Alphabetical Index of Water-related Health Data
This list provides links to various health related data (surveillance summaries, outbreak reports, and surveillance systems) for potentially waterborne or water-related diseases and injuries. Data on all nationally notifiable diseases in the U.S. are summarized annually in the MMWR and can be accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/ncphi/disss/nndss/annsum/index.htm. Surveillance system and data links have been chosen because the information is electronically accessible. Outbreaks cited are those documented in CDC publications (MMWR, Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID)) which are not copyrighted.
A single asterisk (*) denotes Nationally Notifiable Diseases through the Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
A
Acanthamoeba spp.
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific contaminant. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
- MMWR-Acanthamoeba Keratitis --- Multiple States, 2005-2007 (May 26, 2007 / 56(Dispatch);1-3) (MMWR, 2007)
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Soft-Contact-Lens Wearers (MMWR, 1987)
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis Associated with Contact Lenses -- United States (MMWR, 1986)
Outbreak Reports
- 2007 Outbreak (CDC)
Adenovirus
Surveillance Systems
- The National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- National Adenovirus Surveillance (CDC)
- National Surveillance for Emerging Adenovirus Infections (University of Iowa)
Outbreak Reports
- Acute Respiratory Disease Associated with Adenovirus Serotype 14--Four States 2006-2007 (MMWR, 2007)
- Civilian Outbreak of Adenovirus Acute Respiratory Disease -- South Dakota, 1997 (MMWR, 1998)
- Outbreak of Pharyngoconjunctival Fever at a Summer Camp -- North Carolina, 1991 (MMWR, 1992)
- Adenovirus Type 7 Outbreak in a Pediatric Chronic-Care Facility -- Pennsylvania, 1982 (MMWR, 1983)
Algal Blooms, Harmful (see Harmful Algal Blooms)
Amebiasis (see Entamoeba histolytica)
B
Balamuthia mandrillaris
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific contaminant. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
Outbreak Reports
- No outbreak reports on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Boating (see Injuries)
Buruli Ulcer (see Mycobacterium ulcerans)
C
Campylobacter
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
- National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS): Enteric Bacteria
Surveillance Data
- Relative rates compared with 1996—1998 period of laboratory-diagnosed cases of infection with Campylobacter, by age group and year (CDC, 2008) (PDF, 56.7 kb, 1 page)
- Friedman, C. R., J. Neimann, et al. (2000). Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in the United States and other industrialized nations. Campylobacter, 2nd edition. I. Nachamkin and M. Blaser. Washington D.C., American Society for Microbiology: 121-138.
- Campylobacter Isolates in the United States, 1982-1986 (MMWR, 1988)
Outbreak Reports
Campylobacteriosis (see Campylobacter)
Cercarial Dermatitis
Surveillance Systems
Surveillance Data
- No surveillance data on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Outbreak Reports
Chloramines
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific contaminant. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
- No surveillance data on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Outbreak Reports
Cholera * (see Vibrio cholerae)
Coxsackievirus
Surveillance Systems
- National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2002—2004 (MMWR, 2006)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2000—2001 (MMWR, 2002)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1997—1999 (MMWR, 2000)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1970—2005 (MMWR, 2006)
- Increased Detections and Severe Neonatal Disease Associated with Coxsackievirus B1 Infection: Analyzed case reports and preliminary data from NESS (MMWR, 2008)
Outbreak Reports
- No outbreak reports on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Cryptosporidiosis * (see Cryptosporidium spp.)
Cryptosporidium spp. *
Surveillance Systems
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
Surveillance Data
- Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia intestinalis in Swimming Pools, Atlanta, Georgia. (EID, 2008)
- Cryptosporidiosis Surveillance -- United States, 2003-2005. (MMWR, 2007)
- Cryptosporidiosis Surveillance --- United States 1999--2002. (MMWR, 2005)
- National Surveillance for Infection with Cryptosporidium parvum, 1995-1998: What Have We Learned? (Public Health Rep, 2000)
Outbreak Reports
- Communitywide Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak --- Utah, 2007 (MMWR, 2008)
- Cryptosporidiosis Outbreaks Associated with Recreational Water Use --- Five States, 2006 (MMWR, 2007)
- Protracted Outbreaks of Cryptosporidiosis Associated With Swimming Pool Use --- Ohio and Nebraska, 2000 (MMWR, 2001)
- Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated With an Interactive Water Fountain at a Beachside Park --- Florida, 1999 (MMWR, 2000)
- Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis Associated with a Water Sprinkler Fountain -- Minnesota, 1997 (MMWR, 1998)
- Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis at a Day Camp -- Florida, July-August 1995 (MMWR, 1996)
- Cryptosporidium Infections Associated with Swimming Pools -- Dane County, Wisconsin, 1993 (MMWR, 1994)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Swimming-Associated Cryptosporidiosis -- Los Angeles County (MMWR, 1990)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Cryptosporidiosis among Children Attending Day-Care Centers -- Georgia, Pennsylvania, Michigan, California, New Mexico (MMWR, 1984)
Cyclospora spp.
