Overview
BACKGROUND
The Chronic Disease Indicators (CDI) is a cross-cutting set
of 97 indicators that were developed by consensus and that
allows states, territories and large metropolitan areas to uniformly
define, collect, and report chronic disease data that are—
- Important to public health practice
- Available for states, territories and large metropolitan areas
In addition to providing access to indicator data, the CDI Web site
serves as a gateway to additional information and data
resources.
Cross-cutting
CDI are divided into eight categories that represent a wide spectrum of
conditions and risk factors as well as social context:
- Physical activity and nutrition
- Tobacco and alcohol use
- Cancer
- Cardiovascular disease
- Diabetes
- Arthritis
- Overarching conditions
- Other diseases and risk factors
Consensus
The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) originally
worked with epidemiologists and chronic disease program directors at the
state and federal level to select, prioritize, and define 73 chronic disease
indicators. The first set of indicators was published in 1999, with
state-specific data published the following year. In 2001 the content of
both reports became available online. In 2002, CSTE adopted a revised and
expanded set of indicators—Council
of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Position Statement: Revise Chronic
Disease Indicators (CDI)—to reflect expert and stakeholder recommendations.*
(PDF–111KB)
This site presents the most up-to-date CDI definitions. The Chronic
Disease Indicators are a collaborative effort of the following
organizations:
Uniform/Available
For each indicator
- Consistent methods for conducting analyses were established to
provide data that can be compared across geographic areas.
- Surveillance data are available for the majority of states and large
metropolitan areas.
- A comprehensive definition was established, comprising the following
elements:
- Demographic group
- Numerator
- Denominator
- Measures of frequency
- Time period for case definition
- Background
- Significance
- Limitations of indicator
- Data resources
- Limitations of data resources
- Healthy People 2010 objectives
Important
- Indicators are related to diseases/conditions with substantial
public health burden.
- Indicators are consistent with Healthy People 2010 measures where
possible.
Gateway
The definition for each indicator includes a hyperlink to additional
information and data resources. These include—
Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Alcohol and Public
Health
Youth Risk Behavioral
Surveillance System (YRBSS)
State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System
National Program of Cancer
Registries
State Cancer Profiles
NCI SEER
CDC WONDER
Health-Related Quality of Life
United States Renal Data
System (USRDS)*
Current Population Survey, American Community Survey
U.S. Census Bureau
National Diabetes
Surveillance System
CDC:
Arthritis Data and Statistics
National Oral Health Surveillance
System
USES
The Chronic Disease Indicators facilitate and standardize surveillance
for states, territories and large metropolitan areas.
By States
- Colorado used the indicators to develop the
following two reports on chronic disease.
- Georgia has calculated values for 19 health
districts for most of the indicators, including race- and
district-specific values for some indicators.
- Maine has used the chronic disease indicators as
guidance for developing county-level fact sheets on cardiovascular
disease.
- New Hampshire used the indicators to develop the
state’s diabetes surveillance system. Twelve of the 13 measures in the
state’s surveillance system were from the chronic disease indicators.
New Hampshire 2007 Diabetes Data
(PDF–434KB)
- New Mexico published a comprehensive chronic
disease surveillance report that examined the available data for each
indicator. Whenever possible, data were presented at the district and
county level.
New Mexico Chronic Disease Surveillance Report*
(PDF–524KB)
- Ohio uses the indicators to help improve program
evaluation by ensuring that epidemiological data are used systematically
for baseline measurements in program impact and outcome objectives.
- Oregon has used the indicators as a standardized
methodology for analyzing chronic disease surveillance data. These data,
in turn, have helped to guide chronic disease prevention efforts,
including the reduction of health disparities.
Keeping Oregonians Healthy: Preventing Chronic Diseases by Reducing
Tobacco Use, Improving Diet, and Promoting Physical Activity and
Preventive Screenings (PDF–8.2MB)
By CDC
- The Chronic Disease Indicators inspired the Division of Diabetes
Translation at CDC to develop a resource tool called the
Diabetes Indicators and Data Sources Internet Tool. This tool contains
38 diabetes indicators and lists associated national, state and
state-specific data sources. It is designed to assist diabetes programs
with their surveillance and epidemiological activities.
Diabetes Data & Trends
- The process of selecting the Chronic Disease Indicators
provided a model for the CDC Division of Oral Health, in partnership
with the Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors, to
develop the National Oral Health Surveillance System (NOHSS). NOHSS
includes indicators of oral health, information on state dental
programs, and links to other important sources of oral health
information. The NOHSS Web site contains key oral health indicators,
including the CDI indicators related to oral health, and lists
associated national and state data sources. Web site users can view
profiles for each state, select tables and graphs for each indicator,
and create comparisons between states.
UPDATES
The indicators will be modified periodically to reflect changes in data
availability and public health priorities for chronic disease. As this
happens, this Web site will be updated to provide states and territories
with the most current tools and data to use in tracking chronic disease.
One or more documents on this Web page is available in Portable Document Format
(PDF). You will need Acrobat
Reader (a free application) to view and print these documents.
* Links to non-Federal
organizations are provided solely as a service to our users. Links do not
constitute an endorsement of any organization by CDC or the Federal
Government, and none should be inferred. The CDC is not responsible for
the content of the individual organization Web pages found at this link.
|
