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Methanesulfonic acid, ethyl ester

RTECS #: PB2100000

CAS #: 62-50-0

UPDATE: May 2009 MW: 124.17 MF: C3H8O3S


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. EMS
  2. ENT 26396
  3. Ethyl ester of methanesulfonic acid
  4. Ethyl ester of methanesulphonic acid
  5. Ethyl ester of methylsulfonic acid
  6. Ethyl ester of methylsulphonic acid
  7. Ethyl methanesulfonate
  8. Ethyl methanesulphonate
  1. Ethyl methansulfonate
  2. Ethyl methansulphonate
  3. Ethylester kyseliny methansulfonove (Czech)
  4. Half - myleran
  5. Methanesulphonic acid ethyl ester
  6. Methylsulfonic acid, ethyl ester
  7. NSC 26805
  8. RCRA waste number U119


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
chicken 		133 mg/kg MUREAV 96,53,1982
cytogenetic analysis oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		25 mmol/L MUREAV 10,597,1970
cytogenetic analysis multiple
frog 		150 ppm/72 hour- continuous MUREAV 560,69,2004
cytogenetic analysis parenteral
grasshopper 		100 mmol/L IJEBA6 24,460,1986
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 200 mg/L MUTAEX 4,394,1989
cytogenetic analysis hamster fibroblast 1 mmol/L CSFUDY 5,175,1980
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 200 mg/L MUREAV 67,249,1979
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 720 mg/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) RTOPDW 36,69,2002
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 8 mg/L/2 hour FCTOD7 45,928,2007
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 800 mg/L/6 hour (-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 46,1042,2008
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 600 mg/L/22 hour (-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 46,1042,2008
cytogenetic analysis human fibroblast 1 µmol/L EVSRBT 24,433,1981
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 250 mg/L PNASA6 72,4066,1975
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 10 mmol/L/3 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 536,27,2003
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 8 mmol/L/20 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 536,27,2003
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 13.5 mmol/L/3 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 536,27,2003
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 200 mg/L/48 hour (-enzymatic activation step) TXCYAC 200,39,2004
cytogenetic analysis mouse Ascites tumor 250 mg/kg GENTAE 64(Suppl),12,1970
cytogenetic analysis oral
mouse 		300 mg/kg GENTAE 76,109,1974
cytogenetic analysis subcutaneous
mouse 		175 mg/kg JTSCDR 12,33,1987
cytogenetic analysis mouse lymphocyte 5 mmol/L OYYAA2 24,703,1982
cytogenetic analysis mouse lymphocyte 200 mg/L MUTAEX 4,394,1989
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
mouse 		300 mg/kg MUREAV 537,43,2003
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
non-mammalian species 		248 mg/kg MUREAV 172,165,1986
cytogenetic analysis skin
other fish 		8 mg/L MUREAV 91,347,1981
cytogenetic analysis skin
other fish 		8 mg/L EESADV 5,261,1981
cytogenetic analysis intramuscular
other fish 		0.2 pph MUREAV 542,1,2003
cytogenetic analysis skin
other insects 		1 µg CCUPAD 28,352,1976
cytogenetic analysis oral
rat 		300 mg/kg IYKEDH 11,566,1980
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
rat 		125 mg/kg/48 hour- continuous EMMUEG 12,235,1988
dominant lethal test multiple
frog 		400 mg/L ENMUDM 6,719,1984
dominant lethal test intraperitoneal
mouse 		76 mg/kg TXAPA9 23,288,1972
dominant lethal test oral
mouse 		300 mg/kg MUREAV 53,21,1978
dominant lethal test oral
other insects 		5,000 ppm AESAAI 62,790,1969
dominant lethal test skin
other insects 		5,000 ppm AESAAI 62,790,1969
dominant lethal test parenteral
other insects 		20 µg MUREAV 7,63,1969
dominant lethal test intraperitoneal
rat 		50 mg/kg TCMUD8 7,497,1987
dominant lethal test parenteral
silkworm 		500 ppm MUREAV 56,299,1978
DNA adduct hamster embryo 20.6 µmol/L/1 hour MUREAV 563,35,2004
DNA adduct human HeLa cell 5 µmol/L MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct mouse Ascites tumor 5 µmol/L MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct intraperitoneal
mouse 		100 mg/kg TCMUD8 20,27,2000
DNA adduct salmon sperm 39 µmol/6 hour- continuous BIJOAK 145,73,1975
DNA damage Bacillus subtilis 290 mmol/L MUREAV 9,141,1970
DNA damage oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 mmol/L/12 hour MUTAEX 503,11,2002
DNA damage Drosophila melanogaster other cell types 5 mmol/L/1 hour MUTAEX 19,85,2004
DNA damage oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		0.5 mmol/L/24 hour MUTAEX 20,285,2005
DNA damage Escherichia coli 20 µmol/L MUREAV 52,161,1978
DNA damage hamster lung 1 mmol/L/1 hour BBRCA9 72,732,1976
DNA damage hamster ovary 25 mmol/L MUREAV 92,361,1982
DNA damage hamster other cell types 5 mmol/L/3 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 39,843,2001
DNA damage hamster lung 5 mmol/L/3 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 536,27,2003
DNA damage hamster ovary 1,210 mg/L/3 hour MUREAV 537,151,2003
DNA damage hamster ovary 6.057 mmol/L/4 hour EMMUEG 40,134,2002
DNA damage Haemophilus influenzae 100 mmol/L MUREAV 125,15,1984
DNA damage human other cell types 3 mmol/L TIVIEQ 6,149,1992
DNA damage human fibroblast 50 mmol/L CRNGDP 3,7,1982
DNA damage human lymphocyte 100 µmol/L/3 minute MUREAV 587,52,2005
DNA damage human other cell types 100 µmol/L/3 minute MUREAV 587,52,2005
DNA damage human lymphocyte 156.25 mg/L/48 hour MUREAV 607,160,2006
DNA damage human lymphocyte 1 mmol/L/30 minute MUTAEX 22,123,2007
DNA damage mammal (species unspecified) kidney 100 µmol/L JTEHD6 6,333,1980
DNA damage mouse lymphocyte 2,500 µmol/L MUREAV 203,155,1988
DNA damage intraperitoneal
mouse 		150 mg/kg EMMUEG 17(Suppl 19),19,1991
DNA damage unreported route
mouse 		240 mg/kg PACHAS 42,209,1975
DNA damage oral
mouse 		300 mg/kg MUREAV 577S,1,2005
DNA damage mouse other cell types 0.5 mmol/L/3 hour MUREAV 650,87,2008
DNA damage other fish testis 170 mmol/L ABBIA4 97,80,1962
DNA damage other microorganisms 20 mmol BBACAQ 174,674,1969
DNA damage other microorganisms 258 mmol/L BIJOAK 145,85,1975
DNA damage other microorganisms 250 mmol/L VIRLAX 35,601,1968
DNA damage intravenous
rat 		31 mg/kg TCMUD8 7,175,1987
DNA damage parenteral
rat 		110 mg/kg CALEDQ 11,199,1980
DNA damage oral
rat 		500 mg/kg/2 day- intermittent PAACA3 14,28,1973
DNA damage rat liver 30 µmol/L SinJF# 26OCT1982
DNA damage intraperitoneal
rat 		30 mg/kg MUREAV 605,7,2006
DNA damage rat liver 300 µmol/L/3 hour MUREAV 629,49,2007
DNA damage salmon sperm 200 mmol/L EJBCAI 31,103,1972
DNA damage Salmonella typhimurium 20 mmol/L/2 hour EMMUEG 46,126,2005
DNA damage Saccharomyes cerevisiae 1,167 mg/L/17 hour MUREAV 633,80,2007
DNA inhibition hamster ovary 30 mmol/L MUREAV 400,169,1998
DNA inhibition hamster lung 4 mmol/L CNREA8 40,682,1980
DNA inhibition human HeLa cell 10 mmol/L/30 minute- continuous JEPTDQ 2(1),65,1978
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal
mouse 		300 mg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA inhibition mouse embryo 5 mmol/L CNREA8 40,682,1980
DNA inhibition skin
other insects 		1 µg CCUPAD 28,352,1976
DNA inhibition other microorganisms 5 mmol/L MGGEAE 150,301,1977
DNA inhibition rat sperm 1 gm/L HEREAY 99,269,1983
DNA repair Bacillus subtilis 2 mg/disc MUREAV 97,1,1982
DNA repair Escherichia coli 2 mg/disc MUREAV 97,1,1982
DNA repair human fibroblast 20 µmol/L 33AQAA -,103,1976
DNA repair other microorganisms 620 µg/plate BIZNAT 95,463,1976
DNA repair Salmonella typhimurium 12 µg/disc MUREAV 39,285,1977
DNA repair Saccharomyes cerevisiae 2,500 nmol/L CNJGA8 24,771,1982
DNA repair Schizosaccharomyces pombe 2,500 nmol/L CNJGA8 24,771,1982
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		25 mmol/L GENTAE 104,279,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis domestic animal kidney 1 µmol/L CBINA8 13,243,1976
unscheduled DNA synthesis hamster lung 8 mg/L PNASA6 77,6072,1980
unscheduled DNA synthesis hamster embryo 10 mmol/L JTEHD6 6,333,1980
unscheduled DNA synthesis human other cell types 500 mg/L MUREAV 271,201,1992
unscheduled DNA synthesis human fibroblast 1 mmol/L/3 hour IJCNAW 16,284,1975
unscheduled DNA synthesis human HeLa cell 1 mmol/L CNREA8 38,2621,1978
unscheduled DNA synthesis human lung 400 mg/L ENMUDM 5,177,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis human other cell types 500 mg/L MUREAV 140,43,1984
unscheduled DNA synthesis human other cell types 1 mmol/L TXAPA9 79,28,1985
unscheduled DNA synthesis mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 1 µmol/L CBINA8 8,113,1974
unscheduled DNA synthesis intraperitoneal
mouse 		100 mg/kg IDZAAW 54,405,1979
unscheduled DNA synthesis mouse testis 1 mmol/L/3 hour ARTODN 37,195,1977
unscheduled DNA synthesis mouse other cell types 100 µg/L CRNGDP 9,1197,1988
unscheduled DNA synthesis other fish liver 10 mmol/L AECTCV 14,555,1985
unscheduled DNA synthesis other microorganisms 1 mg/L CRNGDP 2,417,1981
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
rat 		20 mg/kg ENMUDM 4,553,1982
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat liver 200 mg/L CBINA8 29,303,1980
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat other cell types 32 mmol/L SHKKAN 22,300,1980
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat other cell types 1 mmol/L ENMUDM 5,481,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis intraperitoneal
rat 		50 mg/kg JCLBA3 92(2 Pt2),171a,1982
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat sperm 1 mmol/L BANRDU 13,101,1982
host-mediated assay mouse
leukocyte 		250 mg/kg MUREAV 26,501,1974
host-mediated assay mouse
Saccharomyes cerevisiae 		14 mmol/kg AGACBH 3,99,1973
host-mediated assay mouse
Schizosaccharomyces pombe 		600 mg/kg MUREAV 25,197,1974
host-mediated assay mouse
ovary 		400 mg/kg MUREAV 51,77,1978
host-mediated assay mouse
Salmonella typhimurium 		35 mg/kg TXAPA9 30,107,1974
mutation in microorganisms Aspergillus nidulans 100 mmol/L/30 minute (-enzymatic activation step) NATUAS 210,593,1966
mutation in microorganisms Bacillus subtilis 450 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 13,93,1971
mutation in microorganisms Chlamydomonas reinhardi 270 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 14,381,1972
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 100 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 6(Suppl 2),1,1984
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 1 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step) RCOCB8 16,523,1977
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 200 µg/plate/20 minute MUREAV 492,91,2001
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 6 mg/plate/90 minute (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 535,55,2003
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 500 µg/plate/48 hour MUTAEX 15,317,2000
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 5 mmol/L/1 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 605,42,2006
mutation in microorganisms Haemophilus influenzae 160 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 30,9,1975
mutation in microorganisms mouse bone marrow 300 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 81,215,1981
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 10 mg/L/4 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in microorganisms Neurospora crassa 1 pph/330 minute (-enzymatic activation step) GENTAE 63,281,1969
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 10 pph (-enzymatic activation step) BICMBE 56,1471,1974
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 150 µL (-enzymatic activation step) JGMIAN 128,427,1982
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 gm/L/4 hour- continuous (-enzymatic activation step) JGMIAN 121,349,1980
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 150 µL (-enzymatic activation step) JOBAAY 112,356,1972
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 50 mmol/L/18 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 7,19,1969
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 15 mmol/L/48 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 19,313,1973
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 3,000 ppm/1 hour (-enzymatic activation step) JOPAA2 69,239,1983
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 200 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) FOMIAZ 17,81,1972
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 250 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) FOMIAZ 29,99,1984
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 pph (-enzymatic activation step) JOBAAY 160,288,1984
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 100 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 162,137,1986
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) CUGED5 5,119,1982
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 20 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) JOVIAM 37,936,1981
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 150 µL (-enzymatic activation step) AMICCW 103,141,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 50 mmol/L/18 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 4,409,1967
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 400 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MGGEAE 141,23,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 258 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) BIJOAK 145,85,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 200 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) FOMIAZ 14,194,1969
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 pph/60 minute- continuous (-enzymatic activation step) FOMIAZ 16,197,1971
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 190 mmol/L/4 hour- continuous (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 33,135,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 50 nmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) GENRA8 29,65,1977
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 150 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) FOMIAZ 15,34,1970
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 10 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) PNASA6 70,1335,1973
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 200 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) AMBBBR 6,15,1974
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 mL (-enzymatic activation step) JMMIAV 8,265,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 pph (-enzymatic activation step) MGGEAE 133,345,1974
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 4 pph (-enzymatic activation step) JMOBAK 9,352,1964
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 19 gm/L (-enzymatic activation step) JOBAAY 101,921,1970
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 gm/L (-enzymatic activation step) JANTAJ 31,662,1978
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 20 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) JOBAAY 135,911,1978
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 200 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MGGEAE 179,191,1980
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 25 gm/L (-enzymatic activation step) JGMIAN 128,1401,1982
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 100 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) JGMIAN 128,1529,1982
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 100 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MCBIA7 35,39,1982
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 45 nmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 178,195,1987
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 10 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 188,197,1987
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 300 ng/plate (-enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 6(Suppl 2),1,1984
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 1,000 µg/plate/48 hour MUTAEX 15,317,2000
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 2 mmol/L/16 hour EMMUEG 46,126,2005
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 6 mmol/L/48 hour EMMUEG 46,126,2005
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 20 mmol/L/2 hour EMMUEG 46,126,2005
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 6 pph (-enzymatic activation step) NTIS** DE84-002180
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 8 gm/L/1 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 48,173,1977
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 10 mmol/plate (-enzymatic activation step) TOLED5 136,87,2002
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 1,014 mg/L/17 hour MUREAV 582,116,2005
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 25 mg/L/16 hour MUTAEX 20,105,2004
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 500 mg/L/18 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 653,63,2008
mutation in microorganisms Serratia marcescens 25 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) ATXKA8 30,67,1972
mutation in microorganisms Schizosaccharomyces pombe 25 mmol/L (+/-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 25,197,1974
micronucleus test dog lymphocyte 2 mmol/L NTIS** AD-A075-605
micronucleus test multiple
frog 		50 ppm MUTAEX 4,12,1989
micronucleus test multiple
frog 		150 ppm/72 hour- continuous MUREAV 560,69,2004
micronucleus test hamster lung 100 mg/L MUREAV 130,273,1984
micronucleus test hamster other cell types 6 mmol/L/20 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 39,843,2001
micronucleus test hamster other cell types 12.5 mmol/L/3 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 39,843,2001
micronucleus test hamster ovary 1,333 µmol/L/24 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 630,1,2007
micronucleus test hamster ovary 4,000 µmol/L/3 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 630,1,2007
micronucleus test hamster ovary 929 mg/L/24 hour MUREAV 633,80,2007
micronucleus test human lymphocyte 7.5 mmol/L/3 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 536,39,2003
micronucleus test human lymphocyte 200 mg/L/48 hour (-enzymatic activation step) TXCYAC 200,39,2004
micronucleus test human lymphocyte 120 mg/L/24 hour EMMUEG 43,45,2004
micronucleus test human lymphocyte 750 µmol/L/72 hour MUTAEX 22,123,2007
micronucleus test parenteral
mouse 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 53,164,1978
micronucleus test intravenous
mouse 		800 mg/kg/24 hour MUREAV 23,239,1974
micronucleus test oral
mouse 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 43,441,1977
micronucleus test mouse mammary gland 177.8 mg/L/24 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 540,153,2003
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		150 mg/kg MUREAV 649,28,2008
micronucleus test oral
mouse 		300 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent MUREAV 649,101,2008
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		24 ppm/8 day- continuous MUTAEX 1,211,1986
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		10 ppm/12 day- continuous MUREAV 164,245,1986
micronucleus test other fish lymphocyte 8 mg/L MUREAV 104,147,1982
micronucleus test intramuscular
other fish 		0.2 pph MUREAV 542,1,2003
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
rat 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 58,79,1978
micronucleus test oral
rat 		150 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent MUREAV 649,101,2008
gene conversion and mitotic recombination oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		2 mmol/L EMMUEG 37,70,2001
gene conversion and mitotic recombination other microorganisms 2,000 ppm/2 hour MUREAV 51,181,1978
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 5 pph NTIS** DE84-002180
mutation in mammalian somatic cells intraperitoneal
hamster 		100 mg/kg DTESD7 2,201,1977
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster ovary 100 µg/L/16 hour MUREAV 45,91,1977
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster lung 100 mg/L MUREAV 177,283,1987
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster kidney 300 mg/L GENTAE 77,309,1974
