2-Propenenitrile, 2-methyl-

RTECS #

UD1400000

CAS #

126-98-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

67.10

Molecular Formula

C₄H₅N

Synonyms

2-Cyanopropene-1
2-Methylpropenenitrile
alpha-Methylacrylonitrile
Isopropene cyanide
Isopropenylnitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methylacrylonitrile
Methylacrylonitrile (ACGIH)
RCRA waste number U152
USAF ST-40

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye /rabbit	50 mg		JIHTAB 31,113,1949
eye /rabbit	500 mg/24H	mild	85JCAE -,901,1986
skin /rabbit	200 mg	mild	JIHTAB 31,113,1949
skin /rabbit	500 mg/24H	mild	85JCAE -,901,1986

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	100 ppm/6H (6-20D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)	FAATDF 20,365,1993
oral/rat	150 mg/kg (10D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus	TXAPA9 163,149,2000
oral/rat	20 mg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	NTIS** #PB97-176390
oral/rat	20 mg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral	NTIS** #PB97-176390
oral/rat	350 mg/kg (1-7D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)	BECTA6 48,696,1992

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/Dog	Lowest published lethal concentration: 52 ppm/7H	Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
inhalation/guinea pig	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 88 ppm/4H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 36 ppm/4H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
inhalation/rabbit	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 37 ppm/4H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 440 ppm/4H	Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	HALRE* 10/1/1968
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 328 ppm/4H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
intraperitoneal/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 15 mg/kg		JIHTAB 31,113,1949
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 17 mg/kg		JUZIAG 94,664,1985
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 3.15 mg/kg	Blood: Other changes	TOXID9 72,319,2003
oral/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 26 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	TXAPA9 205,116,2005
oral/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 16 mg/kg		GTPZAB 29(5),37,1985
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 mg/kg		GTPZAB 29(5),37,1985
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases	DCTODJ 28,187,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	DCTODJ 28,187,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg	Behavioral: Ataxia Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	DCTODJ 28,187,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes	TOXID9 60,404,2001
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)	TOXID9 60,404,2001
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)	JJTHEC 65,523,2002
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 12500 µg/kg		NTIS** OTS0534646
skin/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2080 mg/kg		GTPZAB 29(5),37,1985

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 109 ppm/7H/91D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	AIHAAP 29,202,1968
intramuscular/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2940 mg/kg/21W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	NTIS** #PB97-176390
intramuscular/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 294 mg/kg/21W- intermittent	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	NTIS** #PB97-176390
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight	JJTHEC 65,523,2002
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 3150 mg/kg/21W- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	ARTODN 77,233,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 14400 mg/kg/2Y- intermittent	Olfaction: Change in olfactory nerve Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	ARTODN 77,233,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 5400 mg/kg/90D- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTIS** PB97-176390

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 1 ppm (skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 802,38,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 55,43,2009

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³) (skin)	DTLWS* 3,22,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2.7 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2.7 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2.8 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 2 ppm (5.5 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 2 ppm (6 mg/m³) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2.7 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2,7 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 1 mg/m³, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 1 ppm (3 mg/m³), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 3 mg/m³, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 1 ppm (2.8 mg/m³), skin, OCT2007

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHYLACRYLONITRILE-air	10H time-weighted average 1 ppm (Sk)	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code X5279; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 58; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 213

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse,rat
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 2000
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-47, October 2000
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health