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Vol. 12, No. 5
May 2006

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Appendix Table
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Dispatch

Historical Lassa Fever Reports and 30-year Clinical Update

Abe M. Macher*Comments and Martin S. Wolfe†‡§
*US Public Health Service (retired), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; †Travelers Medical Service of Washington, Washington, DC, USA; ‡George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; and §Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA



Appendix Table. Patients with imported Lassa fever, worldwide, 1969–2004


Year of import

From

To

Occupation

Clinical outcome

Reference


1969

Nigeria

United States

Nurse

Survived

(1)

1971

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Nurse

Survived

(2)

1971

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Physician

Survived

(2)

1972

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Nurse

Survived

(3)

1974

Nigeria

Germany

Physician

Survived

(4)

1975

Nigeria

United Kingdom

Physician

Died

(4)

1975

Sierra Leone

United States

Aid worker

Survived

1976

Sierra Leone

United States

Aid worker

Survived

(5)

1976

Nigeria

United Kingdom

Engineer

Survived

(6)

1980

Upper Volta

Netherlands

Aid worker

Survived

(7)

1981

Nigeria

United Kingdom

Teacher

Survived

(8)

1982

Nigeria

United Kingdom

Diplomat

Survived

(9)

1984

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Geologist

Survived

(10)

1985

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Nurse

Survived

(11)

1987

Sierra Leone/Liberia

Israel

Engineer

Survived

(12)

1987

Sierra Leone

Japan

Engineer

Survived

(13)

1989

Nigeria

Canada

Agricultural specialist

Survived

(14)

1989

Nigeria

United States

Engineer

Died

(15)

2000

Cotę d'Ivoire/Burkina Faso/Ghana

Germany

Student

Died

(16)

2000

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Peacekeeper

Died

(16)

2000

Nigeria

Germany

Unknown

Died

(16)

2000

Sierra Leone

Netherlands

Physician

Died

(16)

2003

Sierra Leone

United Kingdom

Peacekeeper

Survived

(17)

2004

Sierra Leone/Liberia

United States

Businessman

Died

(18)


Appendix Table References

  1. Frame JD, Baldwin JM, Gocke DJ, Troup JM. Lassa fever, a new virus disease of man from West Africa. I. Clinical description and pathological findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1970;19:670–6.
  2. Gilles HM, Kent JC. Lassa fever: retrospective diagnosis of two patients seen in Great Britain in 1971. BMJ. 1976;2:1173.
  3. Woodruff AW, Monath TP, Mahmoud AA, Pain AK, Morris CA. Lassa fever in Britain: An imported case. BMJ. 1973;3:616–7.
  4. Vella EE. Lassa fever. Hospital Update. 1976;2:31–7.
  5. Zweighaft RM, Fraser DW, Hattwick MA, Winkler WG, Jordan WC, Alter M, et al. Lassa fever: response to an imported case. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:803–7.
  6. Department of Health and Social Security. Annual report of the chief medical officer. On the state of the public health for the year 1976. London: The Department; 1977. p. 52–3.
  7. World Health Organization. Lassa fever surveillance. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1981;56:47–8.
  8. World Health Organization. Lassa fever surveillance. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1982;57:342.
  9. Cooper CB, Gransden WR, Webster M, King M, O'Mahony M, Young S, et al. A case of Lassa fever: experience at St Thomas's Hospital. BMJ. 1982;285:1003–5.
  10. Emond RTD, Weir WR, Bowen ET, Llloyd G, Southee T. Managing Lassa fever. Lancet. 1984;2:926.  Medline
  11. Fisher-Hoch SP, Price ME, Craven RB, Price FM, Forthall DN, Sasso DR, et al. Safe intensive-care management of a severe case of Lassa fever with simple barrier nursing techniques. Lancet. 1985;2:1227–9.
  12. Schlaeffer F, Bar-Lavie Y, Sikuler E, Alkan M, Keynan A. Evidence against high contagiousness of Lassa fever. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1988;82:311.
  13. Hirabayashi Y, Oka S, Goto H, Shimada K, Kurata T, Fisher-Hoch SP, et al. An imported case of Lassa fever with late appearance of polyserositis. J Infect Dis. 1988;158:872–5.
  14. Mahdy MS, Chiang W, McLaughlin B, Derksen K, Truxton BH, Neg K. Lassa fever: The first confirmed case imported into Canada. Can Dis Wkly Rep. 1989;15:193–8.
  15. Holmes GP, McCormick JB, Trock SC, Chase RA, Lewis SM, Mason CA, et al. Lassa fever in the United States. Investigation of a case and new guidelines for management. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:1120–3.
  16. Schmitz H, Kohler B, Lane T, Drosten C, Veldkamp PJ, Gunther S, et al. Monitoring of clinical and laboratory data in two cases of imported Lassa fever. Microbes Infect. 2002;4:43–50.
  17. Public Health Laboratory Service Communicable Disease Surveillance Center. Case of Lassa fever in a soldier returning to the United Kingdom. Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly. 2003;13:1–2.
  18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Imported Lassa fever—New Jersey, 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53:894–7.
   
     
   
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