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
Surveillance Data
Outbreak Reports
- Cyclosporiasis Outbreak, Indonesia (EID, 2005)
- Outbreak of Cyclosporiasis Associated with Snow Peas --- Pennsylvania, 2004 (MMWR, 2004)
- Outbreak of Cyclosporiasis -- Ontario, Canada, May 1998 (MMWR, 1998)
- Outbreaks of Cyclosporiasis -- United States, 1997 (MMWR, 1997)
- Outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection -- United States, 1996 (MMWR, 1996)
Cyclosporiasis (see Cyclospora spp.)
D
Diarrhea
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific illness. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
- 2006 National Estimate of Waterborne Disease Associated with Public Drinking Water (CDC)
- A population-based estimate of the substantial burden of diarrhoeal disease in the United States: Foodnet, 1996-1997 (PDF, 158 kb, 9 pages)
Outbreak Reports
Drowning (see Injuries)
E
Escherichia coli 0157:H7 / "E. coli" (Shiga toxin-producing(STEC))
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Bacterial Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases National Case Surveillance, Annual Report, 2005: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, non-O157
(PDF, 691 kb, 52 pages) - Bacterial Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases National Case Surveillance, Annual Report, 2004: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, non-O157 (PDF, 709 kb, 57 pages)
- Bacterial Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases National Case Surveillance, Annual Report, 2003: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, non-O157 (PDF, 208 kb, 57 pages)
- Surveillance for E. coli O157:H7 Infections in FoodNet Sites, 1996-1998: No Decline in Incidence and Marked Regional Variation. 2nd International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIP Foodnet Working Group, 2000) (PDF, 32 KB, 2 pages)
Outbreak Reports
Echovirus
Surveillance Systems
- National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1970—2005 (MMWR, 2006)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2002—2004 (MMWR, 2006)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2000—2001 (MMWR, 2002)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1997—1999 (MMWR, 2000)
- Echovirus Type 13---United States, 2001 (MMWR, 2001)
Outbreak Reports
Entamoeba histolytica
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific contaminant. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
- No surveillance data on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Outbreak Reports
Enteroviruses
Surveillance Systems
- National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Increased Detections and Severe Neonatal Disease Associated with Coxsackievirus B1 Infection: Analyzed case reports and preliminary data from NESS (MMWR, 2008)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1970—2005 (MMWR, 2006)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2002—2004 (MMWR, 2006)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 2000—2001 (MMWR, 2002)
- Enterovirus Surveillance --- United States, 1997—1999 (MMWR, 2000)
Outbreak Reports
F
Folliculitis (see Pseudomonas)
G
Giardia *
Surveillance Systems
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
Surveillance Data
- Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia intestinalis in Swimming Pools, Atlanta, Georgia. (EID, 2008)
- Giardiasis Surveillance - United States, 2003-2005 (MMWR, 2007)
- Giardiasis Surveillance - United States, 1998-2002 (MMWR, 2005)
- Giardiasis Surveillance -- United States, 1992-1997 (MMWR, 2000)
Outbreak Reports
Giardiasis * (see Giardia)
H
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)
Surveillance Systems
- Harmful Algal Bloom Illness Surveillance System (HABISS) (CDC)
- Harmful Algal Information System (HAIS) (UNESCO)
- Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting System: Information on HAB detection and forecasting in the Gulf of Mexico (NOAA)
- Harmful Algal Blooms: Identification and Monitoring (NOAA)
- Data updated by the International Working Group on Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics (International Working Groups on HABs)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Environmental public health surveillance: possible estuary-associated syndrome (Environ Health Perspect, 2001)
- Surveillance for Possible Estuary-Associated Syndrome --- Six States, 1998—1999 (MMWR, 2000)
Outbreak Reports
- Illness Associated with Red Tide --- Nassau County, Florida, 2007 (MMWR, 2008)
