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Research
Genetic Divergence and Dispersal
of Yellow Fever Virus, Brazil
Pedro F.C. Vasconcelos,*
Juliet E. Bryant,† Amelia P.A.Travassos da Rosa,† Robert B. Tesh,† Sueli
G. Rodrigues,* and Alan D.T. Barrett†
*World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Arbovirus Reference
and Research, Belém, Brazil; and †University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston, Texas, USA
| Appendix. Virus
isolates used in this study |
|
|
Isolate
|
Strain ID
|
Passage levela
|
Sourceb
|
Statec
|
Community
|
Biotoped/Climatee
|
|
|
JSS
|
Brazil35 (1)
|
Mosq1, SM8
|
Humanunk
|
MT
|
No data
|
WC/EHW
|
|
Be H111
|
Brazil54 (2)
|
c6/36, SM10
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Oriboca
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr 162
|
Brazil55B
|
SM4, C6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
PA
|
Pirelli Marituba
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr 189
|
Brazil55C (2)
|
sm1 c6/36#1
|
Sabethes sp.
|
PA
|
Pirelli Marituba
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAn 23536
|
Brazil602
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Cebus sp.
|
PA
|
Belém Brasília Km94
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr 46299
|
Brazil62A (2)
|
c6/36
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Belém Brasília Km94
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr 44824
|
Brazil62B (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Belém Brasília km87
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAn142028
|
Brazil68A2
|
c6/36#1
|
Saguinus sp.
|
PA
|
Abaetetuba
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH141816
|
Brazil68B
|
SM3, c6/36#1
|
Humanunk
|
PA
|
Abaetetuba
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr142658
|
Brazil68C (2)
|
SM2, c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Barcarena
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAn142027
|
Brazil68D (2)
|
Original
|
Saguinus midas
|
PA
|
Abaetetuba
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH171995
|
Brazil69A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Belém
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH203410
|
Brazil71 (2)
|
SM2, c6/36#1
|
Humanunk
|
PA
|
Peixe Boi
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr233164
|
Brazil73A (2)
|
Mosq 4
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
GO
|
Goiás
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr232869
|
Brazil73B (2)
|
Mosq 1, SM2
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
GO
|
Goiás
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr233436
|
Brazil73C (2)
|
Original
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
GO
|
Bela Vista
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH233393
|
Brazil73D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human+
|
GO
|
Mara Rosa
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH291597
|
Brazil75
|
SM2, Mosq 1
|
Human +
|
MT
|
Aripuanã
|
WC/EHW
|
|
BeAr301129
|
Brazil76A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Alenquer
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH301035
|
Brazil76B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Alenquer
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH324213
|
Brazil77
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Altamira
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH350698
|
Brazil78A (1,2)
|
SM2, Mosq 1
|
Human unk
|
PA
|
Tomé Acu
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr350397
|
Brazil78B
|
SM2, Mosq 1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Faz. Cangalha Formosa
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH340824
|
Brazil78C
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Belterra-Santarém
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH371220
|
Brazil79A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Altamira
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr378600
|
Brazil80A
|
SM2, C6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
GO
|
Uruacu
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH385780
|
Brazil80B (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Altamira
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH379501
|
Brazil80C
|
SM2
|
Human +
|
MA
|
Montes Altos
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeH394880
|
Brazil81
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Conceição Araguaia
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH403366
|
Brazil82A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MA
|
Amarante do Maranhão
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeH405954
|
Brazil82B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Altamira
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH 413820
|
Brazil83
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
RO
|
Porto Velho
|
WA/EHW
|
|
BeH425381
|
Brazil84A (2)
|
c6/36
|
Human +
|
AP
|
Tribo Oyampi
|
NA/EHW
|
|
BeAn 424208
|
Brazil84B
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Chiropotes satanas
|
PA
|
Tucuruí
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr424719
|
Brazil84C
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
S. Domingos
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr424083
|
Brazil84D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. albomaculatus
|
PA
|
Monte Alegre
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr424492
|
Brazil84E
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
PA
|
Faro
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH422255
|
Brazil84F
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Faro
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH423602
|
Brazil84G
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
S. Domingos
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH422312
|
Brazil84H
|
SM1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Monte Alegre
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH436823
|
Brazil85A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MT
|
Sinop
|
WC/EHW
|
|
BeAr437159
|
Brazil85B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
MT
|
Sinop
|
WC/EHW
|
|
BeH463676
|
Brazil87
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Breves
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH474245
|
Brazil88A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
GO
|
Caiapônia
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH474297
|
Brazil88B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MG
|
Paracatu
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeH485717
|
Brazil89
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MG
|
Francisco Dumont
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeAr 511437
|
Brazil91A2
|
SM1, C30c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
PA
|
Barcarena
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH511843
|
Brazil91B
|
SM1, C6/36#2
|
Human +
|
RR
|
Tribo Yanomamy
|
WA/EHS
|
|
BeAn 510268
|
Brazil91C
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Alouatta sp.