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster fibroblast 200 mg/L CNREA8 42,389,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster lung 1 mg/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) RTOPDW 36,69,2002
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster fibroblast 10 nmol/L/5 hour (-enzymatic activation step) ARTODN 77,298,2003
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster ovary 750 mg/L/3 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUTAEX 20,29,2005
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human lymphocyte 50 µmol/L MUREAV 128,221,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human fibroblast 500 mg/L MUREAV 22,281,1974
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human other cell types 150 mg/L SCGTDW 4,531,1978
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse fibroblast 10 mmol/L CNREA8 41,3095,1981
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 100 µmol/L/30 hour MUREAV 41,377,1976
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse mammary gland 500 µmol/L/18 hour- continuous CELLB5 9,383,1976
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse leukocyte 5 mmol/L CNREA8 34,3073,1974
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse ovary 400 mg/kg MUREAV 51,77,1978
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse liver 250 mg/L SCGTDW 7,373,1981
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse other cell types 420 mg/L 43VMAC 4,1149,1980
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse Ascites tumor 0.5 mL/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 40,617,2002
mutation in mammalian somatic cells rat other cell types 10 mg/L MUREAV 34,481,1976
mutation in mammalian somatic cells rat other cell types 300 mg/L PNASA6 79,2967,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cells rat liver 600 mg/L MUREAV 107,433,1983
morphological transform hamster embryo 400 mg/L CNREA8 37,3508,1977
morphological transform hamster kidney 80 µg/L BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform human other cell types 10 mg/L ITCSAF 17,719,1981
morphological transform mouse embryo 2 mg/L EMMUEG 12,21,1988
morphological transform mouse fibroblast 50 mg/L CRNGDP 5,459,1984
other mutation test systems oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 mmol/L FCTOD7 46,1034,2008
other mutation test systems Escherichia coli 490 nmol/tube PNASA6 79,5971,1982
other mutation test systems hamster lung 20 mmol/L TIVIEQ 4,717,1990
other mutation test systems human lymphocyte 400 µmol/L MUREAV 155,75,1985
other mutation test systems mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 49 mmol/L CBINA8 46,179,1983
other mutation test systems mouse lymphocyte 10 mg/L MUREAV 299,19,1993
other mutation test systems Salmonella typhimurium 2,300 mg/L MUREAV 192,239,1987
phage inhibition capacity Bacillus subtilis 50 mmol/L IJEBA6 22,338,1984
phage inhibition capacity Escherichia coli 400 mmol/L PRLBA4 150,497,1959
phage inhibition capacity Haemophilus influenzae 100 mmol/L MUREAV 125,15,1984
phage inhibition capacity other microorganisms 400 mmol/L NNBYA7 234,186,1971
phage inhibition capacity other microorganisms 400 mmol/L MUREAV 36,265,1976
phage inhibition capacity Salmonella typhimurium 10 µmol/plate PPTCBY 9,337,1979
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
chicken 		50 µg/kg ENMUDM 2,435,1980
sister chromatid exchange multiple
frog 		300 mg/L ENMUDM 8(Suppl 6),30,1986
sister chromatid exchange oral
hamster 		75 mg/kg MUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 10 µmol/L/24 hour MUREAV 41,343,1976
sister chromatid exchange hamster kidney 300 mg/L NATUAS 271,662,1978
sister chromatid exchange hamster fibroblast 1 mmol/L CSFUDY 5,175,1980
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
hamster 		75 mg/kg MUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchange hamster lung 1 mmol/L GANNA2 73,912,1982
sister chromatid exchange hamster other cell types 200 µmol/L SOGEBZ 18,210,1982
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 100 mg/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 36,13,2000
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 100 mL/L/5 hour (-enzymatic activation step) JAPTO* 21,449,2001
sister chromatid exchange human other cell types 3 mmol/L EMMUEG 18,139,1991
sister chromatid exchange human lymphocyte 500 µmol/L MUREAV 46,375,1977
sister chromatid exchange human fibroblast 1 µmol/L JTEHD6 2,1387,1977
sister chromatid exchange human lung 60 mg/L MUREAV 117,317,1983
sister chromatid exchange intravenous
mouse 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 60,329,1979
sister chromatid exchange mouse lymphocyte 5 mmol/L OYYAA2 24,703,1982
sister chromatid exchange mouse other cell types 100 mg/L JCHODP 13,1,1983
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
mouse 		90 mg/kg ENMUDM 6,408,1984
sister chromatid exchange parenteral
mouse 		149 mg/kg MOCAT* 18,13,2003
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
non-mammalian species 		124 mg/kg MUREAV 172,165,1986
sister chromatid exchange other fish embryo 100 µmol/L MUREAV 68,381,1979
sister chromatid exchange multiple
other fish 		24 mg/L MUREAV 97,35,1982
