ABCs Report: group B Streptococcus, 2009

Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs): Emerging Infections Program Network

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ABCs Areas

California (3 county San Francisco Bay area); Colorado (children < 1 year in 5 county Denver area); Connecticut (children < 1 year); Georgia (20 county metro area); Maryland; Minnesota; New Mexico; New York (15 county Rochester and Albany areas); Oregon (3 county Portland area); Tennessee (11 urban counties)

ABCs Population

The surveillance areas represent 28,691,854 persons and 467,780 live births.
Source: National Center for Health Statistics bridged race vintage 2009 postcensal file and 2008 state vital records

ABCs Case Definition

Invasive group B streptococcal disease:  isolation of Group B Streptococcus from a normally sterile site in a resident of a  surveillance area in 2009.  Early-onset cases occur at < 7 days of age and late-onset occur between 7 and 89 days of age.

ABCs Methodology

ABCs personnel routinely contacted all microbiology laboratories serving acute care hospitals in their area to identify cases. Standardized case report forms that include information on demographic characteristics, clinical syndrome, and outcome of illness were completed for each identified case. Regular laboratory audits assessed completeness of active surveillance and detected additional cases.

Rates of early-onset and late-onset group B streptococcal disease were calculated using estimates of live births for 2008. All other rates were calculated using population estimates for 2009. For national estimates of cases, race- and age-specific rates of disease were applied from the aggregate surveillance area to the age and racial distribution of the 2009 U.S. population and to the 2008 live births for early-onset and late-onset disease. Cases with unknown race were distributed by area based on reported race distribution for known cases within the eight age categories.

Reported ABCs Profiles

Race	No.	(Rate*)
White	1,572	(7.5)
Black	599	(11.3)
Other	146	(6.3)

Unknown race (n=313) distributed amongst known
^* Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas

Ethnicity	No.	(Rate*)
Hispanic	175	(5.4)
Non-Hispanic	1,088	------
Unknown	1,054	------

^*Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas

Age (years)	Cases No. (Rate*)	Deaths No. (Rate*)
<1	308 (64.6)	18 (3.78)
1	1 (0.2)	0 (0.00)
2-4	2 (0.2)	0 (0.00)
5-17	10 (0.2)	0 (0.00)
18-34	124 (1.8)	2 (0.03)
35-49	329 (5.2)	14 (0.22)
50-64	648 (12.2)	37 (0.70)
≥ 65	895 (27.0)	98 (2.95)
Total	2,317 (8.1)	169 (0.59)

^*Cases or deaths per 100,000 population for ABCs areas

Race	Early-Onset No. (Rate*)	Late-Onset No. (Rate*)
White	72 (0.22)	73 (0.22)
Black	55 (0.55)	72 (0.72)
Other	2 (0.05)	11 (0.30)
Total	129 (0.28)	156 (0.33)

Unknown race (n=15 Early Onset, n=30 Late Onset) distributed among knowns
^* Cases per 1,000 live birth for ABCs areas

National Estimates of Invasive Disease

Early Onset Cases: 1,100 (0.26/1,000 live births)
Late Onset Cases: 1,300 (0.31/1,000 live births)
Total Cases: 24,300 (7.9/100,000 population)
Deaths: 1,850 (0.60/100,000 population)

Healthy People 2010 Update

Early-Onset Disease

Objective: Decrease the incidence of invasive early onset group B streptococcal disease to 0.5 cases per 1,000 live births.

Race	2010 Objective	2008 Rate*
White	0.5/1,000	0.22/1,000
Black	0.5/1,000	0.55/1,000
Other	0.5/1,000	0.05/1,000
Total	0.5/1,000	0.26/1,000

^* Cases per 1,000 U.S. live births

Citation

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group B Streptococcus, 2009.

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