|
GO
|
Goiás
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr 512943
|
Brazil92A (2)
|
SM1 C6/36-1 Vero2
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
MS
|
Sidrolândia
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr513008
|
Brazil92B (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Sabethes sp.
|
MS
|
Sidrolândia
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH512772
|
Brazil92C (2)
|
SM2, C6/36#1
|
Human unk
|
MS
|
Campo Grande
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr513060
|
Brazil92D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
MS
|
Campo Grande
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr 513292
|
Brazil92E (2)
|
SM1 C6/36-1 Vero1
|
Sabethes cloropterus
|
MS
|
Jaraguarí
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH520988
|
Brazil93A
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MA
|
Barra do Corda
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeH521244
|
Brazil93B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
MA
|
Mirador
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeAr 527785
|
Brazil94A (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Sabethes cloropterus
|
MG
|
Arinos
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeAr527198
|
Brazil94B (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
MG
|
Arinos
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeAr527547
|
Brazil94C
|
SM2, vero1
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Don Eliseu
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH526722
|
Brazil94D
|
SM2, c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MG
|
Arinos
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeAr528057
|
Brazil94E
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
MG
|
Arinos
|
SE/TSS
|
|
BeAr527410
|
Brazil94F
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
MA
|
Pastos Bons
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeH535010
|
Brazil95
|
SM2, c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
MA
|
Pastos Bons
|
NEW/EHS
|
|
BeAr 544276
|
Brazil96A (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
RO
|
Cabixi
|
WA/EHW
|
|
BeAn 604552
|
Brazil98A
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Alouatta belzebul
|
PA
|
Afua
|
NA/EHW
|
|
BeAr603401
|
Brazil98B
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
PA
|
Altamira
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr605158
|
Brazil98C
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
PA
|
Afuá
|
NA/EHW
|
|
BeH603325
|
Brazil98D
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Human unk
|
PA
|
Afuá
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeH605427
|
Brazil98E
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human +
|
PA
|
Carajas
|
EA/EHW
|
|
BeAr614320
|
Brazil99B
|
SM2
|
Haemagogus sp.
|
PA
|
Breves
|
NA/EHW
|
|
BeAr617127
|
Brazil99D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
TO
|
Monte do Carmo
|
EA/EHS
|
|
BeH613582
|
Brazil99E
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
PA
|
Breves
|
NA/EHW
|
|
BeAr628124
|
Brazil00A (2)
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
TO
|
Paranã
|
EA/EHS
|
|
BeH 622491
|
Brazil00B
|
SM1
|
Human +
|
DF
|
Brasilia
|
WC/THA
|
|
BeAn625923
|
Brazil00C
|
Original, C6/36#1
|
Alouatta sp.
|
GO
|
Goiás
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeH 622205
|
Brazil0D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Human *
|
GO
|
Goiás
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr630768
|
Brazil01A
|
SM1
|
Hg. janthinomys
|
GO
|
Alto Paraiso
|
WC/TMW
|
|
BeAr631464
|
Brazil01B
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Sa. chloropterus
|
BA
|
Jaborandi
|
NED/THA
|
|
BeAr645693
|
Brazil01D
|
SM1 c6/36#1
|
Haemagogus
|
MG
|
Uberaba
|
SE/TSS
|
|
| aPassage history
of seed strain in collection. SM, suckling mouse. |
| bOutcome of human
cases, unk = unknown, + = fatal, * = recovered. |
| cAP, Amapa; BA,
Bahia; DF, Federal District; GO, Goiás; MA, Maranhão; MG, Minas Gerais;
MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; PA, Pará; RO, Rondônia; RR,
Roraima; TO, Tocantins. |
| dEA, East Amazon;
NA, Northern Amazon; NED, Northeast Dry; NEW, Northeast Wet; S, South;
SE, Southeast; WA, West Amazon; WC, West-Central. |
| eEHW, equatorial,
hot and wet; EHS, equatorial, hot and semi-wet; THA, tropical, hot
and semi-arid; THW, tropical, semi-hot and wet; TMW, tropical, mesothermal,
wet; TSW, tropical, semi-hot, wet; TSS, tropical, semi-hot and semi-wet. |
Appendix
References
- Wang E, Weaver SC, Shope RE, Tesh RB, Watts DM, Barrett
AD. Genetic
variation in yellow fever virus: duplication in the 3´noncoding
region of strains from Africa. Virology. 1996;225:274–81.
- Bryant JE, Barrett ADT. Comparative
phylogenies of yellow fever isolates from Peru and Brazil. FEMS
Immunol Med Microbiol. 2003;39:103–18.
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