- Ciguatera Fish Poisoning, Texas 1998 and South Carolina 2004 (MMWR, 2006)
- Ciguatera Fish Poisoning, Texas --- 1997 (MMWR, 1998)
- Ciguatera Fish Poisoning, Florida --- 1991 (MMWR, 1993)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Ciguatera Fish Poisoning --- Vermont (MMWR, 1986)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Ciguatera Fish Poisoning --- Bahamas, Miami (MMWR, 1982)
Hepatitis A *
Surveillance Systems
- National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Surveillance for Acute Viral Hepatitis--United States, 2006 (MMWR, 2008)
- Reported cases of acute viral hepatitis, by type and year, United States, 1966-2003 (CDC) (PDF, 29.3 kb, 1 page)
- Viral Hepatitis Webpage – Surveillance and Data (CDC)
Outbreak Reports
I
Injuries
Surveillance Systems
- Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS)
- (Datasets: Mortality Data, NEISS All Injury Program)
Surveillance Data
- Paddle Sports Fatalities --- Maine, 2000--2007 (MMWR, 2008)
- Notice to Readers: Drownings in Recreational Water Settings (MMWR, 2006)
- Nonfatal and Fatal Drownings in Recreational Water Settings --- United States, 2001--2002 (MMWR, 2004)
- Lifeguard effectiveness: A report of the working group. (CDC, 2001)
- Drowning – Louisiana, 1998 (MMWR, 2001)
- Self-reported swimming ability in U.S. adults, 1994 (Public Health Rep, 2000)
- Boat propeller-related injuries—Texas, 1997 (MMWR, 1998)
- Drownings in a Private Lake -- North Carolina, 1981-1990 (MMWR, 1992)
- Perspectives in Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Aquatic Deaths and Injuries – United States (MMWR, 1992)
- Current Trends Child Drownings and Near Drownings Associated with Swimming Pools -- Maricopa County, Arizona, 1988 and 1989 (MMWR, 1990)
- Injuries at a Water Slide – Washington (MMWR, 1984)
- Perspectives in Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Aquatic Deaths and Injuries -- United States (MMWR, 1982)
J
No currently listed health data.
K
No currently listed health data.
L
Legionella *
Surveillance Systems
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
- Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
Surveillance Data
- Increasing incidence of legionellosis in the United States, 1990-2005: changing epidemiologic trends (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2008)
- Surveillance for Travel-Associated Legionnaires Disease, 2005—2006 (MMWR, 2007)
- Cruise-Ship--Associated Legionnaires Disease, November 2003--May 2004 (MMWR, 2005)
- Legionnaires’ disease in Europe 2000-2002 (Epidemiology and Infection, 2004)
- Trends in legionnaires disease, 1980-1998: declining mortality and new patterns of diagnosis (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2002)
Outbreak Reports
- Legionnaires Disease Associated with Potable Water in a Hotel, Maryland --- 2003-2004 (MMWR, 2005)
- Large Outbreak of Legionnaires Disease at a Flower Show, Netherlands --- 1999 (EID, 2002)
- Legionnaires Disease Associated with a Whirlpool Spa Display -- Virginia, September - October, 1996 (MMWR, 1997)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Follow-Up on Respiratory Illness - Philadelphia (MMWR, 1997)
- Update: Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease Associated With a Cruise Ship, 1994 (MMWR, 1994)
- Outbreak of Pneumonia Associated with a Cruise Ship, 1994 (MMWR, 1994)
- Recurrence of Legionnaires Disease at a Hotel in the United States Virgin Islands over a 20-Year Period (CDC)
Legionellosis * (see Legionella)
Leptospira
Surveillance Systems
Surveillance Data
- No surveillance data on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Outbreak Reports
- Brief Report: Leptospirosis After Flooding of a University Campus --- Hawaii, 2004 (MMWR, 2006)
- Leptospirosis during Dengue Outbreak, Bangladesh (EID, 2005)
- Leptospirosis in "Eco-Challenge" athletes, Malaysian Borneo, 2000 (EID, 2003)
- Update: Leptospirosis and Unexplained Acute Febrile Illness Among Athletes Participating in Triathlons -- Illinois and Wisconsin, 1998 (MMWR, 1998)
- Outbreak of Acute Febrile Illness Among Athletes Participating in Triathlons -- Wisconsin and Illinois, 1998 (MMWR, 1998)
- Outbreak of Leptospirosis Among White-Water Rafters -- Costa Rica, 1996 (MMWR, 1997)
Leptospirosis (see Leptospira)
M
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Surveillance Systems
- No formal national surveillance system captures health data on this specific contaminant. It is typically reported on a case by case basis.
