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Piperidine

RTECS #: TM3500000

CAS #: 110-89-4

UPDATE: May 2009 MW: 85.17 MF: C5H11N


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Azacyclohexane
  2. Cyclopentimine
  3. Cypentil
  4. Hexahydropyridine
  5. Hexazane
  1. Pentamethyleneimine
  2. Pentamethylenimine
  3. Piperidin (German)
  4. Pyridine, hexahydro -


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		250 µg/24 hour severe 85JCAE -,837,1986
skin
rabbit 		100 µg/24 hour open irritation test severe AIHAAP 23,95,1962
skin
rabbit 		5 mg/24 hour severe 85JCAE -,837,1986


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
DNA damage mouse lymphocyte 8,020 µmol/L MUREAV 203,155,1988
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 5,050 µmol/L MUTAEX 3,193,1988


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 mg/m3/24 hour (4 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TPKVAL 14,40,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/24 hour (4 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) TPKVAL 14,40,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 (4 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) 		TPKVAL 14,40,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 mg/m3 (4 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) TPKVAL 14,40,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 (1-22 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TPKVAL 14,40,1975


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 6,500 mg/m3 N/R TPKVAL 14,90,1975
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 6,000 mg/m3/2 hour N/R TPKVAL 15,116,1979
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/2 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes TPKVAL 10,25,1968
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 6 gm/m3 N/R TPKVAL 9,3,1967
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 6 gm/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP 		TPKVAL 9,91,1967
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration : 2 gm/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		TPKVAL 9,91,1967
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 4,000 ppm/4 hour N/R AIHAAP 23,95,1962
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/4 hour Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		TPKVAL 9,91,1967
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 50 mg/kg N/R JEPTDQ 4(2-3),345,1980
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 160 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		JPMRAB 7,128,1933
ocular
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 8 pph Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Eye: Corneal damage 		TPKVAL 9,91,1967
oral
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22,400 µg/kg N/R TPKVAL 14,90,1975
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 mg/kg N/R TOXIA6 52,389,2008
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 mg/kg N/R TPKVAL 10,25,1968
oral
rat 		lethal dose : 496 mg/kg N/R TPKVAL 9,91,1967
oral
rat 		lethal dose (16 percent kill): 246 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section

Vascular: Structural changes in vessels 		TPKVAL 9,91,1967
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 145 mg/kg N/R 85GMAT -,100,1982
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 300 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		JPMRAB 7,128,1933
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg/3 hour Skin: After topical application: Corrosive TPKVAL 9,91,1967
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 276 mg/kg N/R TOXIA6 52,389,2008
unreported route
frog 		lowest published lethal dose: 1,750 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		85IXA4 -,595,1948
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 371 mg/kg N/R TPKVAL 9,3,1967


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4 hour/17 week- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count 		TNICS* 13,95,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/3 week- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/75 day- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/6 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Blood: Other changes 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/122 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/122 day- intermittent Cardiac: Other changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/6 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/75 day- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4 hour/17 week- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		TNICS* 13,95,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/14 day- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/75 day- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/6 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Blood: Other changes 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/122 day- intermittent Vascular: Structural changes in vessels

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 gm/m3/122 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins 		TPKVAL 13,100,1973
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTIS** OTS0533716


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 1 ppm (3.5 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit - NEW ZEALAND time-weighted average 1 ppm (3.5 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.2 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 1 ppm (3.5 mg/m3) (skin), 2005


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 84370;
Number of Industries 2;
Total Number of Facilities 33;
Number of Occupations 3;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 720
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 84370;
Number of Industries 3;
Total Number of Facilities 29;
Number of Occupations 20;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 5,797;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 729


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Host-mediated assay
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in agriculture and pharmaceuticals, intermediate for rubber accelerators
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC.
JPMRAB Japanese Journal of Medical Sciences, Part 4: Pharmacology. (Tokyo, Japan) V.1-16, 1926-43. For publisher information, see JJPAAZ.
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
TNICS* Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. English translation of TPKVAL. (USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)
TOXIA6 Toxicon. (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW, UK) V.1- 1962-
TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1961-

Used in agriculture and pharmaceuticals, intermediate for rubber accelerators

RTECS Compound Description:
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Natural Product
   Primary Irritant

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