sister chromatid exchange other fish leukocyte 62 mg/L 37KXA7 3,835,1980
sister chromatid exchange other insects other cell types 40 mg/L CYTBAI 46,181,1986
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
rat 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 107,131,1983
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
rabbit 		50 mg/kg MUREAV 41,333,1976
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		500 ppm ENMUDM 7(Suppl 3),76,1985
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		5 mmol/L MUREAV 4,90,1967
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction unreported route
Drosophila melanogaster 		20 mmol/L NNBYA7 241,15,1973
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction intraperitoneal
mouse 		400 mg/kg EMMUEG 20,106,1992
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction multiple
non-mammalian species 		4 mmol/L MUREAV 110,39,1983
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction unreported route
other insects 		2,000 ppm MGGEAE 128,117,1974
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
other insects 		5 mmol/L GENRA8 23,63,1974
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction Saccharomyes cerevisiae 2 pph/10 minute EVHPAZ 31,97,1979
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 pph MUREAV 9,323,1970
specific locus test Drosophila melanogaster 1 mmol/L EMMUEG 36,40,2000
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		10 mmol/L/21 hour MUREAV 535,195,2003
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 mmol/L/24 hour MUREAV 535,195,2003
specific locus test multiple
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 mmol/L EMMUEG 39,49,2002
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 mmol/L MUREAV 557,53,2004
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		46.1 mmol/L/2 hour- continuous EMMUEG 44,394,2004
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		0.1 mmol/L/8 day- continuous EMMUEG 43,196,2004
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		2 mmol/L/6 hour- continuous EMMUEG 43,196,2004
specific locus test Escherichia coli 29 gm/L/75 minute MUREAV 508,107,2002
specific locus test Escherichia coli 6 mg/plate/12 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 535,55,2003
specific locus test hamster ovary 280 mg/L PMRSDJ 1,594,1981
specific locus test hamster ovary 0.2 gm/L/24 hour (-enzymatic activation step) JAPTO* 22,45,2001
specific locus test hamster ovary 50 mg/L/9 day EMMUEG 16,260,1990
specific locus test hamster ovary 600 mg/L/5 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 564,139,2004
specific locus test hamster fibroblast 200 mg/L/24 hour TXCYAC 208,141,2005
specific locus test hamster ovary 5 mmol/L/5 hour MUREAV 602,14,2006
specific locus test human fibroblast 10 mmol/L/1 hour MUREAV 513,159,2002
specific locus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		50 mg/kg MGGEAE 138,309,1975
specific locus test unreported route
mouse 		100 mg/kg GENTAE 92,S153,1979
specific locus test parenteral
mouse 		100 mg/kg EVHPAZ 24,113,1978
specific locus test mouse other cell types 0.25 mL/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 494,41,2001
specific locus test mouse other cell types 200 mg/L/4 hour (+/-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 38,69,2001
specific locus test mouse other cell types 200 mg/L/4 hour MUTAEX 17,201,2002
specific locus test mouse other cell types 621 mg/L/3 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 537,183,2003
specific locus test mouse other cell types 0.25 mg/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 38,347,2001
specific locus test mouse mammary gland 200 mg/L/4 hour (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 41,43,2003
specific locus test mouse other cell types 150 mg/L/24 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 557,85,2004
specific locus test mouse embryo 300 mg/L/4 hour MUREAV 561,23,2004
specific locus test oral
mouse 		50 mg/kg MUTAEX 14,113,1999
specific locus test skin
non-mammalian species 		600 ppm/20 hour- continuous NEMAAT 19,117,1973
specific locus test unreported route
non-mammalian species 		50 mmol/L CNJGA8 22,295,1980
specific locus test skin
other insects 		25 mmol/L SCIEAS 187,760,1975
specific locus test other insects other cell types 100 µmol/L SCGTDW 4,179,1978
specific locus test parenteral
silkworm 		100 ppm MUREAV 7,425,1969
sperm morphology intraperitoneal
hamster 		25 mg/kg/5 day JTEHD6 8,929,1981
sperm morphology intraperitoneal
mouse 		625 mg/kg/5 day PNASA6 72,4425,1975
sperm morphology intramuscular
other fish 		0.2 pph MUREAV 542,1,2003
sperm morphology skin
other insects 		1 µg CCUPAD 28,352,1976
sperm morphology silkworm other cell types 500 ppm IDZAAW 50,179,1975
heritable translocation test multiple
Drosophila melanogaster 		0.5 mmol/L/48 hour EMMUEG 43,196,2004
heritable translocation test multiple
Drosophila melanogaster 		2 mmol/L/6 hour EMMUEG 43,196,2004
heritable translocation test intraperitoneal
mouse 		50 mg/kg MUREAV 21,32,1973
heritable translocation test intraperitoneal
rat 		75 mg/kg ENMUDM 5,153,1983


