| |
Figure 1. Schematic of model and segregation. A) Depiction of
first 3 patient encounters. P1, P2, and P3, patients 1, 2, and 3; C, caregiver;
E, environment. Arrows depict path (direction) of transmission if 1 participant
in the interaction is infectious or contaminated. P(hand hygiene), probability
that a contaminated caregiver will clear his or her contamination between
patients; P(environ decontam), probability that a contaminated environment
will be effectively decontaminated between patient visits. Direct patient-to-patient
transmission is shown by dashed arrows. Because the model treats patient-to-patient
transmission as a symmetrical process (the probability of transmission
from patient to patient is identical regardless of which of the interacting
patients is infectious), dashed arrows have 2 heads. B) Effects of different
scheduling strategies. Solid circles, infectious high-risk patients; open
circles, noninfectious high-risk patients; solid squares, infectious low-risk
patients; open squares, noninfectious low-risk patients. Dots and arrows
leading to P4 and P5 represent continuation of the chain of transmission.
Ppc, probability of transmission from patient to caregiver; Pcp, probability
of transmission from caregiver to patient; Pec, probability of transmission
from environment to caregiver; Pce, probability of transmission from caregiver
to environment; Ppe, probability of transmission from patient to environment;
Pep, probability of transmission from environment to patient.
|
