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Phosphorothioic acid, O,O - diethyl O - (3,5,6 - trichloro - 2 - pyridyl) ester

RTECS #: TF6300000

CAS #: 2921-88-2

UPDATE: May 2009 MW: 350.59 MF: C9H11Cl3NO3PS


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 2 - Pyridinol, 3,5,6 - trichloro - , O - ester with O,O - diethyl phosphorothioate
  2. Analytical grade chlorpyrifos
  3. Brodan
  4. Chlorpyrifos
  5. Chlorpyrifos (ACGIH)
  6. Chlorpyrifos - ethyl
  7. Chlorpyriphos
  8. Chlorpyriphos - ethyl
  9. Detmol U.A.
  10. Dowco 179
  11. Dursban
  12. Dursban F
  13. ENT 27311
  1. Ethion, dry
  2. Lorsban
  3. Lorsban 4E
  4. Lorsban 50SL
  5. O,O - Diaethyl - O - 3,5,6 - trichlor - 2 - pyridylmonothiophosphat (German)
  6. O,O - Diethyl O - (3,5,6 - trichloro - 2 - pyridinyl) phosphorothioate
  7. O,O - Diethyl O - 3,5,6 - trichloro - 2 - pyridyl phosphorothioate
  8. OMS - 0971
  9. Piridane
  10. Pyrinex
  11. Stipend
  12. Zidil


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis mouse other cell types 500 µg/L MUREAV 279,165,1992
DNA damage human liver 10 µmol/L TOXID9 -,73,2008
DNA damage oral
mouse 		0.28 mg/kg MUREAV 516,139,2002
DNA inhibition human other cell types 3 µmol/L/1 hour TXAPA9 206,17,2005
sister chromatid exchange human lymphocyte 2 mg/L MUREAV 102,89,1982
sister chromatid exchange mouse other cell types 1 mg/L MUREAV 279,165,1992
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		50 ppb ENMUDM 5,835,1983
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		50 ppb MUREAV 279,15,1992


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg (1 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) REPTED 17,401,2003
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg (10 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth) 		REPTED 20,267,2005
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg (10 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		REPTED 20,267,2005
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 210 µg/kg (1-7 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system VHTODE 34,498,1992
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,500 µg/kg (7-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system VHTODE 34,498,1992
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TXAPA9 54,31,1980
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 6 mg/kg (multigenerations) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 22,263,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 24 mg/kg (15-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system REPTED 22,263,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg (15-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		TOSCF2 93,105,2006
oral
pigeon 		lowest published toxic dose: 35 mg/kg (7 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility

Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects 		TOXID9 -,14,2008
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg (14-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female TOSCF2 52,92,1999
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 135 mg/kg (6-22 day pregnant/10 day after birth) Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic 		TOSCF2 53,438,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system 		REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg (6-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic 		TOSCF2 77,83,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg (6-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system TOXID9 66,131,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg (14 day pregnant-7 day after birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system 		TOXID9 66,138,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg (14-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 66,130,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		ARTODN 76,30,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg (6-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TOXID9 60,240,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 252 mg/kg (1-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) JTSCDR 31,521,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 315 mg/kg (1-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) JTSCDR 31,521,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		INJPD2 39,145,2007
oral
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 12,180 mg/kg (6-19 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system FEREAC 60,7509,1995
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg (6-17 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TERPM* -,394,2006
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg (17-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TOXID9 12,466,2008
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mL/kg (12 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system 		JTEHD6 44,189,1995
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (12-19 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus 		PBBHAU 53,771,1996
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (12-19 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		PBBHAU 53,771,1996
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg (17-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Drug dependence 		NETEEC 24,733,2002
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg (9-12 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		NETEEC 26,95,2004
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg (17-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TOXID9 66,130,2002
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg (18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system 		JTEHD6 63,173,2001
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.6 mg/kg (5-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) 		TOXID9 72,127,2003
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.7 mg/kg (4-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		TOXID9 78,274,2004
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.7 mg/kg (4-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		ARTODN 78,467,2004
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 17 mg/kg (4-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		TOXID9 90,295,2006
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 17 mg/kg (4-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		ARTODN 80,620,2006


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >0.2 gm/m3/4 hour N/R ENTOX* -,583,2005
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 192 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 65,144,1982
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOLED5 135,89,2002
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases 		TXAPA9 205,149,2005
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		TXAPA9 211,78,2006
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases 		TXAPA9 224,98,2007
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Tremor 		TXAPA9 227,42,2008
intraperitoneal
non-mammalian species 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Blood: Changes in spleen

