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Volume 8, Number 3, March 2002

Research

The Relationship between Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Europe

Stef L.A.M. Bronzwaer,* Otto Cars,† Udo Buchholz,* Sigvard Mölstad,‡ Wim Goettsch,* Irene K. Veldhuijzen,* Jacob L. Kool,* Marc J.W. Sprenger,* John E. Degener,§ and participants in the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System
*National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; †Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden; ‡The Nepi Foundation, Malmö, Sweden; and §Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands

 
 
Figure 3. The logodds of resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin
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Figure 3. The logodds of resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin (PNSP; ln(R/(1-R))) is regressed against nonadherence rates to antibiotic therapy in four European countries. Nonadherence rates are from 1993; PNSP data are from 1998-99. UK = United Kingdom; BE = Belgium; IT = Italy; ES = Spain.

 

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This page last reviewed June 21, 2002

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention