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Citric acid

RTECS #: GE7350000

CAS #: 77-92-9

UPDATE: February 2009 MW: 192.14 MF: C6H8O7


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  4. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  5. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  6. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  7. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  8. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1,2,3 - Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2 - hydroxy -
  2. 2 - Hydroxy - 1,2,3 - propanetricarboxylic acid
  3. Aciletten
  4. Anhydrous citric acid
  5. Citretten
  6. Citric acid, anhydrous
  1. Citro
  2. Kyselina citronova (Czech)
  3. Kyselina 2 - hydroxy - 1,2,3 - propantrikarbonova (Czech)
  4. NSC 30279
  5. beta - Hydroxytricarballylic acid


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		750 µg/24 hour severe 85JCAE -,658,1986
skin
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild 85JCAE -,658,1986


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R N/R


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 pph/10 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough BJPCBM 138,407,2003
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100,000 gm/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough TOXID9 44,298,2005
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 300,000 gm/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma TOXID9 44,298,2005
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 11,528 gm/m3/3 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation 		TXAPA9 202,18,2005
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 19,214 gm/m3/10 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough EJPHAZ 528,158,2005
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.5 pph/5 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough TOXID9 44,298,2005
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 180 mg/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases 		TOVEFN (5),9,1994
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 903 mg/kg N/R TXCYAC 62,203,1990
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 290 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (16 percent kill): 197 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose : 382 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
intratracheal
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 118 gm/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Sputum

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Histamines (including liberation not immunochemical in origin) 		TXAPA9 206,343,2005
intratracheal
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough JPHSC* 101,118,2006
intravenous
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 64 mg/kg/30 minute Cardiac: Change in rate

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals 		CLNUT* 25,984,2006
intravenous
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 63 mg/kg/1 hour Cardiac: EKG changes not diagnostic of above

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals 		CLNUT* 25,984,2006
intravenous
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 256 mg/kg/2 hour Cardiac: EKG changes not diagnostic of above

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca 		CLNUT* 25,984,2006
intravenous
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 256 mg/kg/1 hour Cardiac: Arrythmias (indlucing changes in conduction)

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		CLNUT* 25,984,2006
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 42 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands 		JPETAB 94,65,1948
intravenous
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 330 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands 		JPETAB 94,65,1948
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5,040 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Musculoskeletal: Other changes 		TAKHAA 30,25,1971
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (16 percent kill): 5,440 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7,280 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
oral
mouse 		lethal dose : 9,080 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3 gm/kg N/R OYYAA2 43,561,1992
oral
rat 		lethal dose (16 percent kill): 5,000 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
oral
rat 		lethal dose : 8,300 mg/kg N/R TOVEFN (5),9,1994
oral
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 7 gm/kg Behavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity 		IECHAD 15,628,1923
subcutaneous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,700 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Musculoskeletal: Other changes 		TAKHAA 30,25,1971
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5,500 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Musculoskeletal: Other changes 		TAKHAA 30,25,1971


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 9.3 gm/kg/15 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) 		GISAAA -,65,1993
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 18.6 gm/kg/30 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) 		GISAAA -,65,1993
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 12.6 gm/kg/21 day- intermittent Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response GISAAA -,65,1993


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: RED Completed RBREV* -,302,1998
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 1 mg/m3, JUN2003


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 19680;
Number of Industries 157;
Total Number of Facilities 28,313;
Number of Occupations 112;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 307,205
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X1191;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 22;
Number of Occupations 2;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 130;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 108
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 19680;
Number of Industries 244;
Total Number of Facilities 49,113;
Number of Occupations 182;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,691,218;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1,083,005


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in manufacture of CITRATES, as a silvering agent in engraving, and in medicine
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
BJPCBM British Journal of Pharmacology. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.34- 1968-
CLNUT* Clinical Nutrition (Elsevier) V.1- 1982-
EJPHAZ European Journal of Pharmacology. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1967-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
IECHAD Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.15-62, 1923-70. For publisher information, see CHMTBL.
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
JPHSC*
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TAKHAA Takeda Kenkyusho Ho. Journal of the Takeda Research Laboratories. (Takeda Yakuhin Kogyo K.K., 2-17-85 Jusohon-machi, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan) V.29- 1970-
TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-

Used in manufacture of CITRATES, as a silvering agent in engraving, and in medicine

FDA-over the counter and proprietary drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Drug
   Primary Irritant

 Click Here for Additional Information about RTECS

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