1-Propanol, 2,3-epoxy-
RTECS #
UB4375000
CAS #
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
74.09
Molecular Formula
C3H6O2
Synonyms
2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol (ACGIH:OSHA)
2,3-Epoxypropanol
3-Hydroxy-1,2-epoxypropane
Epihydrin alcohol
Glycide
Glycidol
Glycidol (ACGIH:OSHA)
Glycidyl alcohol
Methanol, oxiranyl-
NCI-C55549
2,3-Epoxypropanol
3-Hydroxy-1,2-epoxypropane
Epihydrin alcohol
Glycide
Glycidol
Glycidol (ACGIH:OSHA)
Glycidyl alcohol
Methanol, oxiranyl-
NCI-C55549
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 2 mg/24H | severe | 85JCAE -,769,1986 |
| skin /rabbit | 558 mg/3D | moderate | AMIHAB 14,250,1956 |
| skin /rabbit | 100 mg/24H | moderate | 85JCAE -,769,1986 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lymphocyte/human | 400 µmol/L | MUREAV 91,243,1981 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/rat | 320 mg/kg | FCTOD7 22,665,1984 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | oral/rat | 600 mg/kg | FCTOD7 22,665,1984 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | ovary/hamster | 12500 µg/L | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/hamster | 250 mg/L/6H | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/hamster | 100 mg/L/24H | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/hamster | 60 mg/L/48H | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| DNA Damage | ovary/hamster | 20 mg/L/3H | FCTOD7 45,41,2007 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/mouse | 0.31 mmol/L | MUREAV 715,25,2011 |
| DNA Damage | oral/rat | 400 mg/kg/1D | MUREAV 769,1,2014 |
| DNA Damage | kidney/rat | 20 mg/L/24H | FCTOD7 89,1,2016 |
| DNA Damage | kidney/human | 20 mg/L/24H | FCTOD7 89,1,2016 |
| DNA Damage | ovary/hamster | 10 mmol/L/1H | MUREAV 805,38,2016 |
| DNA repair | /Escherichia coli | 10 gm/L | MUREAV 130,141,1984 |
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 2500 ppm | JJIND8 62,901,1979 |
| heritable translocation test | oral/Drosophila melanogaster | 1230 ppm | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 120 mg/kg | FCTOD7 100,168,2017 |
| micronucleus test | oral/mouse | 200 mg/kg/2D | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| morphological transform | embryo/hamster | 10 µg/L | IJCNAW 19,642,1977 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 0.001 pph/21D (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 37,231,2001 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | lymphocyte/mouse | 1250 µg/kg | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | lung/hamster | 1 µmol/L | CRNGDP 11,497,1990 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 2500 µg/plate/48H | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Neurospora crassa | 500 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | GENTAE 40,890,1955 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Klebsiella pneumoniae | 200 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 89,269,1981 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 3 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 172,105,1986 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Escherichia coli | 500 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | TOLED5 4,103,1979 |
| other mutation test systems | /Escherichia coli | 1 mmol/L | MUREAV 231,205,1990 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | oral/Drosophila melanogaster | 3690 ppm | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| sister chromatid exchange | lymphocyte/human | 50 µmol/L | MUREAV 91,243,1981 |
| sister chromatid exchange | ovary/hamster | 10100 µg/L | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| sister chromatid exchange | lung/hamster | 1250 µmol/L | MUREAV 249,55,1991 |
| specific locus test | other cell types/mouse | 30 gm/L/24H | EMMUEG 45,80,2005 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| intraperitoneal/rat | 500 mg/kg (5D male) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) | BCSTB5 1,523,1973 |
| oral/mouse | 2 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | JTEHD6 9,87,1982 |
| oral/mouse | 6825 mg/kg (13W male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| oral/rat | 180 mg/kg (12D male) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) | NATUAS 226,87,1970 |
| oral/rat | 18200 mg/kg (13W male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25750 mg/kg/2Y- continuous | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Liver: Tumors | NTIS** PB90-259094 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Endocrine: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB90-259094 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 19312.5 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB90-259094 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 19312.5 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB90-259094 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 38625 mg/kg/2Y- continuous | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Hamster, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 217 mg/L/6H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| In Vitro/Hamster, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 105.4 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| In Vitro/Hamster, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 50.1 mg/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | FCTOD7 50,3927,2012 |
| In Vitro/Human, kidney | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 60 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | FCTOD7 89,1,2016 |
| In Vitro/Rat, kidney | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 60 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | FCTOD7 89,1,2016 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4H | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 450 ppm/4H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | AMIHAB 14,250,1956 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1069 mg/m3/4H | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1260 mg/m3/4H | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 580 ppm/8H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | AMIHAB 14,250,1956 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4H | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | PSEBAA 35,98,1936 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg | Blood: Other changes | FCTOD7 100,168,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 200 mg/kg | FCTXAV 19,347,1981 | |
| ocular/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 100 pph | Eye: Lacrimation Eye: Conjunctiva irritation | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 431 mg/kg | GTPZAB 24(3),42,1980 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 431 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | TPKVAL 15,97,1979 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 420 mg/kg | FCTXAV 19,347,1981 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | MUREAV 769,1,2014 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | MUREAV 769,1,2014 |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1980 mg/kg | AMIHAB 14,250,1956 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 125 mg/m3/4H/17W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS | GTPZAB 24(3),42,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 125 mg/m3/4H/17W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes | GTPZAB 24(3),42,1980 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/16D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Demyelination Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | NTPTR* IMM-91019 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response | NTPTR* IMM-91019 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 350 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Blood: Normocytic anemia Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response | NTPTR* IMM-91019 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOLED5 224,424,2014 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TXAPA9 279,150,2014 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | TXAPA9 279,150,2014 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/16D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 36400 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Endocrine: Other changes | NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 2 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 2A | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 44,1699,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 672,17,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HTOPA* 1,501,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 751,49,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 769,34,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 783,66,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 31,347,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 53,134,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 55,52,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 33,179,2018 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,121,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 25 ppm (76 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | TRK -TMW 50 ppm (150 mg/m3);KZW 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), skin, sen, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 2 ppm (6.2 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | ceiling concentration 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3), carc, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 2 ppm (6.1 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), C2 Carcinogen, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | short term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3), NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | 2A carc, MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 25 ppm (76 mg/m3), JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 2 ppm (6 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | carc 2, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO GLYCIDOL-air | 10H time-weighted average 25 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 35120; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 88; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 4872; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 580 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: SHE-clonal assay | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test; S cerevisiae-homozygosis | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-reversion; E coli polA without S9 | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S pombe-reversion | |
| EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE | FEREAC 47,26992,82 |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,rat | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Glycidol, 1608 | |
| NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 2000 |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health