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
hamster 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct 		JTEHD6 8,929,1981
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 625 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring) MUREAV 70,109,1980
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death MUREAV 5,417,1968
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (1 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) MUREAV 13,171,1971
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 175 mg/kg (11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		ARTODN 51,1,1982
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 195 mg/kg (11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) ARTODN 51,1,1982
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) IYKEDH 11,559,1980
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) 85GUAJ -,55,1966
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (13 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system JRPFA4 17,325,1968
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death KDIKAX 41,141,1980
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TCMUD8 7,497,1987
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg (15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		JRPFA4 18,15,1969
intravenous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 62 mg/kg (18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus TCMUD8 9,157,1989
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		EVHPAZ 21,71,1977
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,750 mg/kg (7 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth) 		JACTDZ 2(2),209,1983
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) 		TXAPA9 70,303,1983
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		JTSCDR 25,25,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		JTSCDR 25,25,2000
parenteral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (10 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities EVHPAZ 24,113,1978
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 350 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death JTSCDR 4,127,1979
unreported route
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,250 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) JACTDZ 3(2),158,1984


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 373 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		CBINA8 3,117,1971
intraperitoneal
mouse 		toxic dose : 600 mg/kg/6 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		BECCAN 39,77,1961
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		BJCAAI 29,50,1974
intraperitoneal
rat 		toxic dose : 825 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		NATUAS 223,947,1969
intraperitoneal
rat 		toxic dose : 413 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		NATUAS 223,947,1969
intravenous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (21 day pregnant) Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Brain and Coverings: Tumors 		EXPTAX 16,157,1978
intravenous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,650 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Brain and Coverings: Tumors 		43XWAI -,15,1978
intravenous
rat 		toxic dose : 1,650 mg/kg/30 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Brain and Coverings: Tumors 		EXPTAX 16,157,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,043 gm/kg/12 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CALEDQ 56,225,1991
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 3,353 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CRNGDP 2,1223,1981
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 1,050 gm/kg/12 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CALEDQ 7,79,1979
parenteral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg/3 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		RCOCB8 7,25,1974


