| Any Breastfeeding | Exclusive Breastfeeding | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever Breastfed | Breastfed at 6 Months | Breastfed at 12 Months | Exclusive Breastfeeding through 3 Months | Exclusive Breastfeeding through 6 Months | ||||
| Socio-demographic Factors | n | % ± half 95% CI | % ± half 95% CI | % ± half 95% CI | n | % ± half 95% CI | % ± half 95% CI | |
| US National | 21069 | 83.1±1.0 | 58.2±1.2 | 37.6±1.2 | 20380 | 45.3±1.2 | 25.4±1.1 | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 10875 | 82.9±1.4 | 58.1±1.7 | 36.8±1.6 | 10528 | 44.8±1.7 | 25.5±1.5 | |
| Female | 10194 | 83.4±1.3 | 58.2±1.7 | 38.4±1.7 | 9852 | 45.9±1.7 | 25.2±1.5 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Hispanic | 4004 | 81.9±2.3 | 55.2±2.8 | 35.7±2.7 | 3915 | 43.0±2.8 | 24.3±2.5 | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 11676 | 85.3±1.1 | 61.3±1.5 | 40.7±1.5 | 11231 | 49.1±1.6 | 27.6±1.4 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2128 | 77.3±2.7 | 49.1±3.2 | 26.8±2.8 | 2077 | 39.2±3.2 | 20.4±2.6 | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1096 | 87.1±3.6 | 73.7±4.2 | 48.5±4.8 | 1061 | 43.1±4.8 | 29.1±4.4 | |
| Non-Hispanic Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 115 | NA | NA | NA | 108 | NA | NA | |
| Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native | 303 | NA | NA | NA | 296 | NA | NA | |
| 2 or more races | 1747 | 84.1±3.2 | 57.2±4.3 | 38.4±4.2 | 1692 | 45.4±4.4 | 23.3±3.6 | |
| Maternal Education | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 1125 | 72.5±4.1 | 44.7±4.8 | 28.7±4.4 | 1091 | 35.9±4.7 | 19.0±3.9 | |
| High school graduate | 3513 | 74.4±2.3 | 45.6±2.7 | 27.7±2.4 | 3441 | 38.7±2.7 | 21.9±2.3 | |
| Some college or technical school | 5183 | 83.3±1.8 | 53.3±2.3 | 32.8±2.2 | 5034 | 45.3±2.4 | 23.9±2.0 | |
| College graduate | 11248 | 91.9±0.8 | 73.1±1.4 | 49.3±1.6 | 10814 | 52.5±1.6 | 30.4±1.5 | |
| Maternal Age | ||||||||
| Under 20 | 146 | NA | NA | NA | 145 | NA | NA | |
| 20 - 29 | 5656 | 78.6±2.0 | 47.6±2.3 | 29.6±2.1 | 5515 | 41.9±2.3 | 22.2±1.9 | |
| 30 or older | 15267 | 85.7±1.0 | 63.8±1.4 | 41.8±1.4 | 14720 | 47.2±1.4 | 27.1±1.3 | |
| Poverty Income Ratio3 | ||||||||
| Less than 100 | 3498 | 75.4±2.4 | 44.2±2.8 | 25.5±2.4 | 3427 | 36.0±2.7 | 19.7±2.2 | |
| 100 – 199 | 3920 | 79.3±2.3 | 51.9±2.8 | 32.9±2.7 | 3797 | 43.8±2.8 | 23.4±2.4 | |
| 200 – 399 | 5521 | 85.2±1.7 | 60.2±2.3 | 40.7±2.2 | 5345 | 47.7±2.3 | 27.8±2.1 | |
| 400 – 599 | 3896 | 90.1±1.6 | 71.6±2.4 | 48.2±2.8 | 3744 | 52.3±2.8 | 30.3±2.6 | |
| 600 or greater | 4234 | 90.1±2.2 | 71.9±2.6 | 47.4±2.7 | 4067 | 51.5±2.8 | 28.8±2.5 | |
| Marital Status4 | ||||||||
| Married | 15247 | 88.9±0.9 | 68.0±1.3 | 46.4±1.4 | 14687 | 51.3±1.5 | 30.2±1.4 | |
| Unmarried | 5822 | 74.0±1.9 | 42.6±2.1 | 23.7±1.8 | 5693 | 36.0±2.1 | 17.9±1.6 | |
| Geographic Location5 | ||||||||
| Metropolitan | 17663 | 83.9±1.0 | 59.4±1.3 | 38.4±1.3 | 17082 | 45.6±1.3 | 25.7±1.2 | |
| Non-metropolitan | 3406 | 76.7±2.9 | 48.4±3.1 | 30.9±2.6 | 3298 | 43.2±3.1 | 23.0±2.3 | |
| Birth Order | ||||||||
| First born | 8199 | 84.5±1.4 | 55.8±1.9 | 34.9±1.8 | 7960 | 41.1±1.9 | 22.2±1.6 | |
| Not first born | 12870 | 82.2±1.3 | 59.6±1.5 | 39.2±1.5 | 12420 | 47.9±1.6 | 27.3±1.4 | |
| Receiving WIC6 | ||||||||
| Yes | 7007 | 74.0±1.8 | 42.7±2.0 | 24.3±1.7 | 6864 | 35.0±2.0 | 18.0±1.6 | |
| No, but eligible | 1936 | 84.3±2.9 | 62.3±3.9 | 43.2±4.0 | 1855 | 53.6±4.1 | 31.9±3.8 | |
| Ineligible | 11994 | 91.5±0.9 | 71.7±1.4 | 48.7±1.6 | 11540 | 53.3±1.6 | 31.0±1.5 | |
1Data from the U.S. territories are excluded from the national breastfeeding estimates to be consistent with the analytical methods for the establishment of Healthy People 2030 targets on breastfeeding.
2Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as ONLY breast milk – NO solids, no water, and no other liquids.
3Poverty Income Ratio = Ratio of self-reported family income to the federal poverty threshold value depending on the number of people in the household.
4Unmarried includes never married, widowed, separated, divorced and living with partners.
5Metropolitan area is defined by the Census Bureau.
6WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. Individuals who did not provide information on WIC status were excluded from analysis of this variable.
NA = Estimate not available because the 95% CI was mostly greater than 10 in these subgroups.
Source: National Immunization Survey-Child, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services