Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-
RTECS #
KI0525000
CAS #
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
98.96
Molecular Formula
C2H4Cl2
Synonyms
1,2-Bichloroethane
1,2-DCE
1,2-Dichloorethaan (Dutch)
1,2-Dichlor-aethan (German)
1,2-Dichlorethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane (OSHA)
1,2-Dicloroetano (Italian)
1,2-Ethylene dichloride
Aethylenchlorid (German)
alpha,beta-Dichloroethane
Bichlorure d'ethylene (French)
Borer sol
Brocide
Chlorure d'ethylene (French)
Cloruro di ethene (Italian)
Destruxol borer-sol
Dichloremulsion
Di-chlor-mulsion
Dichloro-1,2-ethane (French)
Dutch liquid
Dutch oil
EDC
ENT 1,656
Ethane dichloride
Ethyleendichloride (Dutch)
Ethylene chloride
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene dichloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
Glycol dichloride
NCI-C00511
RCRA waste number U077
sym-Dichloroethane
1,2-DCE
1,2-Dichloorethaan (Dutch)
1,2-Dichlor-aethan (German)
1,2-Dichlorethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane (OSHA)
1,2-Dicloroetano (Italian)
1,2-Ethylene dichloride
Aethylenchlorid (German)
alpha,beta-Dichloroethane
Bichlorure d'ethylene (French)
Borer sol
Brocide
Chlorure d'ethylene (French)
Cloruro di ethene (Italian)
Destruxol borer-sol
Dichloremulsion
Di-chlor-mulsion
Dichloro-1,2-ethane (French)
Dutch liquid
Dutch oil
EDC
ENT 1,656
Ethane dichloride
Ethyleendichloride (Dutch)
Ethylene chloride
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene dichloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
Glycol dichloride
NCI-C00511
RCRA waste number U077
sym-Dichloroethane
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 63 mg | severe | UCDS** 3/23/1970 |
| eye /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,93,1986 |
| skin /rabbit | 625 mg open irritation test | mild | UCDS** 3/23/1970 |
| skin /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,93,1986 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| body fluid assay | Salmonella typhimurium/mouse | 80 mg/kg | CBINA8 24,265,1979 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/hamster | 1 gm/L | ESKHA5 (103),64,1985 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/rat | 5 mg/kg/8H | CRTOEC 20,1594,2007 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/mouse | 5 mg/kg/8H | CRTOEC 20,1594,2007 |
| DNA Damage | intraperitoneal/mouse | 2 mmol/kg | CRNGDP 4,1491,1983 |
| DNA Damage | oral/mouse | 100 mg/kg | CNREA8 44,4267,1984 |
| DNA Damage | oral/rat | 150 mg/kg | TXAPA9 62,190,1982 |
| DNA Damage | inhalation/rat | 150 ppm/6H | TXAPA9 62,190,1982 |
| DNA Damage | /Salmonella typhimurium | 7060 µmol/L | TXAPA9 62,190,1982 |
| DNA inhibition | lymphocyte/human | 5 mL/L | CALEDQ 13,213,1981 |
| DNA inhibition | intraperitoneal/mouse | 29 mg/kg | MUREAV 163,193,1986 |
| DNA repair | /Escherichia coli | 10 mg/plate | CNREA8 34,2576,1974 |
| Dominant Lethal Test | other cell types/Drosophila melanogaster | 5000 ppm/3D | EMSAB* -,169,2003 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 0.01 pph/21D (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 35,300,2000 |
| morphological transform | embryo/hamster | 200 µL/plate | EVSRBT 25,75,1982 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | ovary/hamster | 40 mmol/L | MUREAV 90,183,1981 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | lymphocyte/human | 100 mg/L | MUREAV 142,133,1985 |
| mutation in microorganisms | ovary/hamster | 2 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 90,183,1981 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 10 µmol/plate (+enzymatic activation step) | CNREA8 34,2576,1974 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 10 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) | TECSDY 15,101,1987 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 1 pph/8H | MUREAV 633,21,2007 |
| other mutation test systems | /Escherichia coli | 316 mmol/L | EMMUEG 19,98,1992 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | oral/Drosophila melanogaster | 120 mmol/L | MUREAV 285,209,1993 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | inhalation/Drosophila melanogaster | 2 ppm/96H-continuous | EVSRBT 32,65,1985 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | /Aspergillus nidulans | 2000 ppm | MUREAV 201,401,1988 |
| specific locus test | oral/Drosophila melanogaster | 1000 ppm | MUREAV 57,163,1978 |
| specific locus test | inhalation/Drosophila melanogaster | 250 mg/m3 | MUREAV 252,17,1991 |
| specific locus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 300 mg/kg | MUREAV 117,201,1983 |
| sperm morphology | intraperitoneal/mouse | 5 mg/kg | TOXID9 44,455,2005 |
| sperm morphology | intraperitoneal/mouse | 50 mg/kg/5D- intermittent | EMSAB* -,169,2003 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | liver/rat | 130 µmol/L | MUREAV 221,263,1989 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 300 ppm/7H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | BANRDU 5,149,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | 208 mg/m3/6H (2W prior to copulation/1-21D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) | CHYCDW 23,199,1989 |
| inhalation/rat | 57 mg/m3 (24W prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | VCVGH* -,364,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 50 mg/kg (5D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) | EMSAB* -,169,2003 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/7H/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | BANRDU 5,3,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/7H/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood: Leukemia Skin and Appendages: Tumors | BANRDU 5,3,1980 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3536 mg/kg/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | BANRDU 5,35,1980 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 76 gm/kg/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors | NCITR* NCI-TR-55,1978 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 38 gm/kg/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors | NCITR* NCI-TR-55,1978 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 18 gm/kg/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Tumors | NCITR* NCI-TR-55,1978 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5286 mg/kg/69W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | BANRDU 5,35,1980 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 38 gm/kg/78W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Tumors | NCITR* NCI-TR-55,1978 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1120 gm/kg/74W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | JJIND8 63,1433,1979 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Mouse, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 14.3 mmol/L/2H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) | TIVIEQ 3,145,1989 |
| In Vitro/paa | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 30 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting | TIVIEQ 37,50,2016 |
