| Author, Date |
Sample |
Description of Very Long Work Shift |
Health or Safety Measure |
Statistical Methods Controls |
Results Reported by Authors |
| Gander et al. 2000 |
- 301 anesthetists:
- Specialists M age 46
- Trainees M age 33
- Gender not reported
- New Zealand |
One-time questionnaire (how many hours can work safely):
- Maximum h/wk
- Ongoing h/wk |
One-time questionnaire: self-reported fatigue-related errors during last 6 months |
Logistic regression |
Specialists exceeding self-report limits on work hours increased the risk for fatigue-related errors in the last six months by 1.37 (CI 1.14 - 1.65) to 1.48 (CI 1.21 - 1.8). |
| Leonard et al. 1998 |
- 16 junior preregistration medical house officers:
- Men 50%
- Age R 23- 28;
- Ireland |
- Compared:
- Pre-call shift (8 - 10h)
- Long, 32h on-call shift
- Randomly assigned order shifts tested |
- Tests: Delayed Recall, Critical Flicker Fusion, Trail-making, Stroop Color Word Test, Grammatical Reasoning
- Tested at end of one shift (4 - 6 p.m.) |
Wilcoxon matched pairs |
- End of 32h on-call shift showed deterioration (p < .05) on median scores of alertness and concentration tests (Stroop Color Word Test, Trail making Test).
- No significant differences reported on Delayed Story Recall, Critical Flicker Fusion, or Grammatical Reasoning Tests. |
| Nakano et al. 1998 |
Random sample of 101 male taxi drivers:
- Age R 40 - 59
- Japan |
Examined company records in 1992 - 1993:
- 48 h shifts started at 6 - 8 a.m. and ended at 2 a. m. next day with 1 day off/week.
- Group A allowed to work past 2 a.m. for overtime. Group B not allowed overtime. |
In 1992 and 1993 tested blood mononuclear cell proliferation assay and induction of Th1-type (IL-2) and Th2-type (IL-4) cytokines. |
Student t-tests |
During economic depression (1993), group B (not allowed overtime) increased IL-4 production and showed more depressed lymphocyte proliferation response than group A, who was allowed to work overtime.
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