Surveillance Data
- Buruli Ulcer Surveillance, Benin, 2003--2005 (EID, 2007)
N
Naegleria fowleri
Surveillance Systems
Outbreak Reports
Norovirus
Surveillance Systems
Surveillance Data
- Norovirus Activity --- United States, 2006-2007
- Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food --- 10 States, United States, 2005
Outbreak Reports
- Norovirus Outbreak in Elementary School --- Washington, D.C., 2007 (MMWR, 2008)
- Multistate Outbreak of Norovirus --- West Virginia, 2006 (MMWR, 2007)
- Norovirus Outbreak associated with Food Service Workers --- Michigan, 2007 (MMWR, 2007)
- Norovirus Outbreak among Hurricane Katrina Evacuees --- Texas, 2005 (MMWR, 2005)
- An Outbreak of Norovirus Gastroenteritis at a Swimming Club --- Vermont, 2004 (MMWR, 2004)
O
Otitis media (see Pseudomonas)
P
Plesiomonas shigelloides
Surveillance Systems
Pontiac Fever (see Legionella)
Pseudomonas
Surveillance Systems
Surveillance Data
- No surveillance data on this specific contaminant/disease are listed at this time.
Outbreak Reports
- Pseudomonas Dermatitis/Folliculitis Associated With Pools and Hot Tubs --- Colorado and Maine, 1999--2000 (MMWR, 2000)
- An Outbreak of Pseudomonas Folliculitis Associated with a Waterslide -- Utah (MMWR, 1983)
- Otitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Serotype 0:10 Associated with a Mobile Redwood Hot Tub System -- North Carolina (MMWR, 1982)
Q
No currently listed health data.
R
Rotavirus
Surveillance Systems
- National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (Nationwide)
- New Vaccine Surveillance Network (3 sites)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
U.S. National Surveillance
- National Rotavirus Surveillance (CDC)
- Rotavirus Regional Trends (CDC)
- Rotavirus National Trends (CDC)
- Delayed Onset and Diminished Magnitude of Rotavirus Activity -- United States, November 2007-May 2008 (MMWR, 2008)
- Laboratory-Based Surveillance for Rotavirus -- United States, July 1997-June 1998 (MMWR, 1998)
- Laboratory-Based Surveillance for Rotavirus -- United States, July 1996-June 1997 (MMWR, 1997)
- Current Trends Rotavirus Surveillance -- United States, 1989-1990 (MMWR, 1991)
Global Surveillance
- Rotavirus Surveillance --- Worldwide, 2001--2008 (MMWR, 2008)
- Global Rotavirus Surveillance (CDC)
- First Report from the Asian Rotavirus Surveillance Network (CDC EID, 2004)
- Global Illness and Deaths caused by Rotavirus Disease in Children (CDC EID, 2003)
Outbreak Reports
S
Salmonella * (Salmonellosis)
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- Public Health Laboratory Information System (PHLIS)
- National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2006 (CDC, 2006) (PDF, 5.2 mb, 101 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2005 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 4.9 mb, 94 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2004 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 3.5 mb, 95 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2003 (CDC, 2003) (PDF, 3.3 mb, 89 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2002 (CDC, 2002) (PDF, 2.7 mb, 86 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2001 (CDC, 2001) (PDF, 3.6 mb, 154 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2000 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 22.8 mb, 149 pages)
- For more information on Salmonella Annual Summaries from 1995-2006, visit CDC’s PHLIS Surveillance Data- Salmonella and CDC’s National Salmonella Surveillance System.
- FoodNet Estimate of the Burden of Illness Caused by Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infections in the United States (1996-1999) (CDC, 2004)
- FoodNet Active Surveillance for Salmonella enteritidis (SE): 1996 (CDC, 1996)
Outbreak Reports
Salmonella typhi *
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- Public Health Laboratory Information System (PHLIS)
- National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS)
- National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2006 (CDC, 2006) (PDF, 5.2 mb, 101 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2005 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 4.9 mb, 94 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2004 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 3.5 mb, 95 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2003 (CDC, 2003) (PDF, 3.3 mb, 89 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2002 (CDC, 2002) (PDF, 2.7 mb, 86 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2001 (CDC, 2001) (PDF, 3.6 mb, 154 pages)
- Salmonella Annual Summary 2000 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 22.8 mb, 149 pages)
- For more information on Salmonella Annual Surveillance Summaries from 1995-2006, visit CDC’s PHLIS Surveillance Data- Salmonella and CDC’s National Typhoid and Paratyphoid Surveillance.
