| Table 2.1a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed vaginal births by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after vaginal birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 1.1 | 3.6 | 20.1 | 75.2 | 2703 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 97.9 | 143 |
| Government hospital | 1.5 | 6.8 | 22.8 | 68.9 | 518 |
| Non-profit hospital | 0.9 | 2.7 | 19.2 | 77.2 | 1683 |
| Private hospital | 2.0 | 4.4 | 27.5 | 66.1 | 342 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 35.3 | 64.7 | 17 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 1.0 | 4.9 | 31.2 | 62.9 | 205 |
| No | 1.2 | 3.6 | 20.3 | 74.9 | 2355 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 14.2 | 81.1 | 597 |
| 250-499 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 16.6 | 77.5 | 471 |
| 500-999 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 18.9 | 75.8 | 562 |
| 1000-1999 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 23.4 | 72.7 | 556 |
| 2000-4999 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 27.6 | 69.3 | 456 |
| 5000 or more | 0.0 | 6.6 | 29.5 | 63.9 | 61 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 1.2 | 3.5 | 15.7 | 79.6 | 1053 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 1.2 | 4.2 | 21.0 | 73.6 | 1055 |
| Level 3 NICU | 0.7 | 2.5 | 26.2 | 70.6 | 595 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 1.1 | 1.9 | 13.3 | 83.7 | 369 |
| Mountain | 0.0 | 1.2 | 18.9 | 79.8 | 243 |
| West North Central | 0.8 | 2.0 | 20.5 | 76.7 | 356 |
| East North Central | 0.4 | 3.1 | 20.6 | 75.9 | 456 |
| West South Central | 2.3 | 7.3 | 25.4 | 65.0 | 343 |
| East South Central | 5.3 | 8.2 | 19.3 | 67.3 | 171 |
| New England | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.3 | 88.7 | 133 |
| Middle Atlantic | 0.4 | 2.9 | 21.8 | 74.8 | 238 |
| South Atlantic | 0.8 | 4.8 | 23.9 | 70.6 | 394 |
| Table 2.2a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed Cesarean births by hospital type, size, NICU level, and region* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after Cesarean birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 1.8 | 5.1 | 25.5 | 67.6 | 2540 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Government hospital | 3.1 | 9.4 | 25.6 | 61.9 | 512 |
| Non-profit hospital | 1.1 | 3.6 | 24.0 | 71.4 | 1674 |
| Private hospital | 3.6 | 6.5 | 33.2 | 56.7 | 337 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.5 | 76.5 | 17 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 2.4 | 7.8 | 36.4 | 53.4 | 206 |
| No | 1.8 | 4.9 | 24.6 | 68.8 | 2334 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 2.0 | 5.3 | 20.4 | 72.4 | 456 |
| 250-499 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 21.0 | 71.0 | 458 |
| 500-999 | 1.8 | 5.0 | 23.7 | 69.5 | 557 |
| 1000-1999 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 27.9 | 66.0 | 556 |
| 2000-4999 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 33.3 | 59.8 | 453 |
| 5000 or more | 1.7 | 3.3 | 35.0 | 60.0 | 60 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 2.0 | 5.2 | 21.1 | 71.7 | 897 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 1.9 | 5.2 | 25.9 | 67.0 | 1051 |
| Level 3 NICU | 1.4 | 4.7 | 31.6 | 62.3 | 592 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 1.2 | 2.1 | 20.2 | 76.4 | 331 |
| Mountain | 0.0 | 2.3 | 28.1 | 69.7 | 221 |
| West North Central | 0.9 | 2.9 | 22.7 | 73.6 | 348 |
| East North Central | 0.7 | 5.4 | 22.3 | 71.6 | 444 |
| West South Central | 4.5 | 9.1 | 29.8 | 56.6 | 309 |
