Abstract for Short Course 3.1

 

 

Methods for assessing irritation, corrosivity, and sensitization from chemicals

Klaus E. Andersen
Department of Dermatology, Odense University Hospital , University of Southern Denmark

Identification and labelling of dermatototoxic chemicals is a re­quest from consumer organizations, industry, unions and gov­ernmental agencies. Consequently, predictive dermatotoxicologic testing is mandatory. Previously, the vast majority of predictive dermatotoxicology required animal testing. The scientific development together with public and political pressure has increased the focus on the 3 R´s (Reduction, Refinement and Replacement) in order to reduce the use of laboratory animals in toxicology. In vitro alternative methods have been developed as replacement for animal assays with regard to skin corrosivity and phototoxicity. For other end points as skin irritation and delayed hypersensitivity the alternative methods are still in the development phase and validation studies have not been completed with a satisfactory result. Refinement and Reduction have been accomplished to a certain extent concerning contact allergy with the international acceptance of the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) as the first line test for contact allergenicity. With regard to skin irritation human volunteers can be used provided careful selection of test substance and methodology are applied. Further, computer models as Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR) and in vitro methods may be used as screening methods. Continued development of alternative methods may reduce the need for animal tests in the future.

Content last modified: 14 May 2005

Return