTS, N.E.C. 340 319
165 ARCHIVISTS AND CURATORS 276  
185 DESIGNERS 6,129 2,199
188 PAINTERS, SCULPTORS, CRAFT-ARTISTS, AND ARTIST PRINTMAKERS 2,699 1,627
189 PHOTOGRAPHERS 1,186 6
194 ARTISTS, PERFORMERS, AND RELATED WORKERS, N.E.C. 291 143
195 EDITORS AND REPORTERS 506 169
198 ANNOUNCERS 1,201 601
203 CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS 4,423 3,207
206 RADIOLOGIC TECHNICIANS 2,447 1,919
207 LICENSED PRACTICAL NURSES 3,797 3,051
208 HEALTH TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 2,570 1,975
213 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANS 5,136 672
215 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS 2,142 99
216 ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 7,508 993
217 DRAFTING OCCUPATIONS 1,132 361
218 SURVEYING AND MAPPING TECHNICIANS 45  
223 BIOLOGICAL TECHNICIANS 260 104
224 CHEMICAL TECHNICIANS 7,266 2,222
225 SCIENCE TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 2,701 771
228 BROADCAST EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 2,002  
235 TECHNICIANS, N.E.C. 33,036 3,635
243 SUPERVISORS AND PROPRIETORS, SALES OCCUPATIONS 307  
257 SALES OCCUPATIONS, OTHER BUSINESS SERVICES 1,149 575
259 SALES REPRESENTATIVES, MINING, MANUFACTURING, AND WHOLESALE 479 479
269 SALES WORKERS, PARTS 4,961  
274 SALES WORKERS, OTHER COMMODITIES 3,429 1,613
275 SALES COUNTER CLERKS 4,149 2,305
276 CASHIERS 83 83
303 SUPERVISORS, GENERAL OFFICE 1,269 1,125
307 SUPERVISORS; DISTRIBUTION, SCHEDULING, AND ADJUSTING CLERKS 125  
308 COMPUTER OPERATORS 434 172
309 PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 223 112
313 SECRETARIES 26,960 25,769
319 RECEPTIONISTS 1,017 1,017
335 FILE CLERKS 1,616 658
337 BOOKKEEPERS, ACCOUNTING, AND AUDITING CLERKS 3,087 3,087
343 COST AND RATE CLERKS 45  
345 DUPLICATING MACHINE OPERATORS 875 632
346 MAIL PREPARING AND PAPER HANDLING MACHINE OPERATORS 38  
356 MAIL CLERKS, EXC. POSTAL SERVICE 3,157 2,292
357 MESSENGERS 278  
363 PRODUCTION COORDINATORS 946 154
364 TRAFFIC, SHIPPING, AND RECEIVING CLERKS 7,557 2,245
365 STOCK AND INVENTORY CLERKS 12,783 2,963
366 METER READERS 360  
368 WEIGHERS, MEASURERS, AND CHECKERS 608  
374 MATERIAL RECORDING, SCHEDULING, AND DISTRIBUTING CLERKS, N.E.C. 18 18
376 INVESTIGATORS AND ADJUSTERS, EXCEPT INSURANCE 4,989  
379 GENERAL OFFICE CLERKS 16,837 12,443
385 DATA-ENTRY KEYERS 2,338 1,401
389 ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. 3,516 1,409
426 GUARDS AND POLICE, EXC. PUBLIC SERVICE 140  
436 COOKS, EXCEPT SHORT ORDER 95 95
444 MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PREPARATION OCCUPATIONS 2,971 2,519
446 HEALTH AIDES, EXCEPT NURSING 6,407 4,727
447 NURSING AIDES, ORDERLIES, AND ATTENDANTS 5,529 4,866
448 SUPERVISORS, CLEANING AND BUILDING SERVICE WORKERS 1,587 368
449 MAIDS AND HOUSEMEN 41,357 27,923
453 JANITORS AND CLEANERS 255,712 47,950
455 PEST CONTROL OCCUPATIONS 9,257 574
459 ATTENDANTS, AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION FACILITIES 187  
469 PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. 238 98
486 GROUNDSKEEPERS AND GARDENERS, EXCEPT FARM 4,908  
487 ANIMAL CARETAKERS, EXCEPT FARM 870 589
495 FORESTRY WORKERS, EXCEPT LOGGING 1,210  
503 SUPERVISORS, MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 2,865  
505 AUTOMOBILE MECHANICS 46,573 42
507 BUS, TRUCK, AND STATIONARY ENGINE MECHANICS 14,145  
508 AIRCRAFT ENGINE MECHANICS 14,058 558
514 AUTOMOBILE BODY AND RELATED REPAIRERS 9,567  
515 AIRCRAFT MECHANICS, EXC. ENGINE 8,246 29
516 HEAVY EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 18,263 156
517 FARM EQUIPMENT MECHANICS 151 17
518 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY REPAIRERS 23,595 1,143
519 MACHINERY MAINTENANCE OCCUPATIONS 1,714 14
523 ELECTRONIC REPAIRERS, COMMUNICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 5,137 95
526 HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE AND POWER TOOL REPAIRERS 2,479  