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intramuscular
non-mammalian species 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 gm/kg Cardiac: Other changes

Musculoskeletal: Other changes 		MUREAV 542,1,2003
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 435 mg/kg N/R CBINA8 3,117,1971
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 350 mg/kg N/R CPBTAL 8,807,1960
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 125 mg/kg Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct MUREAV 144,93,1998
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 470 mg/kg N/R MUREAV 223,373,1989


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JTSCDR 25,25,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JTSCDR 25,25,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) JTSCDR 25,25,2000
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1.05 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation LIFSAK 71,191,2002


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 7,245,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 7,245,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMSUDL 7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 560,33,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 15,431,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EMMUEG 43,36,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 613,17,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 20,3,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 20,389,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 635,90,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 20,153,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUTAEX 20,389,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JTPAE7 18,69,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 657,84,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 672,1,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 681,3,2009


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN Group B Carcinogen, JUN2005


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X6247;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 75;
Number of Occupations 2;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 971;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 448


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Aspergillus-forward mutation; Aspergillus-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; SHE-clonal assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: SHE-focus assay; Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vivo cytogenetics-nonhuman bone marrow
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-reciprocal translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Host-mediated assay; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro human lymphocyte micronucleus; Mouse spot test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-forward mutation; N crassa-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9; In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mouse specific locus; Sperm morphology-mouse F1
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Sperm morphology-mouse; D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: UDS in mouse germ cells; V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: TRP reversion; S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-forward mutation; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-aneuploidy; S cerevisiae-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S pombe-forward mutation; S pombe-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: Rodent dominant lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: Rodent heritable translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-human; In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vivo SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: N crassa-aneuploidy
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Cytogenetics-male germ cell
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used for research purposes
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen


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Used for research purposes

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data

 Click Here for Additional Information about RTECS

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