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2,7 - Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3' - ( (4,4' - biphenylylene) bis (azo) ) bis (5 - amino - 4 - hydroxy - , tetrasodium salt

RTECS #: QJ6400000

CAS #: 2602-46-2

UPDATE: August 2007 MW: 932.78 MF: C32H20N6O14S4•4Na


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Airedale Blue 2BD
  2. Aizen Direct Blue 2BH
  3. Amanil Blue 2BX
  4. Atlantic Blue 2B
  5. Atul Direct Blue 2B
  6. Azocard Blue 2B
  7. Azomine Blue 2B
  8. Belamine Blue 2B
  9. Bencidal Blue 2B
  10. Benzanil Blue 2B
  11. Benzo Blue BBA - CF
  12. Benzo Blue BBN - CF
  13. Benzo Blue GS
  14. Blue 2B
  15. Blue 2B salt
  16. Brasilamina Blue 2B
  17. C.I. 22610
  18. C.I. Direct Blue 6
  19. C.I. Direct Blue 6, tetrasodium salt
  20. Calcomine Blue 2B
  21. Chloramine Blue 2B
  22. Chlorazol Blue B
  23. Chlorazol Blue BP
  24. Chrome Leather Blue 2B
  25. Cresotine Blue 2B
  26. Diacotton Blue BB
  27. Diamine Blue 2B
  28. Diamine Blue BB
  29. Diaphtamine Blue BB
  30. Diazine Blue 2B
  1. Diazol Blue 2B
  2. Diphenyl Blue 2B
  3. Diphenyl Blue KF
  4. Diphenyl Blue M2B
  5. Direct Blue 6
  6. Direct Blue A
  7. Direct Blue 2B
  8. Direct Blue BB
  9. Direct Blue GS
  10. Direct Blue K
  11. Enianil Blue 2BN
  12. Fenamin Blue 2B
  13. Fixanol Blue 2B
  14. Hispamin Blue 2B
  15. Indigo Blue 2B
  16. Kayaku Direct
  17. Mitsui Direct Blue 2BN
  18. Modr Prima 6 (Czech)
  19. NCI - C54579
  20. Naphtamine Blue 2B
  21. Niagara Blue 2B
  22. Nippon Blue BB
  23. Paramine Blue 2B
  24. Phenamine Blue BB
  25. Pheno Blue 2B
  26. Pontamine Blue BB
  27. Sodium diphenyl - 4,4' - bis - azo - 2 - 8 - amino - 1 - naphthol - 3,6 - disulphonate
  28. Tertrodirect Blue 2B
  29. Vondacel Blue 2B


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
DNA adduct intraperitoneal
rat 		61,200 µg/kg TXCYAC 32,315,1984
DNA damage oral
mouse 		2 gm/kg MUREAV 465,11,2000
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 100 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 22,188,1993
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 100 nmol/plate (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 136,33,1984


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		PSEBAA 127,215,1968
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 140 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) PSEBAA 127,215,1968
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TJADAB 2,85,1969
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) BIJOAK 91,14P,1964
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities BIJOAK 91,14P,1964
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 167 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear 		TJADAB 4,327,1971


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
implant
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors 		TJIDAH 88,467,1973
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 34 gm/kg/60 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors 		TJIDAH 88,467,1973
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,250 mg/kg/5 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-108,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 2,310 mg/kg/4 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-108,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 13,650 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		TXAPA9 54,431,1980
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg/27 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		BJEPA5 38,291,1957


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8,760 mg/kg N/R TSCAT* OTS 215154
oral
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kg N/R TSCAT* OTS 215154
skin
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg N/R TSCAT* OTS 215154


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		: 136,500 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
mouse 		: 8,190 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
rat 		: 5,118.75 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
rat 		: 20,475 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
rat 		: 8,190 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Tumors

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
rat 		: 1,296.75 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition NTPTR* NTP-TR-108
oral
rat 		: 13,650 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Tumors NTPTR* NTP-TR-108


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 29,311,1982
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 29,311,1982
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ADTEAS 1,131,1966
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 612,58,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 612,58,2006


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M1416;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 94;
Number of Occupations 10;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,333
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: M1416;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 70;
Number of Occupations 6;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 3,450;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 394


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC 47,26992,82
Used to dye cellulose, silk, leather, paper and produce aqueous writing inks
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 24, 1978
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Dyes, 5013
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);clear evidence:rat NCITR* NCI-TR-108,1978
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);no evidence:mouse NCITR* NCI-TR-108,1978
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Known to be human carcinogen
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TR-108, October 2000


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
ADTEAS Advances in Teratology. (New York, NY) V.1-5, 1966-72. Discontinued.
BIJOAK Biochemical Journal. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1906-
BJEPA5 British Journal of Experimental Pathology. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1920-
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04-
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
TJIDAH Tokyo Jikeikai Ika Daigaku Zasshi. Tokyo Jikeikai Medical Journal. (3-25-8, Nishi Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan) V.66- 1951-
TSCAT* Office of Toxic Substances Report. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460)
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-

Used to dye cellulose, silk, leather, paper and produce aqueous writing inks

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector

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