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Intervention Description
Intervention Package Information
Evaluation Study and Results
References and Contact Information
Intervention Description
Target Population
Low-income, urban, Mexican and Puerto Rican women
Goals of Intervention
- Eliminate or reduce sex risk
behaviors
Brief Description
SEPA is a six-session,
culturally-tailored, small-group, skills
building intervention designed to
prevent high-risk sexual behaviors among
low-income Mexican and Puerto Rican
women. The intervention, delivered to
groups of 11-13 women, promotes
self-efficacy, builds skills and focuses
on topics including: HIV/AIDS in the
community, human anatomy and sexuality,
education about HIV and other STDs,
condom use, negotiation of safer sex,
and preventing domestic violence. The
intervention content and prevention
messages are delivered using several
methods, including: group discussions,
videos, hands-on activities, role
playing, skills demonstration, quizzes,
and homework to build self-efficacy.
Skills building activities focus on the
correct use of male and female condoms,
effective skills in communication,
assertiveness, and negotiating safer sex
with partners, and problem solving.
After each session, their homework is to
educate their peers about what they have
learned. The intervention is sensitive
to Latinas’ values and beliefs and
addresses issues relevant for this
population, such as intimate partner
violence. |
Theoretic Basis
Intervention Duration
Six weekly sessions
Intervention Settings
Not reported
Deliverer
Bilingual and bicultural Latinas, certified
as HIV counselors and instructors in both
English and Spanish
Delivery Methods
- Demonstrations
- Exercises
- Group Discussion
- Practice
- Role Modeling (educating
peers)
- Role Play
- Video
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Intervention Package Information
An intervention package is not available at this time. Contact: Dr. Nilda
Peragallo, University of Miami School of Nursing, PO Box 248153, Coral Gables,
FL 33124, e-mail: nperagallo@miami.edu
for details on intervention materials.
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Evaluation Study and Results
The original evaluation was conducted in
Chicago, Illinois between 1999 and 2001.
Key Intervention Effects
Study Sample
The analytic study sample of 454 Latinas is characterized by the following:
- 100% Hispanic (85% were Mexican,
15% were Puerto Rican)
- 100% Female
- 7% 18-20 years of age, 22% 21-25
years, 27% 26-30 years, 32% 31-39 years,
and 11% 40+ years
- 62% completed less than high
school education, 19% completed high
school, 19% completed more than high
school
Recruitment Settings
Community agencies (e.g., Head Start
Program, health clinics serving Latinas),
other establishments (grocery stores,
laundromats), and in the community (through
Latino radio station announcements and
Latino newspaper ads)
Eligibility Criteria
Hispanic women between 18 and 44 years were
eligible if they were between the ages of 18
and 44 and sexually active 3 months prior to
recruitment. Recruitment targeted low-income
women.
Assignment Method
Women (N = 657) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: SEPA (n =
404) or comparison (n = 253).
Comparison Group
The comparison group was provided
counseling for HIV testing and a pamphlet
listing free HIV testing sites.
Relevant Outcomes Measured and Follow-up Time
Sex behaviors during past 3 months
(including percent of times having vaginal,
anal, or oral sex while using a condom) were
measured at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months after
baseline, which translates to immediate
post-intervention and approximately 1.5 and
4.5 months after intervention.
Participant Retention
- SEPA
Intervention:
59% retained at 1.5 months after
intervention
60% retained at 4.5 months after
intervention
(65% retained at either follow-up
and in analyses)
- Control Group:
61% retained at 1.5 months after
intervention
71% retained at 4.5 months after
intervention
(75% retained at either follow-up
and in analyses)
Significant Findings
Across the 2 follow-ups,
intervention participants were
significantly more likely than control
participants to report consistent condom
use during vaginal sex (p = .006).
Considerations
- This intervention fails to meet the best-evidence criteria due to a short
follow-up time, low retention rates, and no intent-to-treat analyses.
- Across the 2 follow-ups, intervention participants, compared to control
participants, had significantly greater partner communication about HIV
issues (p < .001), HIV knowledge (p = .006), and risk-reduction behavioral
intentions (p < .001).
- Analytic sample excludes those intervention participants who completed
less than 3 of the 6 sessions (i.e., excluding if exposed to less than 50%
of the intervention).
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References and Contact Information
- Peragallo, N., DeForge, D., O’Campo, P., Lee, S. M., Kim, Y. J., Cianelli,
R., et al. (2005). A randomized clinical trial of an HIV-risk-reduction
intervention among low-income Latina women. Nursing Research, 54, 108
– 118.
- Peragallo, N., DeForge, D., Khoury, Z., Rivero, R., & Talashek, M.
(2002). Latinas’ perspectives on HIV/AIDS: Cultural issues to consider in
prevention. Hispanic Health Care International, 1, 11 – 22.
Researcher: Dr. Nilda Peragallo, University of
Miami School of Nursing, PO Box 248153, Coral Gables, FL 33124, e-mail:
nperagallo@miami.edu
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