| In Vitro/paa | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 15 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Glycolytic | TIVIEQ 37,50,2016 |
| In Vitro/paa | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 7.5 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc. Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on Na-K pump | TIVIEQ 37,50,2016 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 9.7 mmol/L/2H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) | TIVIEQ 3,145,1989 |
| inhalation/cat | Lethal concentration: >3000 ppm/7H | JPETAB 84,53,1945 | |
| inhalation/Dog | Lowest published lethal concentration: 20000 mg/m3/4H | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 8000 mg/m3/8H | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 1500 ppm/7H | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | JPETAB 84,53,1945 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 6 mg/m3/15M | Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP | VCVGH* -,262,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/6H | Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVGH* -,262,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Headache Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVGH* -,262,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 250000 mg/m3/30M | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Headache Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVGH* -,262,1990 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | Lethal concentration: >3000 ppm/7H | JPETAB 84,53,1945 | |
| inhalation/man | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 ppm/1H | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral: Coma Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | PCOC** -,500,1966 |
| inhalation/monkey | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3000 ppm/7H | 85JCAE -,93,1986 | |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 18000 mg/m3/20M | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,260,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 17500 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,307,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1060 mg/m3/6H | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 5 gm/m3/2H | AEPPAE 141,19,1929 | |
| inhalation/pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 3000 ppm/7H | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | JPETAB 84,53,1945 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 250 mg/m3/40M | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | VCVGH* -,260,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | Lowest published lethal concentration: 3000 ppm/7H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | JPETAB 84,53,1945 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 8000 mg/m3/8H | Eye: Corneal damage | VCVGH* -,366,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 600 ppm/4H | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FCTOD7 48,470,2010 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/4H | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | FCTOD7 48,470,2010 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/4H | Liver: Multiple effects Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight | TOXID9 -,225,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/4H | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects | TOXID9 -,225,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/8H | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects | TOXID9 -,225,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,200,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1000 ppm/7H | Behavioral: Coma Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | AMIHBC 4,482,1951 |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 81000 mg/m3/20M | Behavioral: Coma | VCVGH* -,359,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5100 mg/m3/6H | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lowest published lethal dose: 600 mg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | AIHAAP 35,21,1974 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 470 mg/kg | ARZNAD 11,902,1961 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 65.2 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | TXAPA9 279,103,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 807 mg/kg | GTPZAB 26(4),26,1982 | |
| intratracheal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 120 mg/kg | NTIS** OTS0520615 | |
| intravenous/Dog | lowest published lethal dose: 175 mg/kg | QJPPAL 7,205,1934 | |
| oral/Dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5700 mg/kg | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Ataxia | FAONAU 48A,91,1970 |
| oral/Dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2500 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,360,1990 | |
| oral/Dog | lethal dose (75 percent kill): 1.5 mL/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Liver: Jaundice (or hyperbilirubinemia) hepatocellular Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | TOVEFN (2),6,2004 |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.5 mL/kg | VCVGH* -,360,1990 | |
| oral/human | lowest published lethal dose: 286 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | CLCEAL 86,203,1947 |
| oral/human | lowest published toxic dose: 428 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | SOMEAU 22(10),132,1958 |
| oral/man | lowest published toxic dose: 892 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Liver: Jaundice, other or unclassified | WILEAR 28,983,1975 |
| oral/man | lowest published lethal dose: 714 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Cardiac: Change in rate Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis | KLWOAZ 48,822,1970 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 413 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes | EVHPAZ 43,41,1982 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 413 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 340 mg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TOVEFN (1),14,2007 |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.7 mL/kg | VCVGH* -,360,1990 | |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 860 mg/kg | GUCHAZ 6,264,1973 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,359,1990 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 628 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXCYAC 178,229,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 43 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,200,2008 |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2800 mg/kg | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Ataxia | FAONAU 48A,91,1970 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 380 mg/kg | JPETAB 84,53,1945 | |
| subcutaneous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 1200 mg/kg | QJPPAL 7,205,1934 | |
| subcutaneous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 gm/kg | Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Ataxia | FAONAU 48A,91,1970 |