- The global burden of typhoid fever (WHO, 2004) (PDF, 208 kb, 8 pages)
Outbreak Reports
Salmonellosis * (see Salmonella)
Shigella * (Shigellosis)
Surveillance Systems
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- Public Health Laboratory Information System (PHLIS)
- National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS)
- National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Shigella Annual Summary 2005 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 5.1 mb, 28 pages)
- Shigella Annual Summary 2004 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 1.4 mb, 28 pages)
- Shigella Annual Summary 2003 (CDC, 2003) (PDF, 1.3 mb, 28 pages)
- Shigella Annual Summary 2002 (CDC, 2002) (PDF, 1.4 mb, 28 pages)
- Shigella Annual Summary 2001 (CDC, 2001) (PDF, 1.7 mb, 52 pages)
- Shigella Annual Summary 2000 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 7.3 mb, 51 pages)
- For more information on Shigella Annual Surveillance Summaries from 1995-2005, visit CDC’s PHLIS Surveillance Data- Shigella and CDC’s National Shigella Surveillance System.
- Laboratory-Confirmed Shigellosis in the United States, 1989–2002: Epidemiologic Trends and Patterns (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004) (PDF, 473.6 kb, 6 pages)
Outbreak Reports
- Outbreaks of Multidrug-Resistant Shigella sonnei Gastroenteritis Associated with Day Care Centers --- Kansas, Kentucky, and Missouri, 2005 (MMWR, 2006)
- Shigella flexneri Serotype 3 Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men --- Chicago, Illinois, 2003—2004 (MMWR, 2005)
- Shigellosis Outbreak Associated With an Unchlorinated Fill-and-Drain-Wading Pool --- Iowa, 2001 (MMWR, 2001)
- Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated with an Interactive Water Fountain at a Beachside Park - Florida, 1999 (MMWR, 2000)
- Outbreaks of Shigella sonnei infection associated with eating fresh parsley - United States and Canada, July - August 1998 (MMWR, 1999)
- Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Multiply Resistant Shigellosis in a Day-Care Center – Texas (MMWR, 1986)
Shigellosis * (see Shigella)
Staphylococcus aureus
Surveillance Systems
- Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)
- National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- S. aureus and MRSA Surveillance Summary 2007 (CDC)
- Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report Emerging Infections Program Network Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 2006 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 38 kb, 1 page)
- Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report Emerging Infections Program Network Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 2005 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 38 kb, 1 page)
- Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in the United States, 2001-2002 (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2006, Pubmed)
- Changes in the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in intensive care units in US hospitals, 1992-2003 (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2006, Pubmed)
- Methicillin-resistant–Staphylococcus aureus Hospitalizations, United States (CDC EID, 2006)
Outbreak Reports
Swimmer's Itch (see Cercarial dermatitis)
T
Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis)
Surveillance Systems
- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Ocular toxoplasmosis: a global reassessment. Part II: disease manifestation and management (American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2004, Pubmed)
- Ocular toxoplasmosis: a global reassessment. Part I: epidemiology and course of disease (American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2003, Pubmed)
- Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States, 1999-2000 (CDC EID, 2003)
Outbreak Reports
Toxoplasmosis (see Toxoplasma gondii)
Typhoid Fever * (see Salmonella typhi)
U
No currently listed health data.
V
Vibrio (multiple species)
Outbreak Reports
Vibrio cholerae *
In order to find Vibrio species in annual surveillance summaries, please search in Foodborne Disease Surveillance Summaries before 2003. After 2003, please find them in both Foodborne and Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS).
