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| UPDATE: August 2008 | MW: 496.94 | MF: C22H24N2O9•ClH |
SYNONYMS:
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SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
|
| EFFECT
REFERENCE
|
N/R |
N/R
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N/R
|
N/R
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MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
SYSTEM TEST
|
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM/ TISSUE
DOSE
|
REFERENCE
|
DNA adduct
|
Bacillus subtilis
|
10 µmol/L
|
BIORAK 39,587,1974
|
DNA adduct
|
mammal (species unspecified)
lymphocyte
|
20 mg/L
|
BIORAK 39,587,1974
|
DNA adduct
|
other microorganisms
|
10 mg/L
|
BIORAK 39,587,1974
|
DNA adduct
|
other microorganisms
|
10 µmol/L
|
BIORAK 39,587,1974
|
unscheduled DNA synthesis
|
mammal (species unspecified)
lymphocyte
|
20 mg/L
|
BIORAK 39,587,1974
|
micronucleus test
|
oral | mouse
100 mg/kg/24 hour- intermittent
|
MUREAV 117,193,1983
|
specific locus test
|
mouse
lymphocyte
|
200 mg/L
|
EMMUEG 17,196,1991
|
specific locus test
|
inhalation | mouse
616 µmol/L
|
MUREAV 608,29,2006
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REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
|
| EFFECT
REFERENCE
|
oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 21 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina
|
NTIS** PB83-151027
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oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 21 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
|
NTIS** #PB83-151027
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oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 13.3 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
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Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
|
NTIS** #PB83-151027
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 11,250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
NTIS** PB83-182469
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 12 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
|
FAATDF 7,434,1986
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 12 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
|
NTIS** #PB83-182469
|
parenteral | woman
lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg (20 week pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion
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GOBIDS 26,177,1988
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subcutaneous | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg (10-18 day pregnant)
|
Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
CRSBAW 161,300,1967
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TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
|
| EFFECT
REFERENCE
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 1,802 gm/kg/2 year
|
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Endocrine: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-315,1987
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 2,163,000 mg/kg/103 week- continuous
|
Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria | Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors
NTIS** PB87-204103/AS
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 1,802,500 mg/kg/103 week- continuous
|
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Brain and Coverings: Tumors
NTIS** PB87-204103/AS
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ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
|
| EFFECT
REFERENCE
|
intravenous | dog
lowest published lethal dose: 100 mg/kg
|
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
ANYAA9 53,238,1950
|
intravenous | mouse
lethal dose (50 percent kill): 100 mg/kg
|
N/R
|
85FZAT -,490,1967
|
intravenous | rat
lethal dose (50 percent kill): 302 mg/kg
|
N/R
|
JPETAB 99,234,1950
|
intravenous | rabbit
lowest published lethal dose: 80 mg/kg
|
Behavioral: Tremor | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Excitement
JPETAB 99,234,1950
|
oral | mouse
lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,696 mg/kg
|
N/R
|
ANYAA9 53,238,1950
|
subcutaneous | mouse
lethal dose (50 percent kill): 600 mg/kg
|
N/R
|
ANYAA9 53,245,1950
|
subcutaneous | rat
lethal dose (50 percent kill): 800 mg/kg
|
N/R
|
ARZNAD 9,711,1959
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OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
|
| EFFECT
REFERENCE
|
oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 129 gm/kg/14 day- continuous
|
Behavioral: Food intake (animal) | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
NTPTR* NTP-TR-315,1987
|
oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 21,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent
|
Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | Liver: Changes in liver weight Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair
NTIS** #PB83-151027
|
oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 21,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent
|
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) | Behavioral: Sleep Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
NTIS** #PB83-151027
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oral | mouse
lowest published toxic dose: 13,250 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent
|
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
|
NTIS** #PB83-151027
|
oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 108 gm/kg/14 day- continuous
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Behavioral: Food intake (animal) | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
NTPTR* NTP-TR-315,1987
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oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 7,200 mg/kg/6 day- intermittent
|
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
|
NTIS** #PB83-182469
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oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 12,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent
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Liver: Changes in liver weight
|
NTIS** #PB83-182469
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REVIEWS:
ORGANIZATION
|
STANDARD
|
|
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
|
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MUTAEX 14,5,1999
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TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
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MUREAV 584,1,2005
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TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
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REPTED 25,192,2008
|
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
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REPTED 25,192,2008
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STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
ORGANIZATION
|
STANDARD
|
|
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988
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PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
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FEREAC 54,7740,1989
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF
|
PESTICIDES: RED Completed
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RBREV* -,140,1998
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NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
ORGANIZATION
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STANDARD or SURVEY
|
|
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974
|
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 83236; | Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 49; Number of Occupations 6; Total Number of Employees Exposed 9,441
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983
|
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 83236 |
Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 763; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 20,845; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 16,524 | ||||
STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
ORGANIZATION
|
|
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
|
Used as a pharmaceutical and veterinary drug
|
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (feed);equivocal evidence:rat
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NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (feed);no evidence:mouse
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REFERENCES:
CODEN
|
|
REFERENCE
85FZAT
|
"Index of Antibiotics from Actinomycetes," Umezawa, H. et al., eds., Tokyo, Univ. of Tokyo
Press, 1967
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ANYAA9
|
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New
York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877-
|
ARZNAD
|
Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960
Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
|
BIORAK
|
Biochemistry (English Translation). Translation of BIOHAO. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring
St., New York, NY 10013) V.21- 1956-
|
CRSBAW
|
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. (SPPIF, B.P.22,
F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.1- 1849-
|
EMMUEG
|
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY
10003) V.10- 1987-
|
FAATDF
|
Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)
V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
|
FEREAC
|
Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
V.1- 1936-
|
GOBIDS
|
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New York, NY
10003) V.9- 1978-
|
JPETAB
|
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E.
Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
|
MUREAV
|
Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-
1964-
|
MUTAEX
|
Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ,
UK) V.1- 1986-
|
NTIS**
|
National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse
for Scientific & Technical Information.
|
NTPTR*
|
National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709)
No.206-
|
RBREV*
|
Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report),
Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
|
REPTED
|
Reproductive Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY
10523) V.1- 1987-
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