| East South Central | 7.4 | 10.4 | 24.5 | 57.7 | 163 |
| New England | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 84.0 | 125 |
| Middle Atlantic | 0.4 | 6.9 | 30.0 | 62.7 | 233 |
| South Atlantic | 2.5 | 6.3 | 32.5 | 58.7 | 366 |
| *Note: Facilities not performing Cesareans are not included in these tabulations. | |||||
| Table 2.3a: Supplementation of breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive non-breast milk feedings | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 22.9 | 50.7 | 23.7 | 2.7 | 2691 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 88.6 | 8.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 140 |
| Government hospital | 19.3 | 50.2 | 26.8 | 3.7 | 518 |
| Non-profit hospital | 20.1 | 55.0 | 22.8 | 2.2 | 1679 |
| Private hospital | 14.9 | 47.6 | 33.3 | 4.2 | 336 |
| Military hospital | 33.3 | 55.6 | 11.1 | 0.0 | 18 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 9.7 | 49.3 | 36.2 | 4.8 | 207 |
| No | 20.2 | 53.4 | 23.9 | 2.6 | 2344 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 43.5 | 39.8 | 14.2 | 2.5 | 600 |
| 250-499 | 24.1 | 46.6 | 26.3 | 3.0 | 464 |
| 500-999 | 19.0 | 55.8 | 22.5 | 2.7 | 559 |
| 1000-1999 | 17.1 | 54.2 | 25.9 | 2.7 | 555 |
| 2000-4999 | 8.2 | 58.6 | 30.8 | 2.4 | 452 |
| 5000 or more | 9.8 | 52.5 | 34.4 | 3.3 | 61 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 34.9 | 44.3 | 18.1 | 2.7 | 1053 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 17.6 | 54.3 | 25.4 | 2.7 | 1044 |
| Level 3 NICU | 10.9 | 55.9 | 30.5 | 2.7 | 594 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 29.8 | 54.5 | 13.8 | 1.9 | 363 |
| Mountain | 28.3 | 53.3 | 15.4 | 2.9 | 240 |
| West North Central | 25.8 | 56.6 | 16.2 | 1.4 | 357 |
| East North Central | 23.0 | 51.8 | 22.8 | 2.4 | 456 |
| West South Central | 15.8 | 45.2 | 34.9 | 4.1 | 341 |
| East South Central | 13.1 | 47.6 | 33.3 | 6.0 | 168 |
| New England | 38.6 | 47.7 | 13.6 | 0.0 | 132 |
| Middle Atlantic | 17.9 | 50.8 | 28.3 | 2.9 | 240 |
| South Atlantic | 18.8 | 46.2 | 32.2 | 2.8 | 394 |
| Table 2.4a: Use of glucose water and/or water among breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2011 | |||||
| Do healthy breastfed infants receive glucose water and/or water | |||||
| Yes | No | N | |||
| All | 18.7 | 81.3 | 2603 | ||
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 6.8 | 93.2 | 133 | ||
| Government hospital | 24.7 | 75.3 | 503 | ||
| Non-profit hospital | 17.4 | 82.6 | 1622 | ||
| Private hospital | 21.9 | 78.1 | 329 | ||
| Military hospital | 6.3 | 93.8 | 16 | ||
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 5.0 | 95.0 | 202 | ||
| No | 20.7 | 79.3 | 2268 | ||
| Size of facility | |||||
| 1-249 | 26.0 | 74.0 | 576 | ||
| 250-499 | 28.3 | 71.7 | 448 | ||
| 500-999 | 20.0 | 80.0 | 536 | ||
| 1000-1999 | 12.2 | 87.8 | 543 | ||
| 2000-4999 | 7.7 | 92.3 | 441 | ||
| 5000 or more | 6.8 | 93.2 | 59 | ||
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 25.6 | 74.4 | 1010 | ||
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 17.4 | 82.6 | 1014 | ||
| Level 3 NICU | 9.2 | 90.8 | 579 | ||
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 12.0 | 88.0 | 343 | ||
| Mountain | 17.0 | 83.0 | 230 | ||
| West North Central | 28.2 | 71.8 | 347 | ||
| East North Central | 16.1 | 83.9 | 442 | ||
| West South Central | 24.5 | 75.5 | 331 | ||
| East South Central | 25.6 | 74.4 | 164 | ||
| New England | 4.7 | 95.3 | 128 | ||
| Middle Atlantic | 15.5 | 84.5 | 238 | ||
| South Atlantic | 19.2 | 80.8 | 380 | ||