527 TELEPHONE LINE INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 225  
529 TELEPHONE INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 8,552 177
533 MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT REPAIRERS 7,131 268
534 HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, AND REFRIGERATION MECHANICS 8,887  
535 CAMERA, WATCH, AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENT REPAIRERS 654 81
538 OFFICE MACHINE REPAIRERS 1,007  
539 MECHANICAL CONTROLS AND VALVE REPAIRERS 703  
543 ELEVATOR INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 3,897  
544 MILLWRIGHTS 9,005 163
547 SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS, N.E.C. 17,469 812
549 NOT SPECIFIED MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS 67,625 2,686
554 SUPERVISORS, CARPENTERS AND RELATED WORKERS 34  
555 SUPERVISORS, ELECTRICIANS AND POWER TRANSMISSION INSTALLERS 429  
557 SUPERVISORS; PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 3,250  
558 SUPERVISORS, N.E.C. 1,649  
563 BRICKMASONS AND STONEMASONS 169  
566 CARPET INSTALLERS 1,658  
567 CARPENTERS 15,091 19
575 ELECTRICIANS 69,651 276
576 ELECTRICIAN APPRENTICES 368  
577 ELECTRICAL POWER INSTALLERS AND REPAIRERS 38,198 275
579 PAINTERS, CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE 1,805  
584 PLASTERERS 55  
585 PLUMBERS, PIPEFITTERS, AND STEAMFITTERS 27,141 27
588 CONCRETE AND TERRAZZO FINISHERS 446  
589 GLAZIERS 2,582  
593 INSULATION WORKERS 8,093 562
595 ROOFERS 80  
596 SHEETMETAL DUCT INSTALLERS 395 17
597 STRUCTURAL METAL WORKERS 9,358 10
599 CONSTRUCTION TRADES, N.E.C. 6,124  
615 EXPLOSIVES WORKERS 21  
617 MINING OCCUPATIONS, N.E.C. 342  
633 SUPERVISORS, PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS 8,029 728
634 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS 27,385 302
635 TOOL AND DIE MAKER APPRENTICES 264 18
636 PRECISION ASSEMBLERS, METAL 9,010 2,309
637 MACHINISTS 141,571 6,987
639 MACHINIST APPRENTICES 782  
643 BOILERMAKERS 262 6
644 PRECISION GRINDERS, FITTERS, AND TOOL SHARPENERS 278 55
645 PATTERNMAKERS AND MODEL MAKERS, METAL 4,232 852
646 LAY-OUT WORKERS 10  
647 PRECIOUS STONES AND METALS WORKERS (JEWELERS) 170 12
649 ENGRAVERS, METAL 1,115 137
653 SHEET METAL WORKERS 13,108 106
655 MISCELLANEOUS PRECISION METAL WORKERS 509  
657 CABINET MAKERS AND BENCH CARPENTERS 565 151
666 DRESSMAKERS 617 510
667 TAILORS 4,356 1,069
668 UPHOLSTERERS 4,344 1,619
675 HAND MOLDERS AND SHAPERS, EXCEPT JEWELERS 525 23
676 PATTERNMAKERS, LAY-OUT WORKERS, AND CUTTERS 378  
677 OPTICAL GOODS WORKERS 73 3
678 DENTAL LABORATORY AND MEDICAL APPLIANCE TECHNICIANS 2,216  
679 BOOKBINDERS 10,369 4,996
683 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLERS 18,536 9,960
684 MISCELLANEOUS PRECISION WORKERS, N.E.C. 17,433 1,956
687 BAKERS 159 26
688 FOOD BATCHMAKERS 67 34
689 INSPECTORS, TESTERS, AND GRADERS 4,740 1,450
694 WATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT OPERATORS 8  
695 POWER PLANT OPERATORS 543  
696 STATIONARY ENGINEERS 8,191 203
699 MISCELLANEOUS PLANT AND SYSTEM OPERATORS 1,612  
703 LATHE AND TURNING MACHINE SET-UP OPERATORS 1,255 64
704 LATHE AND TURNING MACHINE OPERATORS 5,139 91
705 MILLING AND PLANING MACHINE OPERATORS 3,831 17
706 PUNCHING AND STAMPING PRESS MACHINE OPERATORS 8,324 1,819
707 ROLLING MACHINE OPERATORS 2,900 48
708 DRILLING AND BORING MACHINE OPERATORS 2,276 104
709 GRINDING, ABRADING, BUFFING, AND POLISHING MACHINE OPERATORS 12,629 1,203
713 FORGING MACHINE OPERATORS 556  
714 NUMERICAL CONTROL MACHINE OPERATORS 246  
715 MISCELLANEOUS METAL, PLASTIC, STONE, AND GLASS WORKING MACHINE OPERATORS 3,668 1,326
717 FABRICATING MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 4,279 596
719 MOLDING AND CASTING MACHINE OPERATORS 26,299 6,640
723 METAL PLATING MACHINE OPERATORS 7,694 821
724 HEAT TREATING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 2,924  
