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Benzene, 1 - chloro - 2 - nitro -

RTECS #: CZ0875000

CAS #: 88-73-3

UPDATE: May 2008 MW: 157.56 MF: C6H4ClNO2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1 - Chloro - 2 - nitrobenzene
  2. 1 - Nitro - 2 - chlorobenzene
  3. 2 - Chloro - 1 - nitrobenzene
  4. 2 - Chloronitrobenzene
  1. Chloro - o - nitrobenzene
  2. ONCB
  3. o - Chloronitrobenzene
  4. o - Nitrochlorobenzene


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 205 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 116,217,1983
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 100 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,500 ppb/6 hour (13 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) NTPTR* NIH-93-3382
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 18 ppm/6 hour (13 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) NTPTR* NIH-93-3382
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,800 mg/kg (105 day male/105 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NTIS** PB92-187608/AS


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 140 gm/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		JEPTDQ 2(2),325,1978
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 280 gm/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		JEPTDQ 2(2),325,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 22 gm/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Endocrine: Tumors 		JEPTDQ 2(2),325,1978


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 135 mg/kg N/R NTIS** PB214-270
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 268 mg/kg N/R NTIS** PB214-270
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 280 mg/kg N/R 85GMAT -,92,1982
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 mg/kg N/R FAATDF 7,609,1986


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 18 ppm/6 hour/2 week- continuous Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight 		NTPTR* NIH-93-3382
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,300 ppb/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight 		NTPTR* NIH-93-3382
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m3/6 hour/4 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia 		FAATDF 7,609,1986
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,500 ppb/6 hour/13 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count 		NTPTR* NIH-93-3382
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 530 mg/m3/6 hour/2 week- intermittent Blood: Other hemolysis with or without anemia

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count 		NTIS** OTS0546562
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,800 mg/kg/105 day- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia 		NTIS** PB92-187608/AS
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,800 mg/kg/27 week- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		NTIS** PB92-187608/AS
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 39,420 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 8,030 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Tumors

Blood: Changes in spleen 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10,220 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Tumors JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 31,404.1 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 15,506.4 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Other changes

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 17,881.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,504.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in spleen

Blood: Other changes 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 3,967.6 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in spleen 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 69,387.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 52,668 mg/kg/76 week- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 13,860 mg/kg/20 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 13,870 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,920 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Other changes 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,060 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 85,410 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Other changes

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 289,080 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Liver: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count 		JTSCDR 31,247,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,255.8 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in spleen

Blood: Other changes 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,410.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in spleen JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,232.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,814.9 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Other changes JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 364 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Other changes

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 12,130.3 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10,874.5 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above JTSCDR 31,9,2006
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 21,303.1 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JTSCDR 31,9,2006


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 65,263,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 65,263,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 65,263,1996


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 1 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 1 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X4011;
Number of Industries 3;
Total Number of Facilities 42;
Number of Occupations 5;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,897;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 662


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a dye, pigment, pesticide, rubber chemical and pharmaceutical intermediate
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9198
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-33, October 2000


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC.
JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-

Used as a dye, pigment, pesticide, rubber chemical and pharmaceutical intermediate

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector

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