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response 		TOXID9 78,321,2004
intraperitoneal
non-mammalian species 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TOXID9 78,321,2004
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,312,2002
multiple
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 45 pph/15 minute Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Sensory change involving peripheral nerve

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage)

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		JTCTDW 41,883,2003
oral
wild bird 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 21,315,1972
oral
chicken 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 25,400 µg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold 		TXAPA9 11,49,1967
oral
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia ARTODN 76,367,2002
oral
chicken 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18.14 mg/kg N/R TOLED5 174,110,2007
oral
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg Eye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold 		TOLED5 174,110,2007
oral
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning 		TOLED5 174,110,2007
oral
duck 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 76 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 20,57,1971
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,311,2002
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 504 mg/kg N/R FMCHA2 -,C74,1991
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal dose: 299 mg/kg N/R RTOPDW 35,105,2002
oral
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		TOSCF2 66,34,2002
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Paresthesia

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Behavioral: Coma 		ARTODN 59,176,1986
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.71 mL/kg Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VHTODE 43,34,2001
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Fasciculations

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg N/R TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 75 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		FCTOD7 46,797,2008
oral
pigeon 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 mg/kg N/R ASTTA8 (680),157,1979
oral
quail 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 13,300 µg/kg N/R ASTTA8 (680),157,1979
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 82 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 14,515,1969
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 23.5 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Autonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NRTXDN 22,39,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests TXCYAC 146,1,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase TXCYAC 177,215,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOXID9 72,305,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 8 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 72,308,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease TOXID9 72,308,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 72,309,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		TOSCF2 66,34,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TOSCF2 77,63,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 69 mg/kg N/R RTOPDW 35,105,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		TOXID9 66,35,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg Behavioral: Tremor

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		ARTODN 76,30,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,312,2002
oral
rat 		lethal dose (40 percent kill): 80 mg/kg N/R TOXID9 66,313,2002
oral
rat 		lethal dose (10 percent kill): 136 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 60,241,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		TOXID9 60,246,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOXID9 60,246,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG TOXID9 60,246,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 8 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TXAPA9 210,142,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases TXCYAC 217,1,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		TXCYAC 217,1,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2.4 mg/kg Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOVEFN (3),15,1993
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXAPA9 210,142,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Fasciculations

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		TXCYAC 220,13,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 220,13,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Fasciculations

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		TXAPA9 205,31,2005
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 68 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Fasciculations

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 238,157,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 238,157,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Fasciculations TXCYAC 238,157,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg Behavioral: Sleep

Behavioral: Tremor 		TXCYAC 237,145,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction) 		TOSCF2 92,235,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOSCF2 92,235,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP

Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		BCLPT* 96,503,2005
oral
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 1,000 mg/kg N/R RTOPDW 35,105,2002
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 gm/kg N/R ENTOX* -,583,2005
oral
woman 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.33 mL/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis with appropriate anesthesia

Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		TOLED5 159,235,2005
oral
woman 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 mL/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Behavioral: Rigidity (includes catalepsy)

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		CTOXAO 43,877,2005
subcutaneous
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal dose: 100 mg/kg N/R JEENAI 60,733,1967
subcutaneous
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 390 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 60,242,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOXID9 72,305,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 13.5 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase NETEEC 25,599,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NETEEC 25,599,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 166 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NETEEC 26,305,2004
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOXID9 66,316,2002
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		JPETAB 305,375,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 84 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 90,301,2006
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 84 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXAPA9 216,150,2006
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXAPA9 219,136,2007
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NRTXDN 28,541,2007
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine in striatum 		TOLED5 176,162,2008
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		JTEHF8 67,431,2004
skin
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 mg/kg N/R YKYUA6 38,745,1987
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOLED5 151,219,2004
skin
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 202 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 14,515,1969
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) 		JTEHD6 63,173,2001
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,000 mg/kg N/R USXXAM #6193990
unreported route
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 163 mg/kg N/R JAFCAU 27,712,1979
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 150 mg/kg N/R 30ZDA9 -,339,1971
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		TOXID9 44,197,2005
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 279 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 60,241,2001
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 279 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		TOXID9 60,241,2001


