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LEGEND:
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| Glossary of Terms Used in HIV/AIDS Health Education and Risk Reduction Activities |
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- Communication Channels
Routes or methods selected to reach target audiences with HIV/AIDS information. Types of channels include mass media, interpersonal transactions, and community-based interactions.
- Communities
Social units that are at least one of the following: functional spatial units meeting basic needs for sustenance, units of patterned social interaction, or symbolic units of collective identity.
- Community Theater
Local community theatrical presentations used to provide HIV/AIDS awareness and educational interventions that are developed, casted by, and targeted toward school-age youth.
- Cultural Competency
Having the capacity and skills to function effectively in environments that are culturally diverse and are composed of distinct elements and qualities. Cultural competence begins with the STD/HIV professional understanding and respecting cultural differences and realizing that the client's culture affects his/her beliefs, perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors.
- Developmentally Appropriate
Material developed at a level that is consistent with the learning skills of the person served so as to ensure comprehension.
- Distribution of Bleach
The distribution of bleach is the handing out of free, small bottles of bleach for the purpose of cleaning injecting drug use needles and syringes. Bleach is usually distributed as part of outreach to injecting drug users. Needle cleaning instruction labels are usually put on the bleach bottles. Outreach staff are usually involved in filling and labeling bleach bottles. Other materials distributed to IDUs include bottle caps for cookers, cotton, alcohol wipes, and bottles of water for rinsing needles.
- Condom Distribution
The distribution of condoms is the handing out of free condoms as part of an HIV/AIDS educational intervention. Condoms and literature with instructions on proper use may also be distributed as an item in safer sex kits.
- Hotline
Telephone service (local or toll-free) offering up-to-date information on HIV/AIDS and referral to related local services, e.g., counseling/testing and support groups. Hotlines may receive crisis calls; however, the intent is usually to provide information and referral.
- Linguistically Specific
Dialect and terminology consistent with the target population's native language and style of communication.
- Mass Media
Means by which information is conveyed to large groups of people; generally includes television, radio and print. These mass media are often used to disseminate information about HIV/AIDS and its impact on the local community.
The use of broadcast or print media for the dissemination of information about HIV/AIDS and its impact on the local community.
- Paid Advertising (TV, Radio, Print)
Paying for the placement of advertisements/announcements/information on radio, TV, newspapers, magazines, billboards, and bus cards/bus shelters.
- Peer Education
Peer education is HIV/AIDS education provided by trained, self-identified
members of the target population to groups of their peers. Peer educators usually serve as role models, demonstrating to their peers behaviors that promote risk-reduction.
- Peer Support Counseling
Individual or group support counseling sessions facilitated by a trained, self-identified member of the target group, population, or community, i.e., a peer outreach educator.
- Pretesting
Testing of planned public information strategies, messages, or materials before completion and release to help assure effectiveness.
- Professional Training
HIV/AIDS training (lectures in basic AIDS facts, counseling and testing training, and AIDS updates/seminars/forums/workshops) provided usually for health, education, and social service professionals in the community, e.g., nurses, doctors, counselors, social workers, teachers, and law enforcement officers.
- Public Information
HIV/AIDS prevention activities directed to target audiences that are designed to build general support for safe behavior, support personal risk-reduction efforts, and/or inform persons at risk of infection how to obtain specific services.
- Risk-Reduction Counseling
Individual or group counseling sessions focusing on behavior change activities, such as safer sex practices, proper condom use and demonstration, and needle cleaning. Usually conducted by trained AIDS health educators/counselors. Trained peer outreach educators may also conduct risk-reduction counseling with their peers in or out of an office setting, e.g., as part of street outreach.
- Speakers Bureau
A group of volunteers who have been trained to provide basic HIV/AIDS educational presentations usually targeted toward community social, cultural, and educational groups. In addition, presentations may be given in other settings where persons at high risk for infection can be reached, such as homeless shelters or juvenile detention centers.
These presentations are intended to raise AIDS awareness in the community.
- Special Events
HIV/AIDS outreach/educational activities conducted at community events such as street fairs, job/health fairs, and local community celebrations, e.g., Black History Month, Cinco de Mayo, and Gay and Lesbian Pride Day.
- Street Outreach
HIV/AIDS educational interventions generally conducted by peer outreach educators on the street, face-to-face with high-risk individuals. The handing out of condoms, bleach, sexual responsibility kits, and educational materials, e.g., safer sex cards and pamphlets, is usually done as part of street outreach targeted at high-risk groups.
- Workshop Presentations
HIV/AIDS educational sessions in which a speaker presents information to an audience. Depending on the audience, presentations may be given by HIV/AIDS health educators, peer outreach educators, or trained volunteers. Workshop presentations represent the most structured health education and risk reduction intervention efforts. However, their impact is limited because they are single-encounter experiences.
These presentations provide technical information that could initiate the changing of norms or individual behavior.
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