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Piperazine

RTECS #: TK7800000

CAS #: 110-85-0

UPDATE: February 2009 MW: 86.16 MF: C4H10N2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  4. REVIEWS:
  5. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  6. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  7. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  8. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1,4 - Diethylenediamine
  2. Antiren
  3. Dispermine
  4. Hexahydro - 1,4 - diazine
  5. Hexahydropyrazine
  6. Lumbrical
  1. Piperazidine
  2. Piperazin (German)
  3. Piperazine, anhydrous
  4. Pyrazine hexahydride
  5. Pyrazine, hexahydro -


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		250 µg severe AJOPAA 29,1363,1946
eye
rabbit 		250 µg/24 hour severe 85JCAE -,862,1986
skin
rabbit 		500 mg open irritation test mild UCDS** 7/16/1967


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R N/R


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5,400 mg/m3/2 hour Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity 		TPKVAL 15,116,1979
intramuscular
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2,500 mg/kg N/R NIIRDN 6,635,1982
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,900 mg/kg N/R PBPHAW 1,542,1965
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,180 mg/kg N/R NIIRDN 6,635,1982
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,340 mg/kg N/R NIIRDN 6,635,1982
ocular
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 pph Eye: Conjunctiva irritation TPKVAL 15,116,1979
oral
child 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Behavioral: Sleep

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		34ZIAG -,478,1969
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 600 mg/kg N/R BCFAAI 103,414,1964
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,900 mg/kg Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity 		TPKVAL 15,116,1979
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,050 mg/kg N/R TPKVAL 15,116,1979
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,700 mg/kg N/R NIIRDN 6,635,1982
skin
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 pph/2 hour Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation TPKVAL 15,116,1979
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 mL/kg N/R UCDS** 7/16/1965
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 gm/kg N/R ENTOX* -,440,2005
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 pph/2 hour Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation TPKVAL 15,116,1979
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg Vascular: Regional or general arteriolar constriction

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		TPKVAL 15,116,1979


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENTOX* -,440,2005


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.003 ppm (0.1 mg/m3), OCT 2002
Occupational Exposure Limit - EC time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3;
short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, FEB 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 0.1 mg/m3, VLE 0.3 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 0.1 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 1 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3);
short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm (1 mg/m3), Sen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3;
short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3 (sen), 2005


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 84705;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 132;
Number of Occupations 11;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,512
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 84705;
Number of Industries 10;
Total Number of Facilities 435;
Number of Occupations 25;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 8,786;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 2,609


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in manufacture of anthelmintics, antifilarials, antihistamines, tranquilizers
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
AJOPAA American Journal of Ophthalmology. (Ophthalmic Pub. Co., 435 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1415, Chicago, IL 60611) Series 3: V.1- 1918-
BCFAAI Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. (Societa Editoriale Farmaceutica, Via Ausonio 12, 20123 Milan, Italy) V.33- 1894-
DIMON* Disease-a Month (Chicago : Year Book Publishers) V. 24- 1978-
ENTOX* Encyclopedia of Toxicology: Reference Book, Elsevier, 2005
NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan)
PBPHAW Progress in Biochemical Pharmacology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1965-
TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1961-
UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817)

Used in manufacture of anthelmintics, antifilarials, antihistamines, tranquilizers

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Drug
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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