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 980 mg/kg/2 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		TXAPA9 11,49,1967
oral
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 28 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOLED5 174,110,2007
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,190 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		FCTXAV 12,47,1974
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,190 mg/kg/2 year- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		RTOPDW 35,105,2002
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 7 mg/kg/1 week- continuous Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,311,2002
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 84 mg/kg/6 week- continuous Cardiac: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,311,2002
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 8.4 mg/kg/4 week- continuous Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,312,2002
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 365 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 60,322,2001
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 39.6 mg/kg/30 day- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		FCTOD7 41,767,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 79.2 mg/kg/60 day- continuous Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Luekopenia 		FCTOD7 41,767,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 24 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction REPTED 22,263,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 125 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 93.6 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 31.25 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 15.6 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Endocrine: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) 		TXCYAC 234,90,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 639 mg/kg/10 week- intermittent Blood: Luekopenia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		JTSCDR 32,111,2007
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 447.3 mg/kg/7 week- intermittent Behavioral: Tremor

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JTSCDR 32,111,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 730 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase FCTXAV 12,47,1974
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21,840 µg/kg/28 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		ESKHA5 (106),48,1988
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Tremor 		TOXID9 36(1 Pt2),345,1997
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 210 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		TOSCF2 55,124,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/4 week- intermittent Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NETEEC 22,237,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg/4 week- intermittent Behavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NETEEC 22,237,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase 		NETEEC 22,237,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NETEEC 23,33,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 57 mg/kg/12 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOSCF2 59,260,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 111 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOSCF2 59,260,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TOSCF2 59,260,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 213 mg/kg/24 week- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		TXCYAC 177,215,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 127.5 mg/kg/24 week- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulation TXCYAC 177,215,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/15 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase TXCYAC 177,215,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain REPTED 17,203,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,820 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 72,309,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 119 mg/kg/17 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase TXCYAC 177,215,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 9 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TOSCF2 76,400,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOSCF2 77,63,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4.2 mg/kg/28 day- continuous Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		FCTOD7 42,1269,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4.2 mg/kg/28 day- continuous Blood: Other changes FCTOD7 42,1269,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg/9 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		RTOPDW 35,105,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 44,198,2005
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 66 mg/kg/11 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		TOXID9 44,199,2005
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 44,199,2005
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 79.5 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other TOXID9 44,199,2005
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4.5 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,131,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg/16 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) 		TOXID9 66,138,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 53 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 78,273,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/24 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases 		TOXID9 78,276,2004
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 42 mg/kg/31 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 1,113,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 126 mg/kg/31 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other TOXID9 1,113,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOXID9 1,113,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Behavioral: Excitement TOXID9 1,113,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 26 mg/kg/17 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TOXID9 1,113,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,313,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 42 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,313,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 364 mg/kg/1 year- intermittent Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,313,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,820 mg/kg/1 year- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,313,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 270 mg/kg/1 year- intermittent Eye: Retinal changes pigmentary deposition, retinitis, other) TOXID9 60,245,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg/20 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins 		TOXID9 90,295,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 378 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		TOLED5 163,235,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TOSCF2 92,500,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 9 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOSCF2 92,500,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 315 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Eye: Hemorrhage

Behavioral: Tremor 		JTSCDR 31,521,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 105 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal) JTSCDR 31,521,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 252 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JTSCDR 31,521,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 378 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TOLED5 169,26,2007
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg/9 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		INJPD2 39,145,2007
oral
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,960 mg/kg/13 day- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		FEREAC 60,7509,1995
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine in striatum 		NRTXDN 23,537,2002
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 4.5 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites TOXID9 60,238,2001
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine in striatum TOXID9 60,238,2001
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 60,242,2001
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TOSCF2 93,105,2006
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOSCF2 93,105,2006
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Aggression

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOSCF2 93,105,2006
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOSCF2 93,105,2006
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/12 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TERPM* -,394,2006
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests TXAPA9 174,89,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.6 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests TXAPA9 174,89,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		NETEEC 23,33,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/1 hour/4 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		ARTODN 75,480,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/42 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 72,305,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 160 mg/kg/16 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		PBBHAU 46,219,1993
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins 		TXAPA9 195,203,2004
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins 		TXAPA9 203,132,2005
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TOXID9 66,130,2002
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning 		TOXID9 1,114,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/9 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		TOXID9 60,241,2001
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JPETAB 305,375,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		JPETAB 305,375,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests JPETAB 305,375,2003
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/35 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase TOPADD 33,378,2005
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 26 mg/kg/13 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) TOXID9 72,89,2003
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests ARTODN 77,452,2003
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 66,314,2002
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS TOXID9 72,124,2003
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10.5 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		TOXID9 72,309,2003
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOXID9 72,309,2003
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning TOXID9 44,197,2005
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes TOXID9 66,130,2002
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases TOXID9 60,241,2001