Surveillance Systems
- National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- WHO: Global Health Atlas
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
U.S. National Surveillance
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2006 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 482.7 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2005 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 98.8 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2004 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 138.2 kb, 11 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2003 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 143.2 kb, 9 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 130.4 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2001 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 125.4 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2000 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 101.9 kb, 5 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1999 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 46.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1997-1998 (CDC, 1999) (PDF, 41.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Trends in sporadic Vibrio infections in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, 1996-2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 20.4 kb, 2 pages)
- Emergence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O141 causing cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infection in the United States (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003)
- Cholera in the United States, 1995-2000: trends at the end of the millennium (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2001)
- Reported cholera in the United States, 1992-1994: a reflection of global changes in cholera epidemiology (Journal of the American Medical Association, 1996)
Global Surveillance
- Update: Vibrio cholerae O1 - Western Hemisphere, 1991-1994, and V. cholerae O139 - Asia, 1994. (MMWR, 1995)
- Surveillance for Cholera - Cochabamba Department, Bolivia, January-June 1992 (MMWR, 1993)
- Epidemic Cholera - Burundi and Zimbabwe, 1992-1993 (MMWR, 1993)
- Update: Cholera - Western Hemisphere, 1992 (MMWR, 1993)
Outbreak Reports
- Two Cases of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 Infection After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita --- Louisiana, October 2005 (MMWR, 2006)
- Cholera Epidemic Associated with Raw Vegetables --- Lusaka, Zambia, 2003—2004 (MMWR, 2004)
- Cholera Epidemic After Increased Civil Conflict --- Monrovia, Liberia, June--September 2003 (MMWR, 2003)
- Cholera Associated with Food Transported from El Salvador - Indiana, 1994 (MMWR, 1995)
- Imported Cholera Associated with a Newly Described Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 Strain - California, 1993 (MMWR, 1993)
Vibrio cholerae non-01*
In order to find Vibrio species in annual surveillance summaries, please search in Foodborne Disease Surveillance Summaries before 2003. After 2003, please find them in both Foodborne and Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS).
Surveillance Systems
- National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- WHO: Global Health Atlas
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2006 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 482.7 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2005 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 98.8 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2004 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 138.2 kb, 11 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2003 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 143.2 kb, 9 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 130.4 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2001 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 125.4 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2000 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 101.9 kb, 5 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1999 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 46.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1997-1998 (CDC, 1999) (PDF, 41.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Trends in sporadic Vibrio infections in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, 1996-2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 20.4 kb, 2 pages)
- Emergence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O141 causing cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infection in the United States (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus *
Surveillance Systems
- National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- WHO: Global Health Atlas
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2006 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 482.7 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2005 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 98.8 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2004 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 138.2 kb, 11 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2003 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 143.2 kb, 9 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 130.4 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2001 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 125.4 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2000 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 101.9 kb, 5 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1999 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 46.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1997-1998 (CDC, 1999) (PDF, 41.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Trends in sporadic Vibrio infections in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, 1996-2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 20.4 kb, 2 pages)
- Emergence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O141 causing cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infection in the United States (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003)
- Daniels NA, MacKinnon L, Bishop R, Altekruse S, Ray B, Hammond RM, Thompson S, Wilson S, Bean NH, Griffin PM, Slutsker L. Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infections in the United States, 1973-1998. J Infect Dis 2000; 181: 1661-1666.
- The epidemiology of Vibrio infections in Florida, 1981-1993 (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1996)
- Vibrio infections on the Gulf Coast: results of the first year of regional surveillance (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1992)
Outbreak Reports
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with consumption of raw shellfish—Three states, 2006 (MMWR, 2006)
- Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection associated with eating raw oysters and clams harvested from Long Island Sound - Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York, 1998 (MMWR, 1999)
- Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with eating raw oysters - Pacific Northwest, 1997 (MMWR, 1998)
Vibrio vulnificus *
Surveillance Systems
- National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS)
- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Foodnet)
- WHO: Global Health Atlas
- Waterborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS)
Surveillance Data
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2006 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 482.7 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2005 (CDC, 2007) (PDF, 98.8 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2004 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 138.2 kb, 11 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2003 (CDC, 2005) (PDF, 143.2 kb, 9 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 130.4 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2001 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 125.4 kb, 8 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 2000 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 101.9 kb, 5 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1999 (CDC, 2000) (PDF, 46.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Summary of human Vibrio isolates reported to CDC, 1997-1998 (CDC, 1999) (PDF, 41.7 kb, 7 pages)
- Trends in sporadic Vibrio infections in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, 1996-2002 (CDC, 2004) (PDF, 20.4 kb, 2 pages)
- Emergence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O141 causing cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infection in the United States (Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003)
Outbreak Reports
Viral Gastroenteritis (see Norovirus and Rotavirus)
W
No currently listed health data.
X
No currently listed health data.
Y
No currently listed health data.
Z
No currently listed health data.
* denotes Nationally Notifiable Diseases through the Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).
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