| unreported route/human | lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,262,1990 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/cat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/7H/11W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7H/5D- intermittent | Eye: Corneal damage Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | AROPAW 32,391,1944 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/7H/25W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7H/5D- intermittent | Cardiac: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JPETAB 84,53,1945 |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/7H/9W- intermittent | Behavioral: Coma Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/7H/9D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1.2 gm/m3/3.5H/3D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | NETEEC 44,105,2014 |
| inhalation/mouse | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 9800 mg/m3/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TXCYAC 380,38,2017 |
| inhalation/mouse | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 9800 mg/m3/28D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 380,38,2017 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/7H/19W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 200 ppm/6H/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,200,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/7H/6W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(4),113,1946 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7H/5D- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JPETAB 84,53,1945 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 43680 mg/kg/13W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTPTR* NIH-91-3123 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 685 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | EVHPAZ 43,41,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 21840 mg/kg/13W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTPTR* NIH-91-3123 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg/10D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Liver: Changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | DCTODJ 17,463,1994 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 129 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,200,2008 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 10 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 20,429,1979 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 71,501,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 20,429,1979 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 71,501,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 2B | IMEMDT 71,501,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AJMEAZ 38,409,1965 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AIHAAP 40(3),A46,1979 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | VHTODE 22,31,1980 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | DCTODJ 5,319,1982 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTIS** PB82-182825 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 127,111,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 543,201,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,227,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,151,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,347,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 39,69,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 628,67,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | BCLPT* 96,131,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 654,114,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,561,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HTOPA* 1,501,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 590,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 23,271,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 727,42,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 751,49,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 769,34,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 55,596,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 59,364,2011 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION | FEREAC 54,7740,1989 | |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES | Cancelled | RBREV* -,179,1998 |
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,79,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt | time-weighted average 5 ppm (2 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | TRK-TMW 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);KZW 20 ppm (80 mg/m3), 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 10 ppm (41 mg/m3), Carcinogen, MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), C2 Carcinogen, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | ceiling concentration 10 mg/m3, Carcinogen, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), carc, skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), 2B carc, MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 5 ppm (21 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | time-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 60 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | time-weighted average 10 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 30 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 7 mg/m3, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 5 ppm (21 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm;ceiling concentration 100 ppm;Pk 200 ppm/5M/3H | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE-air | 10H Carcinogen time-weighted average 1 ppm;short term exposure limit 2 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 24130; Number of Industries 38; Total Number of Facilities 2226; Number of Occupations 61; Total Number of Employees Exposed 83246; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 33361 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 24130; Number of Industries 92; Total Number of Facilities 7148; Number of Occupations 60; Total Number of Employees Exposed 77671 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/2001/109103/AS) | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Cell transform.-SA7/SHE | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-nondisjunction; E coli polA without S9 | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-whole sex chrom. loss | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,rat | NCITR* NCI-TR-55,1978 |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003 | |
| NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 25, 1978, AND BULLETIN 27, 1978 | |
| NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen | |
| NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-04, October 2000 | |
| On EPA IRIS database | |
| OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #03 |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health