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (inhalable, vapor, skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2007
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not classifiable as human carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 539,77,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 127,101,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
RREVAH 63,1,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 127,29,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PPTHFJ 42,55,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
REPTED 22,196,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
REPTED 22,164,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 21,93,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
APHRER 40,1040,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NETOX* 26,573,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CCATAR 366,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CCATAR 366,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENTOX* -,583,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENTOX* -,306,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENTOX* -,308,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
REPTED 23,260,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FEREAC 72,44439,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FEREAC 72,44439,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
REPTED 26,1,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JTPAE7 19,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
HUTOX* -,541,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
HTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 681,3,2009


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Supported RBREV* -,99,1998
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (vapor, aerosol), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, OCT 2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 0.2 mg/m3, Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit - KOREA time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3, skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit - MEXICO time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3;
short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3 (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 0.2 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NEW ZEALAND time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.2 mg/m3, DEC2006
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3;
short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3 (skin), 2005
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Not classifiable as human carcinogen
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Not classifiable as human carcinogen


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO CHLORPYRIFOS-air 10 hour time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3;
short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3 (Sk) 		NIOSH* DHHS #95-121,1995
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M4463;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 753;
Number of Occupations 3;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 22,523
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: T0714;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 7;
Number of Occupations 1;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 7
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: M4463;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 1,276;
Number of Occupations 3;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 11,404;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 842


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/103088/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast; TRP reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
Used for control of fire ants, turf and ornamental plant insects, mosquitoes, etc.
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Organophosphorus pesticides, 5600
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #62


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
30ZDA9 "Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971
APHRER Annals of Pharmacotherpy. (Harvey Whitney Books Co., POB 42696, Cincinnati, OH 45242) V. 26- 1992-
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
ASTTA8 ASTM Special Technical Publication. (American Soc. for Testing Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103) No.1- 1911-
BCLPT* Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology (Copenhagen, Denmark : Nordic Pharmacological Society Oxford, UK : Distributed by Blackwell Munksgaard) V.94- 2004-
CCATAR Clinica Chimica Acta. (Elsevier Science B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1956-
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW.
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
ENTOX* Encyclopedia of Toxicology: Reference Book, Elsevier, 2005
ESKHA5 Eisei Shikenjo Hokoku. Bulletin of the Institute of Hygienic Sciences. (Kokuritsu Eisei Shikenjo Kagaku, 18-1 Bushitsu Johobu, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan) V.1- 1886-
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7.
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
FMCHA2 Farm Chemicals Handbook. (Meister Pub., 37841 Euclid Ave., Willoughy, OH 44094)
HTOPA*
HUTOX*
INJPD2 Indian Journal of Pharmacology. (Dept. of Pharmacology, Baranas Hindu Univ., Varanasi 221 005, India) V.1- 1968(?)-
JAFCAU Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1953-
JEENAI Journal of Economic Entomology. (Entomological Soc. of America, 4603 Calvert Rd., College Park, MD 20740) V.1- 1908-
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
JTEHF8 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. (Taylor & Francis, 47 Runway Rd., Suite G, Levittown, PA 19057) V.53- 1998-
JTPAE7 Journal of Toxicologic Pathology. (Nihon Dokusei Byori Gakkai, editor, 3-25-8 Nishi- shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan) V.1- 1988
JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987-
NETOX* NeuroToxicology (Amsterdam : Elsevier Science) V.1- 1979-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NRTXDN Neurotoxicology. (Intox Press, Inc., POB 34075, Little Rock, AR 72203) V.1- 1979-
PBBHAU Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior. (ANKHO International Inc., P.O. Box 426, Fayetteville, NY 13066) V.1- 1973-
PPTHFJ Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics (London Academic Press, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY United Kingdom) V. 10, Feb. 1997-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
REPTED Reproductive Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987-
RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962-
RTOPDW Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981-
TERPM*
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOPADD Toxicologic Pathology. (c/o Dr. F.A. de la Iglesia, Warner-Lambert Co., Pharmaceutical Research Div., POB 1047, Ann Arbor, MI 48106) V.6(3/4)- 1978-
TOSCF2 Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887 ) V. 41, Jan. 1998-
TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9, Washington, DC 20231)
VHTODE Veterinary and Human Toxicology. (American College of Veterinary and Comparative Toxicology, Publication Office, Comparative Toxicology, Manhattan, KS 66506) V.19- 1977-
YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950-

Used for control of fire ants, turf and ornamental plant insects, mosquitoes, etc.

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data

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