725 MISCELLANEOUS METAL AND PLASTIC PROCESSING MACHINE OPERATORS 4,351 328
727 SAWING MACHINE OPERATORS 7,248 724
733 MISCELLANEOUS WOODWORKING MACHINE OPERATORS 4,673 672
734 PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 64,657 9,884
735 PHOTOENGRAVERS AND LITHOGRAPHERS 1,172 51
736 TYPESETTERS AND COMPOSITORS 11,860 1,371
737 MISCELLANEOUS PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS 7,494 2,907
738 WINDING AND TWISTING MACHINE OPERATORS 4,859 3,478
739 KNITTING, LOOPING, TAPING, AND WEAVING MACHINE OPERATORS 6,615 3,267
743 TEXTILE CUTTING MACHINE OPERATORS 416  
744 TEXTILE SEWING MACHINE OPERATORS 173,521 167,072
745 SHOE MACHINE OPERATORS 2,528 753
747 PRESSING MACHINE OPERATORS 14,714 13,662
748 LAUNDERING AND DRY CLEANING MACHINE OPERATORS 14,192 8,405
749 MISCELLANEOUS TEXTILE MACHINE OPERATORS 9,864 2,415
753 CEMENTING AND GLUING MACHINE OPERATORS 3,296 993
754 PACKAGING AND FILLING MACHINE OPERATORS 4,435 2,321
755 EXTRUDING AND FORMING MACHINE OPERATORS 4,674 2,311
756 MIXING AND BLENDING MACHINE OPERATORS 10,227 764
757 SEPARATING, FILTERING, AND CLARIFYING MACHINE OPERATORS 1,725 12
758 COMPRESSING AND COMPACTING MACHINE OPERATORS 879 48
759 PAINTING AND PAINT SPRAYING MACHINE OPERATORS 14,381 1,356
764 WASHING, CLEANING, AND PICKLING MACHINE OPERATORS 565  
765 FOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS 6,706 5,105
766 FURNACE, KILN, AND OVEN OPERATORS, EXC. FOOD 7,869 738
768 CRUSHING AND GRINDING MACHINE OPERATORS 744 94
769 SLICING AND CUTTING MACHINE OPERATORS 15,744 5,399
774 PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS MACHINE OPERATORS 1,732 778
777 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE OPERATORS, N.E.C. 80,502 19,066
779 MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT SPECIFIED 99,820 21,655
783 WELDERS AND CUTTERS 58,587 905
784 SOLDERERS AND BRAZERS 2,559 2,172
785 ASSEMBLERS 242,806 113,175
786 HAND CUTTING AND TRIMMING OCCUPATIONS 699 394
787 HAND MOLDING, CASTING, AND FORMING OCCUPATIONS 368 360
789 HAND PAINTING, COATING, AND DECORATING OCCUPATIONS 3,818 693
793 HAND ENGRAVING AND PRINTING OCCUPATIONS 603 110
794 HAND GRINDING AND POLISHING OCCUPATIONS 13 13
795 MISCELLANEOUS HAND WORKING OCCUPATIONS 742  
796 PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, CHECKERS, AND EXAMINERS 29,379 12,384
797 PRODUCTION TESTERS 4,478 1,327
798 PRODUCTION SAMPLERS AND WEIGHERS 71  
799 GRADERS AND SORTERS, EXCEPT AGRICULTURAL 251 251
804 TRUCK DRIVERS, HEAVY 8,865 363
806 DRIVER-SALES WORKERS 335  
844 OPERATING ENGINEERS 3,400  
849 CRANE AND TOWER OPERATORS 29  
856 INDUSTRIAL TRUCK AND TRACTOR EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 2,656 47
859 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS 6,404 1,218
865 HELPERS, CONSTRUCTION TRADES 549  
869 CONSTRUCTION LABORERS 14,900 458
873 PRODUCTION HELPERS 5,058 1,222
877 STOCK HANDLERS AND BAGGERS 386 101
878 MACHINE FEEDERS AND OFFBEARERS 3,489 1,468
883 FREIGHT, STOCK, AND MATERIAL MOVERS, HAND, N.E.C. 1,178 53
885 GARAGE AND SERVICE STATION RELATED OCCUPATIONS 5,351 293
887 VEHICLE WASHERS AND EQUIPMENT CLEANERS 5,169 2,600
888 HAND PACKERS AND PACKAGERS 27,398 18,999
889 LABORERS, EXCEPT CONSTRUCTION 29,573 1,964
TOTAL 2,528,300 762,399

*(1) The estimates for each occupation apply across the surveyed industries in which the agent was observed. Not all industries were surveyed, and not all agents were observed in all surveyed industries. (2) When using the estimates, standard errors associated with estimates should be considered. (3) Potential exposures to a chemical agent are categorized as actual (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of the specific agent) or tradename (i.e., the surveyor observed the use of a tradename product known to contain the specific agent). The estimates presented in the table combine both categories.

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